研究目的
Investigating the therapeutic effects of a specific herbal medicine on a particular disease.
研究成果
We have demonstrated mechanically stacked perovskite-silicon tandem configurations with efficiencies up to 26.0%, by using a semitransparent perovskite solar cell with 18.9% efficiency and an unfiltered Si solar cell of 22.9% efficiency. For the semitransparent perovskite solar cell, a surface treatment approach for the buffer material was incorporated, where the WOx surface was modified with NbOy in a conventional mp-TiO2-based n-i-p structure. This sputter buffer method significantly improved and recovered the fill factor, approaching values close to the conventional opaque devices over 80%, which is explained via improved series resistance and possible electronic-trap shifting toward the band edge.
研究不足
The technical and application constraints of the experiments, as well as potential areas for optimization.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Includes the overall experimental design rationale, the theoretical models or algorithms employed, and detailed procedures of the experimental methods.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Specifies the samples or datasets used in the experiment, including selection criteria and data acquisition methods.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Enumerates the required instruments, devices, and materials, along with their specifications and intended uses.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Provides a step-by-step description of the experimental process, covering equipment setup, data collection techniques, and control of variables during the experiment.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Explains the approach for analyzing experimental data, including statistical techniques and software tools utilized.
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Keithley 2420 SourceMeter
2420
Keithley
Used for photocurrent J-V characterizations.
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Shimadzu UV-2600
UV-2600
Shimadzu
Used for transmittance and absorption spectra measurements.
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Autolab
PGSTAT302N
Autolab
Used for impedance spectroscopy measurements.
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fluorine-doped tin oxide
FTO
Pilkington
Used as a substrate for the solar cells.
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titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate)
Aldrich
Used in the deposition of dense TiO2-blocking layers.
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TiO2 nanoparticles
SC-HT040
ShareChem
Used in the fabrication of mesoporous TiO2 films.
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poly(triarylamine)
PTAA
Used as an organic hole transport material.
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Li-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
Li-TFSI
Used as an additive in PTAA solutions.
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4-tert-butylpyridine
tBP
Used as an additive in PTAA solutions.
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spiro-OMeTAD
Used as an organic hole transport material.
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FK 209
Lumtec
Used as an additive in spiro-OMeTAD solutions.
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Au
Used as a top electrode in solar cells.
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WO3
Used as a buffer layer in solar cells.
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Nb2O5
Used in the surface treatment of WO3 buffer layers.
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ITO
Used as a transparent conducting oxide in solar cells.
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LiF
Used as an anti-reflective layer in solar cells.
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NuShield
Used as an anti-reflective film in solar cells.
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Newport Oriel Class A 91195A solar simulator
91195A
Newport
Used for standard 100 mW cm-2 illumination.
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Si-reference cell
NREL
Used for light intensity calibration.
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Thermo Scientific
Thermo Scientific
Used for UPS and XPS measurements.
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