1：Experimental Design and Method Selection

Laser direct deposition (LDD) was utilized to produce plate-like shape 85W-15Ni parts with different processing parameters (laser power and scanning speed). The influence of these parameters and their corresponding laser energy density on the microstructural characterization, phase composition, and tensile property was investigated.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources

Hydrogen-reduced irregular shaped W powder and gas-atomized near spherical Ni powder with particle size range of between 45 and 100 μm were used. The Ni powder was mixed with W powder at the mass ratio of 15 wt.% and then dried by heating in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 4 hours.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials

YASKAWA DX200 6-axis robot, YLR-1000 IPG fiber laser (λ=1070 nm) with a maximum output power of 1000 W, water-cooling system, automatic powder delivery system, Zeiss Axiovert 40 MAT optical microscope, Quanta 250F scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM, Tecnai G2 20 LaB6), Bruker-AXS D8 Advance X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UTM4000 stretch tester.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow

The mixed powder was feed coaxially into the focal point of the laser at the rate of 14 g/min. Argon was used as the shielding gas at the flow rate of 9 L/min. The plate-like shape parts were prepared layer by layer by moving the laser head back and forth. The cross sections of samples were obtained by cutting, mechanically ground, and then electrochemically etched with 10 % oxalic acid solution at 20 V and 1 A for 8~10 s.

5：Data Analysis Methods

The microstructure and fracture surface of specimens were evaluated using optical microscope and SEM. The phase composition of samples was identified by XRD. The density was measured by the Archimedes water immersion method. The tensile tests were carried out on UTM4000 stretch tester at 0.5 mm/min stretching speed.