研究目的
To report a green and sustainable method for the synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) using Kondagogu gum (Cochlospermum gossypium) as the NPs formation agent and to assess their photocatalytic activity in degrading an organic dye (methylene blue) from aqueous solution under solar light.
研究成果
The green synthesis of TiO2 NPs using Kondagogu gum is an eco-friendly, cost-effective method that produces NPs with excellent photocatalytic activity against organic dyes. The study demonstrates the potential of these NPs in water purification and dye effluent treatment.
研究不足
The study focuses on the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under specific conditions. The scalability of the green synthesis method and its applicability to other dyes or pollutants were not explored.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the synthesis of TiO2 NPs using a green method with Kondagogu gum as the NPs formation agent. The synthesized NPs were characterized using various techniques to confirm their formation and properties.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Titanium oxysulfate and methylene blue were used as precursors, with Kondagogu gum obtained from the Girijan Co-operative Corporation Ltd., Hyderabad, India.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, SEM-EDX, TEM, HR-TEM, UV-visible spectroscopy, BET surface area analyzer, and particle size analyzer.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The synthesis involved adding KG to titanium oxysulfate solution, stirring, centrifuging, washing, drying, and calcining. The photocatalytic activity was assessed under solar light with varying parameters.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The data from characterization techniques were analyzed to confirm the formation of TiO2 NPs and their photocatalytic activity.
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X-Ray Diffraction
Rigaku Miniflex 600
Rigaku
Analysis of crystallographic planes of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles
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FTIR spectrometer
Perkin-Elmer FTIR Spectrum Two
Perkin-Elmer
Identification of different functional groups present in KG and on the surface of the formed NPs
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Raman microscope
NICOLET DXR
Thermo Scientific
Identification and quantification of both the amorphous and crystalline TiO2 phases
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Scanning electron microscope
ZEISS, Ultra/Plus
ZEISS
Determination of the elemental composition and morphology of TiO2 nanoparticles
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Transmission electron microscopy
JEOL, JEM-2100
JEOL
Recording of nanoparticles and particle distributions
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Centrifugal particle sedimentation
DC24000UHR
CPS Instruments Inc.
Measurement of nanoparticle size distributions
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Thermogravimetric analyzer
Perkin Elmer STA 6000
Perkin Elmer
Study of thermal properties of KG and green-synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles
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UV-visible spectrophotometer
Perkin Elmer Lambda 35
Perkin Elmer
Determination of optical properties
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Brunauer–Emmett–Teller
Autosorb iQ
Quantachrome Instruments
Analysis of the surface area of the TiO2 NPs
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