研究目的
Investigating the fabrication and laser performance of a Yb:LuAG double-clad planar waveguide grown by pulsed laser deposition.
研究成果
The study successfully demonstrated the fabrication of a multi-layered LuAG/Yb:LuAG/LuAG crystalline waveguide by hetero-epitaxial PLD on a YAG substrate. The waveguide showed good crystallinity and waveguiding properties. Laser oscillation with a Yb:LuAG double-clad planar waveguide was achieved, with an output power of 3.3 W and a slope efficiency of 20%. The study highlights the potential for realizing compact high-power waveguide lasers and amplifiers with further optimization.
研究不足
The waveguide propagation loss of 1.2 dB cm?1 limits the laser performance. The beam quality was poor, primarily associated with scattering by particulates/defects in the film and imperfect facet polishing.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the fabrication of a crystalline multi-layer lutetium aluminium garnet planar waveguide with a ytterbium-doped core via hetero-epitaxial pulsed laser deposition on an undoped yttrium aluminium garnet substrate.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
A 10 × 10 × 1 mm <100>-oriented YAG substrate was used for the deposition.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
A KrF excimer laser operating at a wavelength of 248 nm was used for deposition. The substrate was heated using a CO2 laser beam.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The deposition was conducted in an oxygen atmosphere at a pressure of 2 × 10?2 mbar. Following the growth, two opposing facets of the waveguide structure were polished plane-parallel.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Physical and optical characterization of the device was performed, including X-ray diffraction analysis, surface topology study, and refractive index measurements.
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Bruker D2 Phaser X-ray diffractometer
D2 Phaser
Bruker
Used for X-ray diffraction analysis of the multilayer waveguide structure.
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Thorlabs PDA10CS-EC InGaAs Amplified Detector
PDA10CS-EC
Thorlabs
Used for measuring the fluorescence lifetime of the Yb3+ ions.
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Ophir Nanoscan
NS2-GE/9/5-STD
Ophir
Used for characterizing the laser beam quality.
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KrF excimer laser
Used for deposition in the fabrication of the waveguide.
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CO2 laser
Used for heating the YAG substrate from the rear side during deposition.
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KLA Tencor P-16 + Stylus Profiler
P-16 +
KLA Tencor
Used for studying the surface topology of the waveguide.
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ZeMetrics ZeScope Optical Profiling System
ZeScope
ZeMetrics
Used for studying the surface topology of the waveguide.
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Metricon (2010) m-line prism coupling system
2010
Metricon
Used for refractive index measurements of the Yb(7%):LuAG film.
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Spiricon SP620U beam-profiling camera
SP620U
Spiricon
Used for imaging the waveguide fluorescence.
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ANDO AQ6317B optical spectrum analyzer
AQ6317B
ANDO
Used for measuring the fluorescence spectrum from the Yb3+-ions in the core of the multilayer sample.
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