研究目的
To investigate the antimicrobial potential of 395 nm pulsed LED light in wheat flour and the resulting quality changes.
研究成果
The 395 nm pulsed LED treatment is a promising decontamination approach for wheat flour, offering microbial reduction and quality improvements such as bleaching without chemicals. However, process optimization is needed for industrial application.
研究不足
The study highlights the need for further optimization of LED treatment conditions, such as water activity and temperature, to enhance microbial inactivation efficiency. The long treatment times and potential for oxidation-induced quality changes in wheat flour are also noted as limitations.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used a 395 nm pulsed LED system to treat wheat flour inoculated with Salmonella spp. to evaluate its antimicrobial potential and effects on flour quality.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Unbleached enriched wheat flour was inoculated with a Salmonella cocktail and equilibrated to a specific water activity before treatment.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a pulsed LED system, water activity meter, colorimeter, HPLC system, FTIR spectrometer, and rheometer. Materials included wheat flour, Salmonella strains, and various chemicals for analysis.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Wheat flour samples were treated with LED light for varying durations, followed by analysis of microbial inactivation, color changes, gluten properties, and structural changes.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD test to determine significant differences.
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rheometer
Physica MCR
Anton Paar GmbH
Used to measure rheological properties of gluten samples.
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helium-ion microscope
Orion NanoFab
Zeiss
Used to visualize the microstructure of gluten matrices.
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FTIR spectrometer
Nicolet 8700
Thermo
Used to analyze secondary structure changes of gluten proteins.
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pulsed LED system
CF3000
Clearstone
Used for emitting 395 nm light for microbial inactivation in wheat flour.
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water activity meter
AquaLab
Meter group
Used to measure the water activity of wheat flour samples.
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colorimeter
CR-400
Konica Minolta Sensing Americas Inc.
Used to measure color changes in wheat flour after LED treatment.
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HPLC system
Varian Prostar
Varian
Used for size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography to analyze gluten proteins.
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