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Antiresonant Reflecting Guidance and Mach-Zender Interference in Cascaded Hollow-Core Fibers for Multi-Parameter Sensing
摘要： We propose and demonstrate a cascaded hollow-core fiber (HCF) device for multi-parameter sensing based on the combination of antiresonant reflecting guidance (ARRG) and Mach-Zender interference (MZI). The device was fabricated by splicing two sections of HCF together. Two sets of fringes, which have different free spectral ranges, were generated from ARRG and MZI, respectively, and were aliasing in the transmission spectrum. The two sets of fringes were then separated using a band pass filter and a Gaussian fitting technique. The wavelengths at two transmission loss dips formed by ARRG and MZI exhibit a temperature sensitivity of 14.1 and 28.5 pm/°C, and a strain sensitivity of 0.4 and ?0.8 pm/με, respectively. By using a crossing matrix with differences sensitivities, the cross-sensitivity between temperature and strain can be solved. The gas pressure response of the cascaded HCF device was also tested up to 300 °C, and linear relationships between the gas pressure sensitivities and temperature were found, which can be used in gas pressure application in various temperatures. Moreover, the proposed cascaded HCF sensor is compact, low cost, and simple for fabrication, and hence offers a promising way for the simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters, such as temperature, strain, and gas pressure.
关键词： multi-parameter sensing,Mach-Zender interference,antiresonant reflecting guidance
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure based on Fabry Perot and Antiresonant mechanisms
摘要： A fiber-optic sensor for simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensor is composed of a hollow core fiber (HCF) sandwiched by two segments of single mode fiber (SMF), in which Fabry-Perot interference (FPI) combined with antiresonant (AR) mechanism are applied to the simultaneous measurement of temperature and pressure. The reflection spectrum of the sensor is composed of a sinusoid caused by axial FPI and several resonant wavelengths induced by AR mechanism occurred in cladding of the HCF. Two kinds of mechanisms have different responses to temperature and pressure, so the proposed sensor can simultaneously measure the pressure and temperature without pressure-temperature cross-talk. The advantages of the proposed sensor including small size, compact structure, and easy fabrication.
关键词： Fabry-Perot,Temperature and pressure sensor,Antiresonant,Fiber optics
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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A Dual Hollow Core Antiresonant Optical Fiber Coupler Based on a Highly Birefringent Structure-Numerical Design and Analysis
摘要： With the growing interest in hollow-core antiresonant fibers (HC-ARF), attributed to the development of their fabrication technology, the appearance of more sophisticated structures is understandable. One of the recently advancing concepts is that of dual hollow-core antiresonant fibers, which have the potential to be used as optical fiber couplers. In the following paper, a design of a dual hollow-core antiresonant fiber (DHC-ARF) acting as a polarization fiber coupler is presented. The structure is based on a highly birefringent hollow-core fiber design, which is proven to be a promising solution for the purpose of propagation of polarized signals. The design of an optimized DHC-ARF with asymmetrical cores is proposed, together with analysis of its essential coupling parameters, such as the extinction ratio, coupling length ratio, and coupling strength. The latter two for the x- and y-polarized signals were ~2 and 1, respectively, while the optical losses were below 0.3 dB/cm in the 1500–1700 nm transmission band.
关键词： hollow-core optical fiber couplers,polarization splitters,optical fiber design,optical fiber couplers,hollow-core antiresonant fibers
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - On the Possibility of Structural Characterisation of Hollow Core Fibres using Whispering Gallery Modes Excited by Laser and Broadband Light
摘要： Significant progress has been made in recent years in driving down the loss of hollow core fibres (HCFs), such as photonic bandgap fibres (PBGF), antiresonant nodeless fibres (ANF), and nested antiresonant nodeless fibres (NANF) towards that of their conventional solid single mode counterparts. In order to achieve the ultimate performance of HCFs, an accurate control of the dimensions and symmetry of the internal constituent elements is key in both the assembled preforms and drawn canes and fibres. Non-destructive optical methods to monitor and assess the internal features of HCFs over the entire fabrication process are therefore of great interest. Previously, morphology dependent resonances [1] and whispering gallery modes (WGMs) [2], excited by side illumination of the fibre, have been used to enable the precise measurement of cladding diameter variations with an accuracy greater than that of competing interferometric approaches. Motivated by this earlier work we have started studies into the opportunities provided by side illumination of HCF canes and fibres being drawn, and report some of our initial observations, which we hope will ultimately provide useful information on the internal features of HCFs.
关键词： whispering gallery modes,nested antiresonant nodeless fibres,hollow core fibres,photonic bandgap fibres,antiresonant nodeless fibres
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Detection and Tracking of Multiple Individual Nanoparticles in Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fibers
摘要： Directly studying the dynamics of nanoparticles with subwavelength dimensions, for example protein interactions or viral self-assembly, is difficult using conventional light microscopes due to Abbe’s resolution limit. Methods to overcome this limit such as fluorescence microscopy usually require to label particles and suffer from photobleaching in the case of long illumination times. A recent tracking method based on elastic light scattering from nano-objects inside a microstructured fiber which includes a nanometer sized channel managed to circumvent these limitations [1]. However, due to the small channel size, this approach imposes high spatial constraints on the particle motion, impedes the investigation of multi-particle dynamics and allows very little control over the liquid flow inside the fiber. In this work, we demonstrate that antiresonant hollow-core fibers (ARHCFs) open new perspectives for the detection and tracking of unlabeled, individual nanoparticles in statistically large numbers simultaneously. Gold nanospheres of diameters as small as 40nm were introduced into the hollow inner channels of an ARHCF with hexagonally shaped core section of around 30μm in diameter (see Fig. 1a,b). The fiber was integrated into an optofluidic chip system which allows controlling the liquid flow [2], and illuminated by a laser source (wavelength at 532nm). The light scattered off the particles was collected from the transverse direction by a low NA microscope objective (see Fig. 1a) and imaged onto a high speed camera. Applying an appropriate algorithm [3], the obtained data was analyzed and individual particle trajectories deduced (see Fig. 1c). Therefore a single video contains statistical data, e.g. for particle size estimations via the mean squared displacement method for a large number of freely diffusing particles (see Fig. 1d). Since particle tracking for tens of seconds at kHz image rates is possible, this novel method holds strong potential for the investigation of yet unexplored multi-particle dynamics at the nanoscale.
关键词： nanoparticles,antiresonant hollow-core fibers,tracking,detection,optofluidic chip
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Nonlinearity-free Coherent Transmission in Hollow-Core Antiresonant Fiber
摘要： We demonstrate the first multi-terabit/s WDM data transmission through hollow-core antiresonant fiber (HC-ARF). 16 channels of 32-GBd dual-polarization (DP) Nyquist-shaped 256QAM signal channels were transmitted through a 270-m long fiber without observing any power penalty. In a single-channel high power transmission experiment, no nonlinearity penalty was observed for up to 1 W of received power, despite the very low chromatic dispersion of the fiber (<2 ps/nm/km). Our simulations show that such a low level of nonlinearity should enable transmission at 6.4 Tb/s over 1200 km of HC-ARF, even when the fiber attenuation is significantly greater than that of SMF-28. As signals propagate through hollow-core fibers at close to the speed of light in vacuum such a link would be of interest in latency-sensitive data transmission applications.
关键词： Hollow-core Antiresonant Fiber,Fiber nonlinearity,Optical fiber communication,Coherent transmission,Modulation
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46