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Highly efficient flexible organic light-emitting diodes based on a high-temperature durable mica substrate
摘要： Muscovite mica is expected to show great potential in flexible optoelectronics due to its superb temperature tolerance, high transmittance, chemical stability, and mechanical durability. This flexible substrate produces sputtered transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) with excellent film quality with high transmittance and conductivity. In this study, a designed composite TCE consisting of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) and indium tin oxide (ITO) is proposed to simultaneously maximize flexibility and conductivity. Blue-, green-, and red-emitting flexible organic light-emitting diodes (FOLEDs) using composite TCEs on mica exhibited satisfactory performance with maximum respective electroluminescence efficiencies of 18.1% (38.7 cd/A), 18.7% (66.2 cd/A), and 13.3% (22.2 cd/A). Furthermore, the green-emitting FOLEDs were modified to construct tandem FOLEDs, giving a higher peak efficiency of 27.9% (93.3 cd/A) and saturated green emission. These results can serve as a useful reference for future work on composite TCEs on mica for FOLEDs in display and lighting applications.
关键词： Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs),Flexible,Tandem,Indium tin oxide (ITO),Muscovite mica,Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Spinel oxide ZnCr2O4 incorporated with ZnS quantum dots for application on visible light driven photocatalyst Azo dye degradation
摘要： Azo dyes, a kind of synthetic dye stuff, have a wide range of applications in textile, leather, food and printing industries, but it causes adverse health effects to human beings and to the ecosystem. Herein, we report the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye, by using ZnS/ZnCr2O4 nanohybrid sample. The samples were prepared by simple precipitation process and characterized in order to investigate its crystallinity, morphology, functional group, photophysical properties, elemental composition and mapping. The amino acid capped ZnS/ZnCr2O4 nanohybrid show enhanced photocatalytic properties in the photodegradation of azo dye, compared to that of bare ZnS QDs and ZnCr2O4 nanoparticles. The nanohybrid remain unaffected after four cycles of azo dye degradation. The enhanced performance might be due to the formation of interface between ZnS QDs and ZnCr2O4 nanoparticles. The methionine capped ZnS/ZnCr2O4 nanohybrid provide a new hope to develop an efficient and commercializable photocatalyst with improved efficiency.
关键词： Azo dye,Quantum dots,Photocatalytic activity,Spinel oxide
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Photovoltaic properties of low-damage magnetron-sputtered n-type ZnO thin film/p-type Cu2O sheet heterojunction solar cells
摘要： The photovoltaic properties of Cu2O-based heterojunction solar cells were improved using an n-type layer composed of thin films in a binary oxide semiconductor. This layer was prepared by a low-damage deposition method that applies a system for multi-chamber radio frequency (r.f.) power superimposed direct current (d.c.) magnetron sputtering. For an Al-doped ZnO (AZO)/n-ZnO/p-Cu2O heterojunction solar cell prepared using r.f. power superimposed d.c magnetron sputtering, we achieved the highest efficiency yet reported (3.22%) by optimizing sputtering conditions such as the substrate-target distance and the r.f.:d.c. power ratio. This value represents characteristics that exceed those of AZO/Cu2O solar cells having a similar structure based on r.f. power superimposed d.c magnetron sputtering.
关键词： ZnO,Oxide thin film,Cu2O,Magnetron sputtering,AZO,Solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Electrical and photoresponse characteristics of 8-(1H-indol-3-ylazo)-naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid/n-Si photodiode
摘要： In this paper, of primary interest is to synthesis 8-(1H-indol-3-ylazo)-naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid (INSA) and to evaluate the main parameters of Au/INSA/n-Si/Al diode in dark and under illumination. Different techniques are used for interpreting the proposed INSA chemical structure. The dark current-voltage measurements were achieved in the temperature range of 293?413 K. It is noticed that INSA films modify the interfacial barrier height of classical Au/n-Si junction. At low applied voltages, the I–V relation shows exponential behavior. The values ideality factor, n, and the barrier height, ?, are improved by heating. The abnormal trend of n and ? is discussed, and a homogenous barrier height of 1.45 eV is evaluated. The series resistance is also calculated using Norde’s function and it changes inversely with temperature. The space charge limited current ruled with exponential trap distribution dominates at relatively high potentials, trap concentration and carriers mobility are extracted. The reverse current of the diode has illumination intensity dependence with a good photosensitivity indicating that the device is promising for photodiode applications.
