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Improving efficiency and stability of colorful perovskite solar cells with two-dimensional photonic crystals
摘要： Colorful solar cells have been much sought after because they can generate electricity and concurrently satisfy ornamentation purposes. Owing to their outstanding power conversion efficiency and flexibility in processing, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have the great potential to become both efficient and aesthetically appealing. Here, we specially devise and fabricate two novel electron transport layers (ETLs) for PSCs with two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal structures, namely the 2D inverse opal (IO) structured SnO2 (IOS) and SnO2-TiO2 composite (IOST), using the template-assisted spin-coating method. The synergistic structure and material modifications to the ETLs lead to a number of unique features, including the remarkable electron transfer ability, vivid colors and good protection to the infiltrated perovskite films. Furthermore, the IOS and IOST ETLs are effectively incorporated into the CH3NH3PbI3-based PSC devices that deliver the best efficiency of 16.8% with structural colors.
关键词： structural colors,two-dimensional photonic crystals,SnO2,electron transport layers,TiO2,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Choline Chloride-modified SnO2 Achieving High Output Voltage in MAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Choline chloride as a photosynthesis promoter is important for increasing plant yield, and we have found that it has a similar effect in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we propose the innovation of using molecular self-assembly methods to produce a choline chloride monolayer on the surface of the SnO2; this monolayer works as a passivation layer that reduces the surface oxygen vacancies and improves the performance of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) PSCs. The MAPbI3 PSC based on SnO2 modified by choline chloride (Chol-SnO2) electron transport layer (ETL) achieves an optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.90% under one solar illumination. The PCE is increased by 10% ~ 25% compared to the device without modification, and hysteresis is significantly reduced by eliminating the charge accumulation between the interface of the perovskite and ETL. More importantly, the MAPbI3 PSC based on Chol-SnO2 ETL exhibits a higher open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.145 V compared to the control device (1.071 V). This work provides a very simple and effective way to improve PSC performance, which has long-term significance for the sustainable development of energy.
关键词： self-assembled monolayer,choline chloride,SnO2,electron transporting layer,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Observations of phonon anharmonicity and microstructure changes by the laser power dependent Raman spectra in Co doped SnO2 nanoparticles
摘要： SnO2 nanoparticles are of critical importance owing to their necessity for fundamental studies and highly attractive applications in optoelectronic devices and photocatalytic activities. In this study Raman spectroscopy was rigorously employed to investigate the effect of low concentrations of cobalt doping in rutile SnO2 nanoparticles. The effect of annealing temperature and laser power dependent molecular vibrations was used to directly realize the localized microstructural changes and phonons interaction within the lattice. A large broadening and shifting towards the lower wavenumber side in the Raman spectra for A1g and B2g modes of vibration were observed. This was mainly attributed to microstructural changes, maximum possible quasiharmonic shift and a large proportion from pure anharmonic shifts as a function of increasing laser power. Two approaches were adopted to calculate the localized temperature that has increased due to laser heating during the Raman measurements in the samples. In a more feasible and reliable approach the full with at half maxima (FWHM) broadening and frequency shifting as a function of laser power were directly compared with the previously reported experimental results. In another approach the well-known Klement model based on the kinematics of three-phonon processes was also used to determine the localized temperature.
关键词： Raman,Cobalt,Nanoparticles,SnO2,Laser,Co-precipitation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Aqueous Sn-S Complex Derived Electron Selective Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： A novel aqueous Sn-S complex solution was applied as precursor to fabricate SnO2 electron selective layers (ESLs) for the hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The tin and sulfur powder were directly dissolved in a (NH4)2S water solution to form Sn-S precursor. After depositon and annealing, the SnO2 film was formed, presenting as a low cost and enviromental friendly method for preparation of ESL. The films showed excellent transmittance at visible wavelength range. Moreover, the method exhibited high compatibility for doping using Cu, Cd, Li, and Zn elements. Zn doping (0.05 M) in the as-prepared SnO2 ESL significantly improved perovskite solar cells (PSCs) performance. The highest PCE of 13.17% was achived with 15% enhancement compared to that of undoped SnO2 ESL samples. TiCl4 modifications on SnO2 film improved photovoltaic performance to 14.45%, but resulted in the poor long-term stability, around 80% more degredation than that of PSCs based on Zn-doped SnO2 films.
关键词： SnO2,Sn-S complex,aqueous solution,perovskite solar cell,electron selective layer
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Graphdiyne: Bridging SnO <sub/>2</sub> and Perovskite in Planar Solar Cells
摘要： The collocation between charge transport layer and photoactive layer is extremely critical in solar energy conversion devices. More recently, it is especially prominent for promising planar perovskite solar cell based on SnO2 electron transfer layer (ETL) due to its unmatched photogenerated electron and hole extraction rates. Thereby, graphdiyne (GDY) with multi-roles has been incorporated to maximize the collocation between SnO2 and perovskite regarding perspectives of electron extraction rate optimization as well as the interface engineering for perovskite growth inducement and interfacial defect passivation, enabling such interfacial function towards both perovskite crystallization process and subsequent photovoltaic service duration. The GDY doped SnO2 layer finally results 4-times improved electron mobility and more facilitated band alignment. Simultaneously, the enhanced hydrophobicity effectively inhibits heterogeneous perovskite nucleation, contributing to high quality film with diminished grain boundaries and lower defect density. The systematical density functional theory study has further indicated that freshly formed C-O σ bond resulted electrical property enhancement and the passivated Pb-I antisite defects are both originated from GDY introduction. The 21.11% power conversion efficiency with negligible hysteresis indicate such scenario may trigger unlimited reverie of promising GDY materials and provide more insights on elaborately interfacial design in perovskite solar cells.
