研究目的
Investigating the design and performance of a 230-GHz wideband harmonic voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with large output power based on a compact and low-loss structure of coupled standing wave oscillators.
研究成果
The article presents a wideband and high-power 230-GHz VCO based on a compact and low-loss SWO topology. Four oscillators are coupled together without the addition of extra loss from coupling networks to boost the output power. A varactor-less frequency tuning method was used to extend the bandwidth of the VCO without sacrificing the output power of the circuit. Fundamental and second harmonic drain impedances of transistors were optimized to maximize the generated harmonic power. Using these techniques, the authors were able to achieve large output power and wideband operation at the same time.
研究不足
The study is limited to the design and performance evaluation of a 230-GHz VCO in a 65-nm CMOS process. The challenges include the increasing loss of passives in the circuit at THz frequencies and the tradeoff between frequency tuning range and output power.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The design is based on a compact and low-loss structure of coupled standing wave oscillators. Transistors with inductive drain impedances provide the necessary negative resistance to the oscillators while simultaneously acting as active variable capacitors for frequency tuning and generate the desired second-harmonic power through their nonlinearities. Transmission lines at the drains are responsible for creating the inductive impedance as well as coupling adjacent oscillators and routing and combining the output power.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The prototype chip was implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The circuit includes transistors, transmission lines (TLD, TLG), termination capacitors (CT), and a matching network (TLM, CM).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The circuit was designed to minimize passive losses and optimize harmonic impedances for maximum power generation. The output power and frequency tuning range were measured.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The output power, frequency tuning range, phase noise, and power consumption were analyzed to evaluate the performance of the VCO.
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