1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved the fabrication of a Ce-doped air-clad optical fiber using the sol-gel technique and stack-and-draw method. The fiber's structural properties were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, and the presence of Ce3+ ions was confirmed through photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The fiber was then tested for its RL response to X-ray exposure.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

A 5 m-long Ce-doped air-clad fiber was used, with a 2 m-long piece exposed to X-rays for RL measurements. The dose rate was evaluated with an ionization chamber.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included a Hitachi 3400N scanning electron microscope (SEM) for imaging, an Aramis (Jobin-Yvon) spectrometer for Raman measurements, and a photomultiplier module (PMT, H9305-03 Hamamatsu) for RL signal collection.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

The fiber was exposed to X-rays, and the RL signal was guided through the fiber to a detector. The RL signal dynamics and spectrum were recorded.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

The RL signal's dependence on dose rate was analyzed for linearity, and the RL spectrum was compared to the PL spectrum to understand the emission mechanisms.