研究目的
To study the effect of niobium doping on the structural and electrical properties of Ba0.97La0.02Ti1-xNb4x/5O3 ceramics synthesized by the molten-salt method, focusing on phase structure, impedance behavior, and conductivity mechanisms.
研究成果
Ba0.97La0.02Ti1-xNb4x/5O3 ceramics were successfully synthesized with a tetragonal perovskite structure. Nb doping decreased impedance and conductivity, indicating increased space-charge accumulation and short-range charge carrier motion. The presence of Warburg impedance and non-Debye relaxation were confirmed, with hopping conduction between neighboring sites.
研究不足
The study is limited to room temperature measurements and specific Nb concentrations (x=0 and 0.05). The molten-salt method may introduce impurities, and the impedance analysis assumes certain equivalent circuit models that might not capture all material behaviors.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used the molten-salt reaction method for synthesis, with complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) for electrical property analysis. Rietveld refinement was applied to XRD data for structural analysis.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples with x=0 and 0.05 were prepared using high-purity powders (BaCO3, TiO2, NbCl5, LaCH3CO2) in stoichiometric ratios.
3：05 were prepared using high-purity powders (BaCO3, TiO2, NbCl5, LaCH3CO2) in stoichiometric ratios.
List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included an alumina crucible for heating, PANalytical X’Pert Pro diffractometer for XRD, scanning electron microscope (SEM) for microstructure, and Agilent 4294A impedance analyzer for CIS.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Powders were mixed, heated at 800°C for 24h, cooled, washed, filtered, dried, pressed into pellets, and sintered at 800°C for 24h. XRD and SEM were performed, and impedance measurements were conducted from 1Hz to 5MHz at room temperature.
5：4h. XRD and SEM were performed, and impedance measurements were conducted from 1Hz to 5MHz at room temperature.
Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Data were analyzed using FullProf for Rietveld refinement, EIS spectra analyzer for equivalent circuit fitting, and Jonscher’s universal power law for conductivity fitting.
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