研究目的
Investigating the photocatalytic applications of ZnS and S-rGO/ZnS nanocomposite for the decontamination and disinfection of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) and real dairy wastewater.
研究成果
The S-rGO/ZnS nanocomposite demonstrated superior photocatalytic activity with 99.3% degradation of 2-CP under solar light and high antimicrobial potential in dairy wastewater treatment. The heterojunction between S-rGO and ZnS facilitated better electron-hole separation, enhancing efficiency. The catalyst showed good stability and reusability, making it a promising candidate for wastewater purification applications, including degradation of organic pollutants and disinfection.
研究不足
The study mentions that the stability and reusability of S-rGO/ZnS were tested for up to 3 cycles, with degradation efficiency dropping to 80% after the third cycle, indicating potential degradation or loss of catalytic activity over repeated use. Additionally, the light intensity varied during experiments (12.19 mW/cm2 to 6.06 mW/cm2), which might affect reproducibility. The XRD analysis did not show diffraction peaks for carbon species in S-rGO/ZnS, possibly due to low content or overlapping peaks, which could limit precise structural characterization.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A facile one-pot hydrothermal method was used for the synthesis of S-rGO/ZnS nanocomposite. The photocatalytic efficiency was evaluated under solar light irradiation with continuous aeration. The methodology included characterization techniques such as XRD, SEM, PL spectroscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy to analyze the physico-chemical properties.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included synthesized ZnS and S-rGO/ZnS nanocomposites, 2-CP model pollutant solutions (50 mg/L concentration), and real dairy wastewater collected from a dairy industry in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included XRD (Bruker AXS-D8), FE-SEM (QUANTAFEG 250), PL spectroscopy (RF-5301), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Varian Cary 100 Scan), HACH UV-vis spectrophotometer (LANGE DR-6000), hydrothermal reactor, and glass reactors. Materials included sodium hydroxide, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, sodium sulfite, natural graphite flake, zinc acetate, Na2S, 2-chlorophenol, deionized water, acetone, ethanol, and BaSO4 as reference material.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Synthesis involved mixing GO with zinc acetate, adding Na2S, hydrothermal treatment at 140°C for 16 h, filtering, washing, and drying. Photocatalytic experiments involved dispersing catalyst in 2-CP solution or dairy wastewater, dark adsorption, exposure to sunlight, sampling at intervals, and analysis using spectrophotometry and plate count methods. Reusability tests involved centrifugation, washing, and drying of spent catalyst for multiple cycles.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data analysis included fitting degradation data to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model for pseudo-first order kinetics, measuring optical density and plate counts for antimicrobial activity, and using statistical techniques for characterization data interpretation.
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