研究目的
To develop a light-driven swimmer at the liquid/air interface with on-demand control of motion, addressing issues like fuel dependence, motion control difficulty, and high temperature in conventional devices.
研究成果
The photo-driven bilayer swimmer demonstrates fast, reversible, and controllable motion at room temperature, mimicking dolphin-like movement. It offers advantages such as no fuel requirement, precise on-demand control, and potential for miniaturized transportation applications. Future work should focus on optimizing design for higher efficiency and exploring biocompatible uses.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific liquid mixtures (ethanol/water) and may not generalize to all liquids; mechanical properties and reversibility could be optimized further. Theoretical proofs for some relationships (e.g., light intensity vs. deformation) are needed. Applications in biosystems require further biocompatibility testing.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A bimorph composite structure was designed using a photoresponsive liquid-crystalline polymer network (LCN) containing azobenzene and a Kapton polyimide layer. The rationale was to leverage photoinduced deformation for motion control without fuel or high temperatures. Theoretical models for motion were referenced in supporting information.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples were fabricated by combining LCN and Kapton layers, with specific thicknesses (LCN:
3：3 μm, Kapton:
14.8 μm). Rectangular strips (e.g., 2.0 cm × 2.0 mm) and squares (8.0 mm × 8.0 mm) were cut for testing. Data on deformation, force, and motion were collected under UV irradiation.
4：8 μm). Rectangular strips (e.g., 0 cm × 0 mm) and squares (0 mm × 0 mm) were cut for testing. Data on deformation, force, and motion were collected under UV irradiation.
List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Materials included azobenzene-containing LCN, Kapton polyimide film, ethanol/water mixture (50% volume ratio). Equipment included a UV light source (intensities 50-150 mW/cm2), tensile test machine for force measurement, scanning electron microscope (SEM) for cross-section imaging, optical microscope for in-situ observation, and infrared imaging for temperature monitoring.
5：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Films were irradiated with UV light (square wave, 0.1 Hz frequency) from the LCN side. Bending deformation and force generation were measured. For swimming tests, films were placed on liquid surfaces, and motion was induced and controlled by varying light intensity and irradiation site. Rotation was achieved by changing strip dimensions and light position.
6：1 Hz frequency) from the LCN side. Bending deformation and force generation were measured. For swimming tests, films were placed on liquid surfaces, and motion was induced and controlled by varying light intensity and irradiation site. Rotation was achieved by changing strip dimensions and light position.
Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Displacement and velocity were measured and fitted to models described in supporting information. Statistical analysis of deformation angles and forces was performed, and temperature changes were monitored to exclude photothermal effects.
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