研究目的
To determine whether infrared thermography is a viable method to noninvasively measure sympathetic activation in humans, to validate whether infrared thermography responds to sympathetic activation in humans in a similar manner to other indicators of sympathetic nervous system activation, and to gain an understanding of the vascular responses within the conjunctival bed during sympathetic activation in healthy humans.
研究成果
Infrared thermographic monitoring of eye temperature in humans does not reliably relate to sympathetic activation. This could be due to hemodynamic responses at the lacrimal caruncle that may be more complex than previously proposed with sympathetic activation. Alternatively, pulse transit time seems like a promising non-invasive measure of changes in sympathetic activation in humans.
研究不足
The HRV analysis should be interpreted with caution since the duration of the analysis spanned only 4?min under each condition as opposed to the recommended 5?min outlined in the task force guidelines. Performing HRV analyses during manipulations that often alter breathing frequency may invalidate the measure.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved three separate trials: a control trial, a cold pressor test (CPT), and a muscle chemoreflex test (MCR). Infrared thermographic imaging of the lacrimal caruncle, heart rate, heart rate variability, mean arterial blood pressure, and pulse transit time were measured throughout all trials.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Sixteen young healthy participants (age: 18–35) were recruited. Exclusion criteria included regular tobacco users, medication use, or known cardiovascular disease.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
A FLIR E-60 Infrared Thermography Camera was used for thermographic imaging. Continuous blood pressure waveforms were recorded using an applanation tonometer, and heart rate by three lead ECG in the V5 configuration.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Participants underwent sympathetic activation using CPT and MCR, and completed a control trial. The order of the trials was randomized and counterbalanced.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Statistical analyses were determined using SPSS version 22.0. A two-way repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with the factors of condition and time.
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