研究目的
To demonstrate Q-switching operation at 1.55- and 2-μm regions using a homemade chromium-doped fiber as a passive saturable absorber in fiber laser cavities.
研究成果
The CrDF-SA successfully generates stable Q-switched pulses at 1.55- and 2-μm regions with high SNR. It offers a robust alternative to existing saturable absorbers, with potential for future high-power fiber laser development due to its fiber form and compatibility with silica fibers.
研究不足
The CrDF has a relatively low saturable absorption (9%) and high non-saturable absorption (59%). The optical efficiency is low (7.82% for EDFL, 2.5% for TDFL). The study is limited to specific pump power ranges and may not cover broader operational conditions.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study uses an all-fiber ring cavity configuration with Erbium-doped fiber (EDF) and Thulium-doped fiber (TDF) as gain media. The chromium-doped fiber (CrDF) is fabricated using Modified Chemical Vapour Deposition (MCVD) and solution doping (SD) methods. Nonlinear absorption is characterized using a balance twin-detector measurement.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The CrDF is 10 cm long, fabricated in-house. EDF and TDF are used as gain fibers with specified dimensions and absorption properties.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Includes laser diodes (980 nm and 1552 nm), wavelength division multiplexers (WDM), isolators, couplers, optical spectrum analyzer (OSA), oscilloscope, RF spectrum analyzer (RFSA), photodetectors, and various dopants (AlCl3·6H2O, CrCl3·6H2O, CaCl2·2H2O, Y(NO3)3·xH2O from Alfa Aesar).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
For EDFL, pump with 980 nm LD through WDM, use EDF, isolator, and 80/20 coupler; measure output with OSA, oscilloscope, and RFSA via photodetector. For TDFL, pump with 1552 nm EYDFL through WDM, use TDF and 90/10 coupler; similar measurement setup.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Analyze pulse width, repetition rate, output power, pulse energy, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) from temporal and spectral measurements.
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Optical Spectrum Analyzer
To observe the output spectrum of the laser with specified resolution.
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Oscilloscope
To observe the temporal performance of the Q-switched laser pulses.
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RF Spectrum Analyzer
To analyze the frequency domain of the Q-switching operation.
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Photodetector
To detect optical signals for temporal measurements.
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Fiber Drawing Tower
Heathway
To draw the chromium-doped fiber from the preform.
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Preform Analyzer
PK-2600
Photon Kinetics
To measure the refractive index profile of the fiber preform.
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Electron Probe Micro Analyzer
To analyze the distribution of elements in the fiber core.
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X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
To identify the chemical states of elements in the fiber preform.
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Spectral Attenuation Setup
Bentham
To measure the spectral attenuation of the fiber.
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Laser Diode
To pump the gain fibers in the laser cavities.
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Wavelength Division Multiplexer
To combine or separate optical signals of different wavelengths.
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Isolator
To ensure unidirectional laser operation in the cavity.
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Coupler
To split the laser power for feedback and output.
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Erbium-doped Fiber
Acts as the gain medium in the EDFL cavity.
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Thulium-doped Fiber
Acts as the gain medium in the TDFL cavity.
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Chromium-doped Fiber
Acts as the saturable absorber in both laser cavities.
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