研究目的
To monitor the red blood cell (RBC) aggregation dynamics under flow and in static conditions using a microfluidic dielectric sensor, and to investigate the dependence of aggregation kinetics on fibrinogen concentration.
研究成果
The microfluidic dielectric sensor successfully monitored RBC aggregation and disaggregation dynamics under flow and static conditions, demonstrating sensitivity to fibrinogen concentration changes. It can distinguish between blood samples with different aggregation kinetics, even under physiological shear flow rates, highlighting its potential for point-of-care applications in biomedical diagnostics.
研究不足
The experiments were conducted at room temperature, which may not fully replicate in vivo conditions. The sensor requires external equipment like an impedance analyzer, limiting portability. Only healthy blood samples were used, and the study did not explore pathological states or long-term stability.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study uses a microfluidic dielectric sensor with a 3D parallel-plate capacitive sensing structure to measure the real part of complex relative dielectric permittivity of human whole blood. Dielectric spectroscopy is employed in the frequency range of 10kHz–100MHz to capture changes due to RBC aggregation and disaggregation.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
De-identified, healthy human whole blood samples were obtained from the Hematopoietic Biorepository and Cellular Therapy Core at Case Western Reserve University, collected in EDTA anticoagulant tubes and used within 4 hours of collection. Some samples were treated ex vivo with fibrinogen to modulate aggregation dynamics.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Microfluidic sensor with PMMA cap and substrate, gold electrodes, DSA film for channel formation, syringe pump (New Era Pump Systems NE-300), impedance analyzer (Agilent 4294A), custom PCB test fixture, plastic tubing, microscope for visual verification.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Blood samples were flowed through the microfluidic channel at controlled shear rates using a syringe pump. Dielectric permittivity was measured at 1MHz during cycles of flow (e.g., 500s-1 for 5 minutes) and static conditions (5 minutes). Visual observations under a microscope were conducted for diluted blood samples. Fibrinogen-treated samples were tested at varying shear rates to assess aggregation kinetics.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The real part of dielectric permittivity was normalized and analyzed over time. Data were fitted semi-logarithmically, and statistical analysis included mean and standard error of the mean (SEM) for comparisons.
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