1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study employed a co-sol-gel method to synthesize porous SiO2-TiO2 photocatalysts, using PEG1000 as a template to create porous structures. The rationale was to enhance photocatalytic efficiency through increased surface area and porosity.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples were prepared with varying concentrations of PEG1000 (

3：02 to 10 mol/L) in the precursor solution. Methyl orange was used as the model pollutant for degradation tests. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included a magnetic stirrer, drying oven, calcination furnace, HITACHI S-3400N scanning electron microanalyzer, D/max-rB X-ray diffractometer, FT-IR spectrometer, F-Sorb 3400 specific surface area and pore size distribution analytical instrument, UV lamp (20 W,

4：7 nm), spectrophotometer (Shanghai Spectrum Instruments 721E), and Millipore filter (pore size 45 μm). Materials included tetrabutyl titanate, ethyl silicate, ethanol, PEG1000, methyl orange, and gold for coating. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

2 The sol-gel process involved mixing tetrabutyl titanate and ethyl silicate in ethanol, adding PEG1000, hydrolyzing with ethanol-water solution, stirring to form a gel, drying at 90°C for 12 h, calcining at 500°C for 3 h, and grinding into powder. Characterization involved SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and N2 adsorption-desorption measurements. Photocatalytic activity was assessed by degrading methyl orange under UV irradiation after achieving adsorption equilibrium, with concentration measured spectrophotometrically.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using BET and BJH methods for surface area and pore size distribution, Scherrer formula for crystallite size from XRD, and degradation rates calculated from spectrophotometer readings.