研究目的
To produce Eu3+ doped nanocrystalline materials of CeO2 and to study their structural, optical, photoluminescence properties as a function of calcinations temperature and dopant concentration.
研究成果
The nanocrystalline particles of CeO2 were prepared with different concentration of Eu3+ ions as dopant. The corresponding effect of size, shape, nature of defects, optical and photoluminescence properties were characterized. The photoluminescence properties of Eu3+@CeO2 nanocrystals were employed for the selective detection of metal ion in aqueous media. The outcomes substantiate that the prepared sensor has higher prospective for realistic practices.
研究不足
The study focuses on the effect of Eu3+ doping on CeO2 nanocrystals and their application in chemical sensing, but does not explore the potential for scalability or industrial application in depth.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
Hydrothermal method was used for the preparation of highly crystalline nanocrystals of Eu3+ doped cerium oxide (Eu@CeO2) particles. The influence of doping percentage and annealing effects were studied.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
Anhydrous Chromium(III) chloride [Cr(III)Cl3], anhydrous Zinc (II) chloride [Zn(II)Cl2], Cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3.6H2O, 99.9% pure), Europium pentahydrate (Eu(NO3)3·5H2O, 99.9%, pure), among others, were purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
X’Pert Pro diffractometer, Hitachi H 7500, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR; Perkin Elmer (RX1)), Jasco V-530 UV-vis. spectrometer, Edinburgh Instrument FLS 980, muffle furnace from AICIL, Malvern zetasizer nano-S90 instrument, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS; ESCA + Omicron Nanotechnology Oxford Instruments), STR 500 Airix spectroscope, lab India digital pH meter, Remi R-24 centrifuge machine, IKA C-MAG HS 7 stirrer, power sonic 405 instruments.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
For the fabrication of undoped CeO2 nanoparticles, Ce(NO3)3.6H2O was added in distilled water under stirring conditions. The solution was kept on stirring under room temperature conditions for 2 hours. After equilibration, the prepared solutions were mixed with NH2CONH2 under stirring conditions. The amalgamated mixture was stirred at 250 rpm for 30 minute at room temperature conditions. The obtained solution was then calcined in muffle furnace at 1000°C for 3 hours to obtain the undoped particles of CeO2.
5：Data Analysis Methods
XRD studies were carried out on a Panalytical’s X’Pert Pro diffractometer with Cu-Kα as radiation source. The particle sizes and characteristic morphologies were examined by using a Hitachi H 7500. The chemical composition was explored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The optical analysis was done on Jasco V-530 UV-vis. spectrometer. The photoluminescence studies were done on Edinburgh Instrument FLS 980.
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Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
RX1
Perkin Elmer
Exploration of chemical composition
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UV-vis. spectrometer
V-530
Jasco
Optical analysis
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X’Pert Pro diffractometer
Panalytical
XRD studies
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Hitachi H 7500
Hitachi
Examination of particle sizes and characteristic morphologies
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FLS 980
Edinburgh Instrument
Photoluminescence studies
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muffle furnace
AICIL
Calcination of particles
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zetasizer nano-S90
Malvern
Particle size analysis
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
ESCA + Omicron Nanotechnology Oxford Instruments
Scrutiny of purity and chemical states
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STR 500 Airix spectroscope
Obtaining Raman spectra
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digital pH meter
lab India
pH measurements
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centrifuge machine
R-24
Remi
Ultracentrifugation
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stirrer
C-MAG HS 7
IKA
Magnetic stirring of solutions
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sonic 405
power sonic
Sonication of prepared samples
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