研究目的
To develop a convenient short-time photo deposition method for loading high density isolated transition metal clusters in the sub-nano scale on to 2D ultrathin TiO2(B) nanosheets to significantly improve the atom utilization of the produced M(Fe, Co, Ni)/TiO2 photocatalyst in H2 production activity.
研究成果
A convenient short-time photo deposition method has been developed to load high density isolated transition metal clusters in the sub-nano scale on to 2D ultrathin TiO2(B) nanosheets, significantly improving the atom utilization of the produced M(Fe, Co, Ni)/TiO2 photocatalyst in H2 production activity. The transition metals with low dose can replace and indeed out-perform the noble metals, such as Pt, as effective and stable H2 evolution co-catalysts.
研究不足
The transition metals are of higher chemical activity and readily oxidized, which may affect the stability of the transition metal cluster as the co-catalyst.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The methodology involves a photo deposition method for synthesizing Fe, Co, and Ni clusters with subnano size as co-catalysts on 2D ultrathin TiO2(B) nanosheets for hydrogen evolution.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
The samples were prepared using a hydrothermal method for TiO2(B) nanosheets as supports, with metal-ion precursors (Fe(Ac)2, Co(Ac)2·4H2O, Ni(Ac)2·4H2O) dissolved in a methanol aqueous solution.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometry (D8-Advance, Bruker), STEM (JEOL JEM-ARF200F), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) (ESCALAB 250Xi), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES, Optima 8000), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrometry (Japan SHIMADZU UV-3600), Photoluminescence (PL) spectra (PE, LS-55), Raman spectrometry (Renishaw In Via), gas chromatography (GC-2018, Shimadzu, Japan, TCD).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The photo deposition process involved irradiating the solution with a Xe arc lamp (XQ350, 350 W) for varying periods, followed by centrifugation, washing, and drying at 50 oC.
5：Data Analysis Methods
The analysis included XRD for crystalline phases identification, STEM for size and distribution of metal clusters, XPS for chemical and valence states, ICP-AES for loading amount measurement, UV-vis for optical absorption spectra, PL for emission spectra, Raman for crystallinity and chemical bonding analysis, and GC for hydrogen production analysis.
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
ESCALAB 250Xi
Thermo Fisher Scientific
Determine the chemical and valence states
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Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES)
Optima 8000
PerkinElmer
Measure the loading amount of the transition metals
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UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrometry
UV-3600
SHIMADZU
Obtain optical absorption spectra
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Photoluminescence (PL) spectra
LS-55
PerkinElmer
Measure emission spectra
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Gas chromatography
GC-2018
Shimadzu
Analyze the generated hydrogen production
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X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometry
D8-Advance
Bruker
Identify the crystalline phases
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STEM
JEOL JEM-ARF200F
JEOL
Examine the size and distribution of the metal clusters
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Raman spectrometry
In Via
Renishaw
Analyze the crystallinity and the chemical bonding
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Xe arc lamp
XQ350
Light irradiation source for photo deposition and photocatalysis
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