研究目的
Investigating the effects of precursor concentration on the hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods and their application as an electron transporting layer in perovskite solar cells to improve conversion efficiency.
研究成果
The concentration of the precursor solution significantly affects the size and density of ZnO NRs, which in turn influences the conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. The optimum power conversion efficiency of 2.26% was achieved with a 100 mM precursor solution. This study provides valuable insights for the preparation of ZnO NRs for enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.
研究不足
The study was conducted under specific conditions (temperature below 100 oC, atmospheric pressure) and may not account for variations in other environmental factors. The device performance was tested under ambient conditions without a glove box, which may affect the results.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Hydrothermal process at temperatures below 100 oC and under atmospheric pressure was used to grow ZnO nanorods on FTO-glass substrates. Four concentrations of precursor solution were tested.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
FTO glass substrates with a sheet resistance of ~7 ?/square were used. Precursor solutions of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine at concentrations of 25 mM, 50 mM, 75 mM, and 100 mM were prepared.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
FTO-glass substrates, zinc powder, HCl aqueous solution, zinc acetate, ethanol, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, hexamethylenetetramine, PCBM, PbI2, DMF, MAI, IPA, P3HT, silver bullion.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Cleaning and patterning of FTO-glass, preparation and spin-coating of seed solution, hydrothermal growth of ZnO NRs, fabrication of perovskite solar cells, and characterization of the devices.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
J-V characteristics measurement under solar simulated radiation, FE-SEM for morphology, XRD for structure and phase, UV-vis spectrophotometer for absorption.
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FTO glass
~7 ?/square
Sigma-Aldrich
Substrate for ZnO nanorods growth and perovskite solar cell fabrication
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FE-SEM
JSM-6335F
JEOL
Morphology determination of ZnO NRs and perovskite films
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XRD
MiniFlex ΙΙ
Rigaku
Characterization of ZnO NRs structure and phase
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zinc powder
Univer
Used for patterning FTO glass substrates
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zinc acetate
Ajax Finechem
Preparation of seed solution for ZnO nanorods
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zinc nitrate hexahydrate
Sigma-Aldrich
Precursor for hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods
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hexamethylenetetramine
Sigma-Aldrich
Precursor for hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods
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PCBM
Osilla
Electron transporting material in perovskite solar cells
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PbI2
Sigma-Aldrich
Precursor for perovskite layer
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MAI
Dyesol
Precursor for perovskite layer
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P3HT
Osilla
Hole transporting material in perovskite solar cells
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UV-vis Spectrophotometer
Covy-visible Spectrophotometer
Absorption measurement of ZnO NRs layers
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solar simulator
XES 301S
San-Ei Electric
Illumination source for J-V curve measurement
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voltage source-meter
2400
Keithley instruments
Measurement of J-V characteristics of the devices
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