关键词： Diode parameters,Photodiodes,Conduction mechanism,Azo compounds
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Photovoltaic Properties of an rGO/Pt Counter Electrode with AZO Photoanode for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells under Low Light Intensity
摘要： This study used reduced graphene oxide (rGO) applied to a platinum (Pt) counter electrode to improve light conversion efficiency. The study also used an Al-doped Zinc Oxide (AZO) nanosheet / TiO2 photoanode for the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Photovoltaic characteristics, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze DSSC. The different light intensities and photovoltaic characteristics were analyzed to determine optimal light intensity conditions. The unmodified Pt counter electrode was compared with the rGO/Pt counter electrode, photovoltaic conversion efficiency (η) increased from 3.60% to 4.04% due to the rGO modification as it possesses a higher specific surface area. Its low cost also makes it suitable for mass production. In addition, an AZO nanosheet / TiO2 photoanode was fabricated to form a double-layer structure in which photovoltaic conversion efficiency was 4.47 %. Finally, a DSSC with an AZO / TiO2 photoanode and rGO/Pt counter electrode was fabricated and had an photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 5.05 %. This study also analyzed the photovoltaic parameters of DSSC under different intensities, which shows the optimal photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 5.54% under 30mW / cm2.
关键词： photovoltaic conversion efficiency,low light intensity,Al-doped Zinc Oxide (AZO),hydrothermal synthesis,Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC),reduced graphene oxide (rGO)
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Effect of Al-doped ZnO for Electron Transporting Layer in Planar Perovskite solar cells
摘要： Perovskite based solar cells have attracted the photovoltaic industry as storm due to their impressive efficiency, from under 4% in 2009 to over 20% in 2017. This work presents zinc oxide (ZnO) adopted as an electron transport material (ETM) layer in the planar perovskite solar cells due to its simple synthesis and excellent electrical properties. ZnO ETM in conventional perovskite solar cells shows the lower efficiency since ZnO will react with the organic cation (CH3NH3+) of perovskite. Extrinsically doping a small amount of Aluminium (Al) with ZnO (AZO) was used to improve the physicochemical properties of ZnO. The AZO ETM was prepared by spin coating technique with AZO sol-gel at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 at% Al doping. Compared to the ZnO ETM based perovskite cell, the cell based on AZO ETM shows the highest Voc and Jsc. The perovskite cell with AZO ETM above 1.5 at% Al doping exhibits better and stable the performance cells because doing so can encourage the charge transporting and match the band energy with MAPbI3 compared to pure ZnO.
关键词： electron transporting layer,AZO,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide/Titanium Dioxide Photoanodes in Parallel
摘要： In this study, both zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanosheets were deposited by hydrothermal growth on ?uorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass. After a photoanode was added to ZnO nanorods or AZO nanosheets, the photovoltaic conversion e?ciency (PCE) increased due to improved electron transport and enhanced dye absorption. The improvement in electron transport was veri?ed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the increase in dye absorption was veri?ed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Both of these factors facilitated an increase in PCE. Parameters for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using ZnO nanorods/TiO2 and AZO nanosheets/TiO2 photoanodes were tested and the results were recorded using EIS. The results indicated that the addition of the ZnO nanorods increased the short-circuit current density (Jsc) from 9.07 mA/cm2 to 10.91 mA/cm2, the open circuit voltage (Voc) from 0.68 V to 0.70 V, and the PCE from 3.70% to 4.73%, respectively. When the DSSCs were produced in a parallel silver-grid device, the results showed that PCE could be increased from 3.67% to 4.04% due to the reduction in connection resistance.
