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- 实验方案
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Morphology Phase Diagram of Slot‐Die Printed TiO <sub/>2</sub> Films Based on Sol–Gel Synthesis
摘要： Mesoporous titania films with tailored nanostructures are fabricated via slot-die printing, which is a simple and cost-effective thin-film deposition technique with the possibility of a large-scale manufacturing. Based on this technique, which is favorable in industry, TiO2 films possess the similar advantage with polymer semiconducting devices like ease of large-scale production. The titania morphologies, including foam-like nanostructures, nanowire aggregates, collapsed vesicles and nanogranules, are achieved via a so-called block-copolymer-assisted sol–gel synthesis. By adjusting the weight fraction of reactants, the ternary morphology phase diagram of the printed titania films is probed after template removal. The surface and inner morphology evolutions are explored with scanning electron microscopy and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, respectively. Special focus is set on foam-like titania nanostructures as they are of especial interest for, e.g., solar cell applications. At a low weight fraction of the titania precursor titanium(IV)isopropoxide (TTIP), foam-like titania films are achieved, which exhibit a high uniformity and possess large pore sizes. The anatase phase of the highly crystalline titania films is verified with X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.
关键词： TiO2 films,crystallinity,morphology phase diagram,printing,GISAXS
更新于2025-11-21 11:20:42
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Color Reproduction Accuracy Promotion of 3D-Printed Surfaces Based on Microscopic Image Analysis
摘要： Full-color 3D printing technology is a powerful process to manufacture intelligent customized colorful objects with improved surface qualities; however, poor surface color optimization methods are the main impeding factors for its commercialization. As such, the paper explored the correlation between microstructure and color reproduction, then an assessment and prediction method of color optimization based on microscopic image analysis was proposed. The experimental models were divided into 24-color plates and 4-color cubes printed by ProJet 860 3D printer, then impregnated according to preset parameters, at last measured by a spectrophotometer and observed using both a digital microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The results revealed that the samples manifested higher saturation and smaller chromatic aberration (ΔE) after post-processing. Moreover, the brightness of the same color surface increased with the increasing soaked surface roughness. Further, reduction in surface roughness, impregnation into surface pores, and enhancement of coating transparency effectively improved the accuracy of color reproduction, which could be verified by the measured values. Finally, the chromatic aberration caused by positioning errors on different faces of the samples was optimized, and the value of ΔE for a black cube was reduced from 8.12 to 0.82, which is undetectable to human eyes.
关键词： Structural characterisation,Impregnating process,Scanning electron microscope,Image analysis,Color optimization,Full-color printing
更新于2025-11-21 11:18:25
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A novel near-infrared light responsive 4D printed nanoarchitecture with dynamically and remotely controllable transformation
摘要： Four-dimensional (4D) printing is an emerging and highly innovative additive manufacturing process by which to fabricate pre-designed, self-assembly structures with the ability to transform over time. However, one of the critical challenges of 4D printing is the lack of advanced 4D printing systems that not only meet all the essential requirements of shape change but also possess smart, dynamic capabilities to spatiotemporally and instantly control the shape-transformation process. Here, we present a facile 4D printing platform which incorporates nanomaterials into the conventional stimuli-responsive polymer, allowing the 4D printed object to achieve a dynamic and remote controlled, on-time and position shape transformation. A proof-of-concept 4D printed brain model was created using near-infrared light (NIR) responsive nanocomposite to evaluate the capacity for controllable 4D transformation, and the feasibility of photothermal stimulation for modulating neural stem cell behaviors. This novel 4D printing strategy can not only be used to create dynamic 3D patterned biological structures that can spatiotemporally control their shapes or behaviors of transformation under a human benign stimulus (NIR), but can also provide a potential method for building complex self-morphing objects for widespread applications.
