1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved fabricating Fe(III)/Bi2MoO6 with surface oxygen vacancies (F/BMO-SOVs) via a calcination process combined with impregnation to enhance photocatalytic activity. Theoretical models included density functional theory (DFT) for band structure analysis.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples included pure Bi2MoO6 (BMO), BMO with surface oxygen vacancies (BMO-SOVs), Fe(III)/BMO (F/BMO), and F/BMO-SOVs with varying Fe(III) molar ratios (5% to 25%). Phenol was used as the model pollutant.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included XRD (Shimadzu XRD-7000), XPS (PHI-5400), FE-SEM (JSM-6700F), HRTEM (JEM-2100), EPR (JEOL ES-ED3X and Bruker ESR JES-FA200), Raman spectrometer (Horiba Jobin-Yvon LabRam HR800), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-2550), PL and TR-PL spectrophotometer (Horiba FLTCSPC), electrochemical analyzer (CHI660D), TOC analyzer (VARIO, Elementar), and a 400W halogen lamp with a 420 nm cut-off filter. Materials included Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, Na2MoO4·2H2O, ethylene glycol, ethanol, Fe(NO3)3, and phenol.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

BMO was synthesized solvothermally, calcined to introduce SOVs, then impregnated with Fe(III) clusters. Photocatalytic activity was assessed by degrading phenol under visible light, with samples taken at intervals for analysis using UV-Vis and TOC measurements. Characterization involved XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, EPR, Raman, UV-Vis DRS, PL, TR-PL, photocurrent, and EIS.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using pseudo-first-order kinetics for degradation rates, Kubelka-Munk equation for band gap calculation, and DFT for electronic structure simulations.