研究目的
To better understand chemical emission into water and air due to UV CIPP installations by addressing knowledge-gaps regarding the chemical composition of uncured resin tubes, materials released into air and water during installations, and chemically characterizing CIPPs removed from each installation.
研究成果
The study revealed that UV CIPP installations emit carcinogens, endocrine disrupting compounds, and hazardous air pollutants into water and air. A significant amount of volatile material was found in uncured resin tube layers and CIPP samples. Recommendations to minimize environmental impact include preventing resin and particulates from entering the environment, conducting water testing to ensure no water quality limit exceedances, and capturing chemical emissions into air. Future research is needed to understand the environmental impacts and safety risks associated with UV CIPP technology.
研究不足
The study was limited by the number of installation sites monitored and the specific conditions under which the CIPPs were installed. The potential impact of smaller particulates, such as ultrafine particles and microplastics, was not fully assessed. Additionally, the study did not investigate the long-term chemical release from UV CIPPs as affected by age, resins/composition, curing conditions, and environmental and hydraulic conditions.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The study involved collecting samples of uncured resin tubes and field-cured styrene-based resin CIPPs, as well as air and water samples before, during, and after installations. Chemical emissions into air and water were analyzed, and particulates emitted into the air, water, and soil were examined for fiberglass, polymer, and contaminants.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
Samples were collected from three CIPP stormwater culvert installation sites in Syracuse, New York, and one installation site in Fairfax, Virginia. Water samples were collected from standing water at the culvert inlet and outlet, and from rinse water used after installation.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
Equipment included a photoionization detector (PID) for air monitoring, Oakton pH 450 meter for pH and temperature measurements, Pocket Colorimeter? II for chlorine residual measurements, headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS GC/MS), liquid-liquid extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (LLE GC/MS), and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy - Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) for water sample analysis. A Q-2000 differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) Q-500 were used for thermal analysis.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The installation process involved inserting a preliner, curing with a UV light train, cutting the ends of the new CIPP, and rinsing with chlorinated drinking water. Air and water samples were collected at various stages, and materials emitted during cutting were analyzed.
5：Data Analysis Methods
Water samples were analyzed for individual compounds using HS GC/MS, LLE GC/MS, and FTIR-ATR. Chemical composition of the uncured resin tube and CIPPs was determined through chemical and thermal analysis. Particulate behavior in water was examined through settling experiments.
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