关键词： brain,4D printing,dynamically and remotely controllable,neural stem cell,near-infrared light responsive,graphene
更新于2025-11-21 11:08:12
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3D laser scanning and digital restoration of an archaeological find
摘要： The current paper demonstrates the digital recreation and 3D printing of a missing fragment of an ancient ceramic pottery following digitization using a three dimensional laser scanning. The resulting point-cloud of the laser scans was treated with a series of advanced software for the creation of surfaces and ultimately for a digital model. An analytical methodology is presented revealing the step by step approach, which is an innovative way of recreating a missing fragment. Such approach aims to demonstrate the level of contribution that the ever evolving computer based technologies and 3D printing could bring to cultural heritage. The reverse engineering method presented for the reconstruction of a ceramic pottery, which is a part of the larger field of digital archaeology, is believed to benefit a variety of interested parties including 3D CAD users and designers, archaeologists and museum curators.
关键词： 3D printing,archaeological find,reverse engineering,digital restoration,3D laser scanning
更新于2025-11-21 11:01:37
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Broad-Spectrum Tunable Photoluminescent Material Based on Cascade Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer between Three Fluorophores Encapsulated within the Self-Assembled Surfactant Systems
摘要： A broad spectrum tunable photoluminescent material with dual encryption based on a two-step Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) between Pyrene (Py), Coumarin480 (Cou480) and Rhodamine6G (R6G) in micelles of SDS and bmimDS is presented. The phenomenon is achievable due to the encapsulation of the fluorophores within these micelles. The transfer of energy as FRET between the pair Py and Cou480 showed ON at 336 nm and OFF at 402 nm in contrast to the FRET observed between the pair Cou480 and R6G that showed ON at 402nm and OFF at 336 nm. However, the transfer of energy as FRET occurs from Py to R6G in the presence of Cou480 when excited at 336 nm, thereby making it a chain of three fluorophores with Cou480 acting as a relay fluorophore receiving energy from Py and transferring it to R6G. The different FRET scenarios between the three fluorophores in micelles provide a window for the generation of a matrix of colors, which occupies a significant 2D area in the chromaticity diagram, having potential applications in security printing. The different fluorophoric ratios generate different colors based on their individual photonic emissions and the FRET processes taking place between them. Writing tests were carried out using varied ratios of the fluorophores in the micellar systems producing different colored outputs under the UV light with insignificant visibility under the white light. We envision that this as-discovered three fluorophoric FRET system could form the basis for the future development of multi-FRET light-harvesting devices and anti-counterfeiting security inks based on much simpler non-covalent interaction aided encapsulation of the fluorophores within the self-assembled soft systems.
关键词： micelles,security printing,Rhodamine6G (R6G),SDS,Pyrene (Py),Coumarin480 (Cou480),bmimDS,Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET),photoluminescent material
更新于2025-11-19 16:46:39
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A Facile Approach for Fabricating Microstructured Surface Based on Etched Template by Inkjet Printing Technology
摘要： Microstructures are playing an important role in manufacturing functional devices, due to their unique properties, such as wettability or ?exibility. Recently, various microstructured surfaces have been fabricated to realize functional applications. To achieve the applications, photolithography or printing technology is utilized to produce the microstructures. However, these methods require preparing templates or masks, which are usually complex and expensive. Herein, a facile approach for fabricating microstructured surfaces was studied based on etched template by inkjet printing technology. Precured polydimethylsiloxane substrate was etched by inkjet printing water-soluble polyacrylic acid solution. Then, the polydimethylsiloxane substrate was cured and rinsed, which could be directly used as template for fabricating microstructured surfaces. Surfaces with raised dots, lines, and squares, were facilely obtained using the etched templates by inkjet printing technology. Furthermore, controllable anisotropic wettability was exhibited on the raised line microstructured surface. This work provides a ?exible and scalable way to fabricate various microstructured surfaces. It would bring about excellent performance, which could ?nd numerous applications in optoelectronic devices, biological chips, microreactors, wearable products, and related ?elds.
