研究目的
To present a simple and efficient mathematical model for designing hemispherical dielectric lens antennas, determining construction parameters based on lens material, desired gain, and operational frequency.
研究成果
The proposed mathematical model effectively designs hemispherical dielectric lens antennas, validated through simulations and experiments. It provides adequate equations for various frequencies and materials, with good agreement between theoretical and practical results. Future work could explore broader material sets and optimize for reduced resonance effects.
研究不足
The model assumes ideal conditions and may not account for all real-world variations. Resonance effects can occur with smaller lens diameters, and the analysis is limited to specific materials and frequencies. Practical setups involve materials with inherent losses that could affect performance.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The methodology involves developing analytical models for focal length and gain of hemispherical dielectric lens antennas, validated through full-wave numerical simulations using HFSS software and practical experiments. Theoretical models are based on geometric optics and aperture antenna concepts.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Simulations are conducted for frequencies (e.g., 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 60 GHz) and lens diameters (e.g., 4λ0, 6λ0) using materials like PTFE (εr=2.2), HIPS (εr=2.6), and Rexolite (εr=2.53). A microstrip antenna is used as the illuminator.
3：2), HIPS (εr=6), and Rexolite (εr=53). A microstrip antenna is used as the illuminator.
List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: HFSS software for simulations, materials including polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), Rexolite, and a microstrip antenna. For practical validation, a prototype is built with PTFE lens, wooden base, and ABS supports.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Numerical simulations analyze electric field collimation, gain, and resonance effects. Practical experiments measure reflection coefficient (S11) and radiation pattern using a constructed prototype.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data is analyzed using finite element method (FEM) in HFSS for simulations. Gain and directivity are calculated using derived equations, and results are compared between theoretical, simulated, and experimental values.
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