研究目的
Investigating the potential of AVHRR infrared images for automatic detection of an upcoming polynya opening in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.
研究成果
The re-opening of the Weddell Polynya in June and September 2017 could be predicted five days in advance by monitoring on AVHRR images the appearance of a warm spot. This method could serve as an early warning system for future polynya openings, allowing for timely rerouting of autonomous sensors or ships to study the polynya as it opens.
研究不足
The study is limited by the rudimentary cloud masking technique, which may occasionally detect clouds and/or fog instead of a warming of the ocean. Additionally, the data is from only one year, and future polynya openings would help refine the criteria.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study focuses on the Weddell Sea area where the polynya opened in the 1970s and where modelled polynyas always start. It uses daily sea ice maps from AMSR2 and SMOS sensors, and AVHRR images for SST analysis.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The study area is defined as 55 to 75?S, 15?W to 20?E, with a 'polynya-prone' region of 60 to 68?S, 6?W to 12?E. Data includes AVHRR images from NOAA for the week preceding each detected opening.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) aboard several satellites, AMSR2, SMOS sensor.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
AVHRR images were reprojected using SNAP software, cloud filtering was applied, and SST thresholds were used to detect warm spots.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The study compares the effectiveness of SST thresholds versus traditional sea ice concentration and thickness criteria for detecting polynya openings.
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