研究目的
Investigating the synthesis and gas sensing properties of hierarchical zinc oxide nanorings (HNRs) compared to mono-morphological nanostructures like nanowires (NWs) and nanodisks (NDs).
研究成果
The hierarchical ZnO nanorings (HNRs) demonstrated superior gas sensing properties compared to mono-morphological nanostructures like nanowires (NWs) and nanodisks (NDs), attributed to their high surface-to-volume ratio, small size of the NW building blocks, and increased proportion of polar facets. This work provides a guide for improving sensing properties through morphology control of nanostructures.
研究不足
The study focuses on the gas sensing properties of ZnO nanostructures towards acetone, and the synthesis method is limited to hydrothermal techniques. The performance of the sensors is temperature-dependent, requiring optimization for each morphology.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed a controlled hydrothermal synthesis technique to produce hierarchical ZnO nanostructures. Zinc sulphate and zinc nitrate were used sequentially as the source of zinc ions in the growth solution.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Silicon (Si) substrates with a seed layer were used for the growth of ZnO nanostructures. The morphology and structure of the produced nanostructures were analyzed using SEM, STEM, XRD, and PL spectroscopy.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a Panalytical X-pert diffractometer, Philips XL-20 SEM, Hitachi HD2300A STEM, and Cary Eclipse spectrometer. Materials included zinc nitrate hexahydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, HMTA, ammonium hydroxide, and PEI.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The growth process involved heating the growth solution to specific temperatures for varying durations, followed by washing and drying the samples. Gas sensors were fabricated by spin coating solutions containing the ZnO nanostructures onto SiO2/Si substrates with pre-patterned gold electrodes.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The gas sensing properties were analyzed using a home-made gas chamber attached to a Keithley 4200 semiconductor analyzer. The response of each sensor was defined based on the current under gas and in air.
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Zinc nitrate hexahydrate
reagent grade, 98%
Sigma-Aldrich
Source of zinc ions in the growth solution
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Hexamethylenetetramine
pH 7.0–9.0 (100 g/l, H?O, 20 °C), for synthesis
Sigma-Aldrich
Used in the growth solution
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Ammonium hydroxide
28% NH3 in H2O, ≥99.99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Used in the growth solution
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Polyethylenimine
end-capped, molecular weight 800 g/mol LS
Sigma-Aldrich
Used in the growth solution
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Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
reagent grade, 99.9%
Sigma-Aldrich
Source of zinc ions in the growth solution
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Panalytical X-pert diffractometer
Investigation of the crystal structure of the produced nanostructures
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Philips XL-20 SEM
Analysis of the morphology of the produced nanostructures
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Hitachi HD2300A STEM
Electron diffraction measurements
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Cary Eclipse spectrometer
PL spectroscopy analysis
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QUADRASORB SI surface area analyzer
Measurement of nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms
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Keithley 4200 semiconductor analyzer
Analysis and testing of gas sensing properties
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