1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

Eu3+-doped BTD glasses were prepared by the standard melt-quenching method. The spectroscopic traits were analyzed through experimental and theoretical studies.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples with nominal composition (35 – x) B2O3–30TeO2–20Dp–15Dm–xEu2O3 (where x= = 0.0, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 mol%, Dp = dolomite pebble, and Dm = dolomite marble) were prepared.

3：0, 5, 7, 0, 3, and 5 mol%, Dp = dolomite pebble, and Dm = dolomite marble) were prepared. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Alumina crucible, furnace (Nabertherm GmbH), X-ray diffractometry (XRD, Siemens D5000), TM3000 Hitachi tabletop scanning electron microscope (SEM), Shimadzu 3101 UV–Vis–NIR spectrophotometer, Perkin Elmer LS55 luminescence spectrophotometer, Horiba fluorescence spectrophotometer (JobinYvon Instruments).

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Batch constituents were melted in a furnace at 1200 °C for 1.5 h, annealed at 500 °C for 3 h, and then cut and polished for optical characterizations.

5：5 h, annealed at 500 °C for 3 h, and then cut and polished for optical characterizations. Data Analysis Methods:

5. Data Analysis Methods: The intensity parameters and radiative properties were evaluated using Judd–Ofelt (J–O) analyses. Three different models—Tauc's model, absorption spectral fitting (ASF), and derivation of absorption spectral fitting (DASF)—were applied to the absorption data to evaluate the OBGEs.