关键词： inkjet printing,microstructured surface,anisotropic wettability,etched template
更新于2025-11-14 15:27:09
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High-Mobility Inkjet-Printed Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide Thin-Film Transistors Using Sr-Doped Al2O3 Gate Dielectric
摘要： In this paper, we demonstrate high-mobility inkjet-printed indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) using a solution-processed Sr-doped Al2O3 (SAO) gate dielectric. Particularly, to enhance to the electrical properties of inkjet-printed IGZO TFTs, a linear-type printing pattern was adopted for printing the IGZO channel layer. Compared to dot array printing patterns (4 × 4 and 5 × 5 dot arrays), the linear-type pattern resulted in the formation of a relatively thin and uniform IGZO channel layer. Also, to improve the subthreshold characteristics and low-voltage operation of the device, a high-k and thin (~10 nm) SAO film was used as the gate dielectric layer. Compared to the devices with SiO2 gate dielectric, the inkjet-printed IGZO TFTs with SAO gate dielectric exhibited substantially high field-effect mobility (30.7 cm2/Vs). Moreover, the subthreshold slope and total trap density of states were also significantly reduced to 0.14 V/decade and 8.4 × 1011/cm2·eV, respectively.
关键词： metal-oxide semiconductors,thin-film transistors,high-k dielectric,high mobility,inkjet printing
更新于2025-11-14 15:19:41
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Stepped Annealed Inkjet-Printed InGaZnO Thin-Film Transistors
摘要： The preparation of thin-film transistors (TFTs) using ink-jet printing technology can reduce the complexity and material wastage of traditional TFT fabrication technologies. We prepared channel inks suitable for printing with different molar ratios of their constituent elements. Through the spin-coated and etching method, two different types of TFTs designated as depletion and enhancement mode were obtained simply by controlling the molar ratios of the InGaZnO channel elements. To overcome the problem of patterned films being prone to fracture during high-temperature annealing, a stepped annealing method is proposed to remove organic molecules from the channel layer and to improve the properties of the patterned films. The different interfaces between the insulation layers, channel layers, and drain/source electrodes were processed by argon plasma. This was done to improve the printing accuracy of the patterned InGaZnO channel layers, drain, and source electrodes, as well as to optimize the printing thickness of channel layers, reduce the defect density, and, ultimately, enhance the electrical performance of printed TFT devices.
关键词： thin-film transistor,annealing,plasma treatment,ink-jet printing
更新于2025-10-24 16:37:46
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Effect of H?SO? Solution Treating on the Adhesion, Charge Transfer and Catalytic Performance of Screen‐Printed PEDOT:PSS
摘要： Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films screen-printed on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates, to improve their charge transfer efficiency. Different H2SO4 solutions including concentrated H2SO4 and H2SO4 diluted with H2O or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were adopted during the post-treatment. The adhesion of the as-treated films was evaluated by adhesive tape peeling tests, the surface morphology and vertical charge transfer from the films to the substrates were investigated by current-sensing atomic force microscopy, and the catalytic activities toward I3- reduction of PEDOT:PSS films were characterized via electrochemical measurements. It is discovered that selecting proper H2SO4 solutions is crucial to improve the charge transfer efficiency and catalytic performance while maintaining the reliable adhesion of the film on the substrates, and H2SO4/DMSO performs best as the solution for post-treatment. A schematic mechanism was proposed based on different interactions among solution, PEDOT:PSS and the substrate in the case of various post-treatment solutions.
关键词： charge transfer,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate),screen printing,catalysis,post-treatment
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Melt Electrowriting of Electroactive Poly(vinylidene difluoride) Fibers
摘要： Poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) has piezoelectric properties suitable for numerous applications such as flexible electronics, sensing and biomedical materials. In this study, individual fibers with diameters ranging from 17-55 μm were processed using melt electrowriting (MEW). Electroactive PVDF fibers can be fabricated via MEW, while the polymer could remain molten for up to ten hours without noticeable changes in the resulting fiber diameter. MEW processing parameters for PVDF were investigated, including applied voltage, pressure and temperature. A rapid fiber characterization methodology for MEW that automatically determines the fiber diameters from camera images taken of microscope slides was developed and validated. The outputs from this approach followed previous MEW processing trends already identified with different polymers, although overestimation of the < 25 micron fiber diameters was observed. The transformation of the PVDF crystalline phase to the electroactive β-phase – without poling – was confirmed using piezo-force microscopy and revealed that the PVDF fibers possess piezoelectric responses showing d33~19 pm/V.
关键词： melt electrospinning writing,piezoelectric,electrohydrodynamic,piezoresponse force microscopy,3D printing
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52