1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study investigates the influence of different TCO substrates (Flat ITO, Flat FTO, and FTO with texture) on the efficiency of SnGe-perovskite solar cells.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

SnGe-perovskite solar cells were fabricated on three different TCO substrates.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Materials include Tin (II) iodide, Tin (II) fluoride, Germanium (II) iodide, Formamidinium iodide, N,N-Dimethylformamide, Dimethyl sulfoxide, and other solvents. Equipment includes a Rigaku Smartlab X-ray diffractometer, JASCO V-670 Spectrophotometer, Keithley 4200 source meter, solar simulator, and a scanning probe microscope.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

The TCO glass substrates were cleaned and treated with oxygen plasma. PEDOT:PSS was spin-coated on the substrates, followed by the perovskite precursor solution. The films were annealed, and layers of C60, BCP, Ag, and Au were sequentially evaporated.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

The performance of the solar cells was analyzed using J-V curves, UV-VIS spectrum measurement, impedance spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy.