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- 实验方案
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An Ultravioleta??Deposited MoO <sub/>3</sub> Film as Anode Interlayer for Higha??Performance Polymer Solar Cells
摘要： An ultraviolet-deposited MoO3 film is developed as anode interlayer based on molybdenum(V) chloride as precursor. The ultraviolet-deposited MoO3 film is prepared from the precursor film (spin coated from its solution) with ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and the preparation process of the MoO3 film is facile, low cost, and compatible with mass production and flexible substrate. The composition of the MoO3 film is analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The work function as well as the surface morphology and wettability of indium tin oxide (ITO) modified by the MoO3 film are investigated by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and contact angle tester, respectively, where the analyses show the ITO modified by the MoO3 anode interlayer can offer excellent energy level alignment and interface contact with active layer. The photovoltaic performance of nonfullerene polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on the MoO3 anode interlayer is researched with typical and relatively low-cost PBDB-T:ITIC as active layer, and the ITO/MoO3-based device shows the highest power conversion efficiency of 9.27% compared with the bare ITO-based device (3.69%) and the ITO/PEDOT:PSS-based device (9.15%). The results demonstrate the great potential of the ultraviolet-deposited MoO3 film as anode interlayer for high-performance PSCs.
关键词： ultraviolet irradiation,photovoltaic performance,MoO3 film,polymer solar cells,anode interlayer
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Stable Lithium Deposition Enabled by Acid-Treated g-C3N4 Interface Layer for Lithium Metal Anode
摘要： Li metal has been regarded as one of the most promising anode candidates for high-energy rechargeable lithium batteries. Nevertheless, the practical applications of Li anode have been hampered because of its low coulombic efficiency and safety hazards. Here, acid-treated g-C3N4 with O- and N-containing groups is coated on Li foil through a facile physical pressing method. The O- and N-containing groups cooperate to rearrange the concentration of Li ions and enhance the Li ion transfer. Hence, the cycle and rate performances of acid-treated g-C3N4 coated Li electrodes are greatly improved in symmetric cells, which shows a stable cycling over 400 h at 1 mA cm-2 in ester-based electrolyte and over 2100 h in ether-based electrolyte. As for the Li//LiFePO4 full cells, there is a high capacity retention of 80% over 400 cycles at 1 C. The full cells of Li//S in ether-based electrolyte also exhibit a capacity of 520 mA h g-1 after 400 cycles at 1 C.
关键词： O-containing groups,Artificial protection layer,Li dendrites,Li metal anode,N-containing groups
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Red, green and blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with ITO-free anode material
摘要： The non-productive hole-current from blue, green and red phosphorescent OLEDs was reduced by employing silver nanoparticles embedded glass:Ni-Ag-codoped ZnO (SNSZO) anode and enhanced the efficiencies. The blue device using SNSZO: Ir(fdbdi)3 exhibit maximum luminance (L) of 42683 cd/m2, current efficiency (ηc) of 43.6 cd/A and power efficiency (ηp) of 45.3 lm W-1 with external quantum efficiency (ηex) of 20.2 % than ITO: Ir(fdbdi)3 based device [L- 35126 cd/m2; ηc - 38.4 cd/A; ηp - 37.3 lm w-1; ηex -15.1 %]. The green device with SNSZO: Ir(mnmpdi)2(acac) show intensified emission at 520 nm and exhibit higher efficiency; L - 47238 cd/m2, ηc -50.9 cd/A, ηp - 49.3 lm w-1 and ηex - 18.9 % [ITO: Ir(mnmpdi)2(acac): L- 39326 cd/m2; ηc-46.0 cd/A; ηp -39.3 lm w-1; ηex -13.8 %]. The red device (620 nm) with SNSZO: Ir(mnpbi)2(acac) show L - 9058 cd/m2, ηc - 8.3 cd/A, ηp -6.4 lm w-1 and ηex - 12.2 % [ITO: Ir(mnpbi)2(acac): L- 7632 cd/m2; ηc -4.1 cd/A; ηp -6.40 lm w-1; ηex -6.0 %]. The proposed OLEDs with SNSZO anode shows excellent efficiencies than ITO and providing alternate for high-performance OLEDs and other optoelectronic devices.
关键词： maximum efficiencies,Glass: Ni-Ag-codoped ZnO interface,surface Plasmon.,anode material
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO) - Zhenjiang, China (2019.8.4-2019.8.8)] 2019 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO) - The Enhanced Light Extraction Top-emitting Organic Light-emitting Diode Based on Metallic Grating Anode
摘要： The performance of optical light out-coupling of Top-emitting organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is mainly suppressed by surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) on the interface between metal and organic layer, and micro-cavity effect between two metal electrodes. To reduce their influence and enhance the light extraction efficiency, an electromagnetic model of top-emitting organic light-emitting diode (TEOLED) with metallic grating anode is proposed in this report. The numerical simulation performance of metallic grating anode that can enhances the light extraction efficiency of OLED by recovering the energy of surface plasmon polariton mode between organic-metal interface. The simulation based on the Finite Element method (FEM) and Finite difference time domain (FDTD) shows the field distribution and transmission spectrum of proposed TEOLED model, and then indicates the ability of metallic grating anode to improve the light extraction efficiency significantly, which provides a new approach to enhance the efficiency of top-emitting OLED.
关键词： metallic grating anode,surface plasmon polariton,organic light-emitting diodes
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Facile synthesis of heteroatom doped and undoped graphene quantum dots as active materials for reversible lithium and sodium ions storage
摘要： Zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots have attractive properties but the synthesis of graphene quantum dots in a simple and scalable technique is tedious, which limits its utilization in different energy storage application. In this study, we present a simple and scalable approach to produce graphene quantum dots and heteroatom doped graphene quantum dots using chemical vapor deposition technique. Graphene quantum dots are prepared using alloy-based catalyst and methane as a carbon source. Boron-doped and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots are prepared at low temperature using graphite oxide without the use of dialysis bag. Here, the electrochemical lithium and sodium ion storage properties of doped and undoped graphene quantum dots are studied without being used as a supporting material for the performance enhancement as reported in previous reports. Boron doped GQD (B-GQD) exhibits a high specific capacity of 1097 mAh g?1 at a specific current of 50 mA g?1 for lithium and sodium ion batteries respectively. B-GQD exhibits high volumetric energy density of 537 Ah L?1 and 214 Ah L?1 with an average voltage of 0.43 V and 0.57 respectively for lithium ion and sodium ion batteries. Also, the cells observe a satisfactory cyclic performance for 500 cycles with good capacity retention. Detailed investigations show that the edge defects present in GQD and doped GQDs help to enhance the electrochemical storage performance of lithium and sodium ions.
关键词： Doped,Lithium ion battery,Quantum dots,Sodium ion battery,Anode material
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Lithium Distribution in Structured Graphite Anodes Investigated by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
摘要： For the development of thick film graphite electrodes, a 3D battery concept is applied, which significantly improves lithium-ion diffusion kinetics, high-rate capability, and cell lifetime and reduces mechanical tensions. Our current research indicates that 3D architectures of anode materials can prevent cells from capacity fading at high C-rates and improve cell lifespan. For the further research and development of 3D battery concepts, it is important to scientifically understand the influence of laser-generated 3D anode architectures on lithium distribution during charging and discharging at elevated C-rates. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is applied post-mortem for quantitatively studying the lithium concentration profiles within the entire structured and unstructured graphite electrodes. Space-resolved LIBS measurements revealed that less lithium-ion content could be detected in structured electrodes at delithiated state in comparison to unstructured electrodes. This result indicates that 3D architectures established on anode electrodes can accelerate the lithium-ion extraction process and reduce the formation of inactive materials during electrochemical cycling. Furthermore, LIBS measurements showed that at high C-rates, lithium-ion concentration is increased along the contour of laser-generated structures indicating enhanced lithium-ion diffusion kinetics for 3D anode materials. This result is correlated with significantly increased capacity retention. Moreover, the lithium-ion distribution profiles provide meaningful information about optimizing the electrode architecture with respect to film thickness, pitch distance, and battery usage scenario.
关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,3D battery,lithium-ion battery,ultrafast laser ablation,graphite anode
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A Layered Photo-Anode Prepared Using TiO <sub/>2</sub> ?Nanocrystals with Different Sizes for Enhanced Light-Trapping in Quantum Dots-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： Using TiO2 nanocrystals (NCs) with diameters of 20 nm (T20), 40 nm (T40) and 60 nm (T60) as starting materials, three TiO2 photo-anodes were constructed on FTO glass. Meanwhile, a triple-layered photo-anode was prepared by depositing the T20, the T40, and the T60 layer by layer on FTO glass (T60/T40/T20/FTO/glass). These four kinds of photo-anodes were sensitized with CdZn0.02S0.08Se0.92 QDs by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR). Based on these photo-anodes, four quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) were ?nally obtained. The results indicated that the highest ef?ciency of 3.95% was obtained in the QDSSC with the triple-layered photo-anode. The short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of the QDSSC with the triple-layered photo-anode was 1.25, 1.21 and 1.13-fold higher than that of the QDSSCs with T20-, T40- and T60-based photo-anode, respectively. Moreover, with the increase of the average size of the TiO2 NCs from 20 to 60 nm, the Jsc increased from 13.8 to 15.24 mA·cm?2. The optical properties, crystal structure and morphologies of the bare TiO2 ?lms and the CdZn0.02S0.08Se0.92 sensitized TiO2 photo-anodes were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD and SEM. The incident photon-to-electron conversion ef?ciency, the open circuit voltage decay and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the QDSSCs were measured and discussed, so as to clarify the underlying mechanism of the property enhancement.
关键词： quantum dots-sensitized solar cells,TiO2 nanocrystals,light-trapping,CdZn0.02S0.08Se0.92 QDs,photo-anode
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Preparation of multifunctional porous carbon electrodes through direct laser writing on a phenolic resin film
摘要： In this study, CuO@ZnO core-shell composite materials were successfully reported by chemical processes of depositing ZnO on the CuO surface. When evaluated as a lithium-ion battery anode, the CuO@ZnO composite shows a higher specific capacity of 300 mAh g-1 at 0.2 C after 100 cycles, especially CuO@ZnO-6.5% (the molar ratio of CuO to ZnSO4·7H2O of 1:0.065) composite material electrode still holds 459.5 mAh g-1 discharge capacity after 500 cycles. The test results show that the excellent coating on the CuO@ZnO composites improves the stability performance as electrodes for lithium-ion batteries due to the mechanism of ZnO. Therefore, the certain coverage of the CuO@ZnO composite electrode results in a valuable material for anodes in future batteries.
关键词： Lithium-ion battery,Anode material,CuO@ZnO composites
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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One-step hydrothermal synthesis of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres with high lithium storage performance
摘要： The precursor of Fe(OH)3, C and TiO2 was synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method. Then, the of C in the composite was eliminated by calcination at 500 ℃ for 5h in an air atmosphere. Thereby, a Fe2O3@TiO2 microspheres composite material is synthesized. The incorporation of Fe2O3 helps provide high specific capacity, high speed cycling and stable life performance. The first discharge capacity is 688mAh/g, with higher discharge capacity of Fe2O3@TiO2 microspheres (372mAh/g), and with the insertion/extraction of Li+ during charge and discharge, a dense SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interface) film is formed on the surface of the material to cause actual discharge of the graphite carbon material. The capacity is relatively low since the graphite carbon material has a lower theoretical specific capacity. The 2nd to 50th charge and discharge of Fe2O3@TiO2 microspheres, the capacitance retention rate exceeds 90%. The outstanding stable cycling and well rate performance suggest that Fe2O3@TiO2 microspheres have great potential to be applied as anode material for lithium ion batteries.
关键词： Anode,Carbon,Titanium dioxide,Ferric oxide,Lithium ion battery
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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The Effect of the Shape of the Anode Head on the Nitrogen Soft X-Ray Emission from a Dense Plasma Focus Device: a Numerical Investigation Using the Modified Lee Model Code Accompanied by Experiments
摘要： An alternative way for calculating the magnetic ?eld in the Lee Model Code has been used. The effects of the various anode-tip shapes on the DPF behavior have been studied. The current and impedance calculations have been employed for these investigations. For the conical anode tip, the best pinch current and soft x-ray radiation have been seen in simulations which was in good agreement with the empirical results. The investigations were carried out for the voltages of 11, 12, and 13 kV and the pressure range of 1–6 Torrs. The asymmetry in the discharging current has been investigated through three arbitrarily de?ned cathode current distribution patterns. The simulations showed that asymmetry in the axial discharge current increased the plasma Impedance and consequently reduced the soft x-ray emission.
关键词： Plasma inductance,Dense plasma focus (DPF),Current asymmetry,Anode shape,Lee model code
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36