关键词： titanium dioxide (TiO2),dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs),parallel connection,aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Benzothiazole pyrazole containing emissive azo dyes decorated with ESIPT core: Linear and non linear optical properties, Z scan, optical limiting, laser damage threshold with comparative DFT studies
摘要： Positional isomers of "benzothiazoles-pyrazole based azo dyes containing separate with ESIPT core" are analyzed for their "linear and non-linear optical (NLO)" properties. Dyes are emissive in ACN having Stokes shift in the range of 75 nm. Spectroscopic properties are further utilized to calculate band gap by CV. Band gap obtained by DFT and cyclic voltammetry (CV) are in good agreement with each other. Vertical excitation in six different functionals is compared with experimental absorption maxima. Non-linear absorptive coef?cient (b), nonlinear refractive index (?2), third-order non-linear optical suscep- tibility (c3) and optical limiting (OL) in acetone, ethanol and DMSO are obtained using Z-scan technique and results are appreciable than previously reported dyes. Satisfactory laser damage threshold (LDT) values are in the range of 7.9e9.7 (cid:1) 1013 W/m2. TGA study indicates that these compounds are useful in several high-temperature processes in the construction of electronic and optical devices. The geometry of the dyes are optimized at "B3LYP/6-311 t G (d,p) level". "Molecular Electrostatic Potential" (MEP), "Frontier Molecular Orbitals" (FMO) are presented using "Density Functional Theory (DFT)" to gain structural insights. Relatively new electrophilicity descriptor- "Hyperhardness" for both the molecules are calculated which suggests the stability of molecules. Global hybrid (GH) functional (B3LYP, BHandHLYP) and range separated hybrid (RSH) (CAM-B3LYP, uB97, uB97X, and uB97XD) functional are used to calculate linear and NLO properties. uB97 is a more suitable functional observed for determining bo and g. Direct relation in-between "dipole moment" (m) and "linear polarizability" (a) is also presented. These dyes can emerge as attractive NLOphores in optoelectronic applications.
关键词： ESIPT,NLO,Z-scan,LDT,DFT,Emissive azo dyes,Benzothiazole-pyrazole
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Synthesis and investigation of double alternating azo group in novel para-azo dyes containing nitro anchoring group for solar cell application
摘要： To study the effect of Thiazole (as a heterocycle with donation group) in DSSCs, sample A was made without heterocycle, samples B and C contain one Thiazole and various donor group but sample D had two Thiazole group. Moreover, the effects of a double Azo group, and increasing the length of π-conjugation by reducing band gap trough heterocycle rings (donor-donor-π-acceptor system) and Nitro anchoring group were investigated. Nitro groups disappeared in IR at about 1340 and 1598 cm-1 which indicates that dyes successfully connected on TiO2. UV-vis and DRS analysis was studied in visible region that showed Red-shifts for the samples. The HOMO values obtained from the CV tests were calculated between -5.03 to 5.13 eV. The results show that D sample was better than others, showing a 0.5 V increase in its open-circuit voltage in the IV analysis. From the Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Rct value for D cell was measured to be 73.35 KΩ, which is bigger than the other samples, and in line with I-V analysis results.
关键词： DSSC,Nitro anchoring group,Para-azo dyes,Solar cell application
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Study on the electrical, optical, structural, and morphological properties of highly transparent and conductive AZO thin films prepared near room temperature
摘要： A correlation study between the microstructural, electrical, optical, and morphological properties of the highly transparent and conductive Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films of varying thickness deposited by 3D confined DC magnetron sputtering is reported. Incorporating a high-density plasma environment as indicated by plasma diagnostic it was possible to fabricate AZO films of resistivity as low as ~ 5.2×10-4 Ωcm and the maximum transmittance ~ 89 % with well crystalline structured and smooth morphology at low-temperature. Correlation among the film properties reveals the possibility of filling the Zn atom in the Zn vacancy could be responsible for preparing AZO thin film with improved microstructure and high enrichment of carrier mobility and concentration.
关键词： AZO film,3-D confined magnetron sputtering,Transparent conducting oxide (TCO),Plasma processing
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36