研究目的
To investigate the influence of instrumentation parameters on the spectrometric performance of a 500 mm3 CdZnTe detector and acquire high-quality spectra of uranium and plutonium standards for developing an isotopic composition determination algorithm suited for CZT and LaBr3 detectors in safeguards applications.
研究成果
The digital MCA with a 1.2 μs pulse shaping time constant provided the best performance for the CZT detector, minimizing peak asymmetry and electronic noise impact. Both detectors exhibited stability issues, with LaBr3 showing more gain drift. The produced high-quality spectra will support the development of an isotopic composition determination algorithm for safeguards applications using CZT and LaBr3 detectors.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific detectors (500 mm3 CdZnTe and 2x2 inch LaBr3) and instrumentation settings. The asymmetrical peak shape of CZT is sensitive to electronic noise, and LaBr3 has worse resolution. Long-term measurements showed gain drift, especially for low-enriched uranium. The methodology may not generalize to other detector types or configurations.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved characterizing the spectroscopic performance of a CdZnTe detector at different pulse shaping time constants using analogue and digital instrumentation, and measuring uranium and plutonium standards to assess stability and spectra quality. Methods included evaluating energy resolution, peak shape parameters, and using rejection criteria for poor-quality spectra.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Certified samples included a 207Bi point source, uranium CBNM standards with enrichments of 0.31%, 0.71%, 1.94%, 2.95%, and 4.46%, and plutonium CBNM standards with specified isotopic compositions. Data were acquired from gamma-ray spectra.
3:31%, 71%, 94%, 95%, and 46%, and plutonium CBNM standards with specified isotopic compositions. Data were acquired from gamma-ray spectra. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: A 500 mm3 CdZnTe detector (hemispheric design by RITEC), a 2x2 inch LaBr3 scintillator (by Saint-Gobain Crystals), analogue electronics (charge sensitive preamplifier, linear amplifier, shaper, analogue-to-digital converter, DAQ2000 software), digital MCA (model 527 by GBS-Elektronik, WinSpec software), lead collimators, cadmium and copper attenuators, and certified sources.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Spectra were acquired for the 207Bi source and standards in runs of 7200 seconds each. Pulse shaping time constants were varied (0.25 to 8 μs for analogue, 0.7 and 1.2 μs for digital). Parameters like FWHM, FWTM, peak centroid, net peak area, and uncertainty were evaluated. Poor-quality runs were rejected based on criteria, and summed spectra files were produced.
5:25 to 8 μs for analogue, 7 and 2 μs for digital). Parameters like FWHM, FWTM, peak centroid, net peak area, and uncertainty were evaluated. Poor-quality runs were rejected based on criteria, and summed spectra files were produced. Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Data were analyzed using Matlab-based programs to calculate parameters. Statistical methods included confidence intervals for net peak areas and centroid drift criteria. Peak shapes were compared to ideal Gaussian peaks.
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CdZnTe detector
500 mm3, hemispheric design
RITEC
Gamma-ray detection and spectroscopy
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LaBr3 scintillator
2x2 inch
Saint-Gobain Crystals
Gamma-ray detection and spectroscopy
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Digital MCA
527
GBS-Elektronik
Multi-channel analysis for spectrum acquisition
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Analogue electronics
Signal processing including preamplifier, amplifier, shaper, ADC
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DAQ2000 software
LabView
Data acquisition
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WinSpec software
Data acquisition
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207Bi source
Certified point source
Calibration and characterization
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Uranium CBNM standards
CBNM
Reference samples for measurement
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Plutonium CBNM standards
CBNM
Reference samples for measurement
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Lead collimators
Reduce scattered photons
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Cadmium attenuator
Attenuate gamma rays
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Copper attenuator
Attenuate gamma rays
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