研究目的
To synthesize and evaluate mixed micelles based on amphiphilic gadolinium(III)-DOTA and europium(III)-DTPA complexes for their paramagnetic and optical properties as potential bimodal contrast agents, with a focus on magnetic field-dependent switching from positive to negative contrast enhancement.
研究成果
The mixed micelles exhibit high relaxivity and bimodal properties, functioning as positive contrast agents at lower magnetic fields and negative contrast agents at higher fields. They show potential for targeted therapeutics and imaging, with opportunities for optimization in cytotoxicity and targeting efficiency.
研究不足
The cytotoxicity of the micelles, likely due to Tween 80?, has not been optimized. The folate targeting did not show significant difference in uptake compared to non-targeted micelles in HeLa cells. The system requires further investigation for folate receptor-mediated endocytosis and in vivo applications.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved synthesizing amphiphilic gadolinium(III)-DOTA and europium(III)-DTPA complexes, incorporating a folate-targeting molecule, and forming mixed micelles. Methods included synthesis of ligands and complexes, micelle formation, and evaluation of photophysical and relaxometric properties using theoretical models like Solomon-Bloembergen-Morgan theory.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included synthesized complexes and micelles, with characterization using mass spectrometry, NMR, FT-IR, and dynamic light scattering. Data were obtained from in vitro experiments with HeLa cells for imaging and viability assays.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Instruments included Bruker Avance spectrometers, Thermo Finnigan LCQ Advantage mass spectrometer, Bruker S2 Picofox TXRF, Stelar Spinmaster FFC NMR relaxometer, Minispec mq20 and mq60, Bruker Avance spectrometers, BIC multiangle laser light scattering system, Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope, and Tecan Safire2 plate reader. Materials included chemicals from Acros Organics, Matrix Scientific, ChemLab, Sigma-Aldrich, BDH Prolabo, DPPC, Tween 80?, and modified folic acid.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Synthesis of ligands and complexes was performed using reported procedures. Micelles were prepared by mixing complexes with DPPC and Tween 80?. Photophysical properties were measured with absorption and emission spectroscopy. Relaxometric studies involved NMRD profile measurements at various magnetic fields. Cell culture imaging used confocal microscopy with 405 nm excitation, and viability was assessed via MTT assay.
5:0?. Photophysical properties were measured with absorption and emission spectroscopy. Relaxometric studies involved NMRD profile measurements at various magnetic fields. Cell culture imaging used confocal microscopy with 405 nm excitation, and viability was assessed via MTT assay. Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Data were analyzed using theoretical fitting of NMRD profiles, luminescence decay fitting for water coordination number calculation, and statistical analysis of MTT assay results.
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Bruker Avance spectrometer
300 and 400
Bruker
Recording 1H and 13C NMR spectra
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Bruker S2 Picofox
S2 Picofox
Bruker
TXRF measurements
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Minispec mq20
mq20
Bruker
Measuring relaxation rates
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Minispec mq60
mq60
Bruker
Measuring relaxation rates
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Bruker Avance spectrometer
300 and 500
Bruker
Measuring relaxation rates
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Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope
FV1000
Olympus
Confocal imaging
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Thermo Finnigan LCQ Advantage mass spectrometer
LCQ Advantage
Thermo Finnigan
Obtaining mass spectra
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Stelar Spinmaster FFC
Spinmaster FFC
Stelar
Measuring proton NMRD profiles
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BIC multiangle laser light scattering system
Brookhaven Instruments Corporation
DLS measurements
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Tecan Safire2 plate reader
Safire2
Tecan Group
Reading absorbance in MTT assay
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Tween 80
Sigma-Aldrich or similar
Surfactant in micelle formation
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DPPC
Phospholipid in micelle formation
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