研究目的
To design and simulate an all-optical 4 × 2 encoder based on two-dimensional photonic crystals with a simple structure, small size, low time delay, and high contrast ratio for use in optical integrated circuits.
研究成果
The proposed all-optical 4 × 2 encoder based on 2D photonic crystals achieves a small size, low delay time (<0.1 ps), and high contrast ratio (16.5 dB), making it suitable for high-speed optical integrated circuits. The design avoids ring resonators, reducing complexity and improving performance. Future work could focus on experimental fabrication and testing to validate the simulations.
研究不足
The study is based on simulations and does not include experimental validation. The performance may be affected by manufacturing imperfections in real photonic crystals. The wavelength range for optimal operation is limited to around 1.55 μm, with reduced efficiency outside this range. The structure's simplicity might limit scalability or integration with other optical components.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involves designing a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure with a triangular lattice using dielectric rods in air. The design utilizes defect paths (line and point defects) to guide light waves for encoder functionality, avoiding ring resonators to reduce size and delay. Simulation methods include Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) for band structure calculations and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods for optical power distribution analysis.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The photonic crystal structure is composed of dielectric rods with a refractive index of 3.4 arranged in air. Parameters include a lattice constant of 0.64 μm, rod radius of 0.128 μm, and structure size of 132.7 μm2. Light sources are coherent with a wavelength of 1.55 μm.
3：4 arranged in air. Parameters include a lattice constant of 64 μm, rod radius of 128 μm, and structure size of 7 μm2. Light sources are coherent with a wavelength of 55 μm.
List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Dielectric rods (refractive index 3.4), air background, coherent light sources. Specific equipment models or brands are not mentioned.
4：4), air background, coherent light sources. Specific equipment models or brands are not mentioned.
Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: The band structure is calculated using PWE to identify the photonic band gap. Defects are created by removing or modifying rods to form paths for light propagation. Simulations are conducted for different input states (I0 to I3) to analyze optical power distribution, delay time, and contrast ratio.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Normalized optical power is measured at outputs, delay time is calculated from time-domain simulations, and contrast ratio is computed using CR = 10 log(P1/P0). Wavelength dependence is analyzed around 1.55 μm.
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