研究目的
To develop a TFBG hydrogen sensor with a Pd membrane using electroless plating for detecting hydrogen leakage and pipeline cracks simultaneously, addressing cross-sensitivity issues.
研究成果
The proposed TFBG sensor with electroless-plated Pd membrane effectively detects hydrogen leakage and pipeline cracks simultaneously by differentiating refractive index changes from expansion effects. It offers high sensitivity, low cost, and ease of fabrication, with detection possible within 5-10 minutes for concentrations of 1-4%. Future work should explore alloy coatings to mitigate brittleness and enhance performance.
研究不足
The pure Pd layer may suffer from hydrogen brittle effects at high concentrations, potentially forming cracks and reducing sensitivity. The method is limited to hydrogen concentrations below 4% and requires further investigation for alloy coatings to improve reliability.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study uses a TFBG inscribed in SMF-28 fiber with an 8° tilt angle, coated with a Pd membrane via electroless plating. The method involves sensitization and activation (S&A) followed by chemical coating in a heated water bath to form a uniform Pd layer.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
SMF-28 Corning telecom fiber is used, loaded with hydrogen and inscribed with TFBG. Data is collected from transmission spectra using an optical spectrum analyzer under controlled hydrogen concentrations.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes a UV excimer laser for grating inscription, sonicator for cleaning, oven for drying, pipettes for S&A, water bath for coating, gas flow chamber, broadband source (BBS), and optical spectrum analyzer (OSA). Materials include SnCl2·2H2O, PdCl2, hydrochloric acid, Na2EDTA·2H2O, ammonia, N2H4·H2O, and DI water.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Fiber is cleaned, sensitized, and activated using the drop and dip method. Chemical coating is performed at 60°C. The coated TFBG is placed in a gas flow chamber, exposed to hydrogen concentrations (1-4%), and transmission spectra are monitored over time.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Wavelength shifts of Bragg peak and cladding modes are measured; the difference (ΔC-ΔB) is calculated to isolate hydrogen-induced changes from expansion effects. Exponential fitting is applied to relate drift to concentration.
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SMF-28 fiber
SMF-28
Corning
Used as the base optical fiber for inscribing the TFBG and coating with Pd membrane.
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Optical spectrum analyzer
AQ6370
Yokogawa
Used to monitor the transmission spectrum of the TFBG.
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Scanning electron microscopy
Nova NanoSEM 450
FEI Company
Used to take SEM images of the Pd coating.
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UV excimer laser
Used to inscribe the TFBG in the fiber core.
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Broadband source
Provides optical signal for the TFBG sensor.
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