关键词： graphdiyne,SnO2,solar cells,perovskite,interface engineering
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Graphdiyne: Bridging SnO <sub/>2</sub> and Perovskite in Planar Solar Cells
摘要： The collocation between charge transport layer and photoactive layer is extremely critical in solar energy conversion devices. More recently, it is especially prominent for promising planar perovskite solar cell based on SnO2 electron transfer layer (ETL) due to its unmatched photogenerated electron and hole extraction rates. Thereby, graphdiyne (GDY) with multi-roles has been incorporated to maximize the collocation between SnO2 and perovskite regarding perspectives of electron extraction rate optimization as well as the interface engineering for perovskite growth inducement and interfacial defect passivation, enabling such interfacial function towards both perovskite crystallization process and subsequent photovoltaic service duration. The GDY doped SnO2 layer finally results 4-times improved electron mobility and more facilitated band alignment. Simultaneously, the enhanced hydrophobicity effectively inhibits heterogeneous perovskite nucleation, contributing to high quality film with diminished grain boundaries and lower defect density. The systematical density functional theory study has further indicated that freshly formed C-O σ bond resulted electrical property enhancement and the passivated Pb-I antisite defects are both originated from GDY introduction. The 21.11% power conversion efficiency with negligible hysteresis indicate such scenario may trigger unlimited reverie of promising GDY materials and provide more insights on elaborately interfacial design in perovskite solar cells.
关键词： SnO2,Solar Cells,Graphdiyne,Perovskite,Interface Engineering
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Prussian Blue Nanocubesa??SnO <sub/>2</sub> Quantum Dotsa??Reduced Graphene Oxide Ternary Nanocomposite: An Efficient Nona??noblea??metal Electrocatalyst for Nona??enzymatic Detection of H <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>2</sub>
摘要： Developing non-noble-metal electrocatalyst for non-enzymatic H2O2 sensing is highly attractive. A facile, two-step approach has been utilized for the synthesis of PBNCs/SnO2 QDs/RGO ternary nanocomposite. TEM, SEM, XPS, and XRD techniques were used to the characterize the structural and morphological properties of synthesized ternary nanocomposite. The synthesized ternary nanocomposite has been examined as an electrode material for the electrochemical detection of H2O2 using the Amperometry technique. Under optimum conditions, PBNCs/SnO2 QDs/RGO ternary nanocomposite performed very well in the electrocatalytic reduction of H2O2 with a linear dynamic range from 25-225 μM (R2 = 0.996) with a low detection limit of 71 nM (S/N=3). Compared to the recent literature, PBNCs/SnO2QDs/RGO ternary nanocomposite based modified electrode exhibit a wider linear dynamic range with a low detection limit. Furthermore, PBNCs/SnO2 QDs/RGO ternary nanocomposite based modified electrode showed an excellent anti-interference ability against various common interfering agents. The practical applicability of ternary nanocomposite based modified electrode was further extended to determine the H2O2 in tap water with acceptable recovery. The present performance of PBNCs/SnO2 QDs/RGO ternary nanocomposite material towards H2O2 sensing might widen its application for developing a new type of non-noble metal-based non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensors.
关键词： Hydrogen peroxide,Graphene,Non-enzymatic sensor,SnO2 quantum dots,Non-noble-metal electrocatalyst,Prussian blue nanocubes
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Magnetron sputtered SnO <sub/>2</sub> constituting double electron transport layers for efficient PbS quantum dots solar cells
摘要： In this work, for the first time, we have successfully demonstrated that radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtered SnO2 can be a qualified alternative electron transport layer (ETL) for high-efficiency PbS quantum dot (QD) solar cell. Our highest-performing device using such a SnO2 ETL obtained an efficiency of 8.4%, which is comparable to the sol-gel ZnO based one (8.8%). The excellent performance mainly results from the improved current density, which is attributed to the superior properties of SnO2 ETL, such as the high electron mobility and excellent optical transmittance. However, we also found that the sputtered SnO2 based devices show smaller voltage and fill factor due to the unsatisfied surface morphology and energy level alignment. By combining a thin (around 10 nm) sol-gel ZnO film on top of sputtered SnO2 film to form the double ETL, we obtained the best efficiency of 10.1%, which is the highest efficiency for using SnO2 ETL in PbS QD solar cell. Our work not only provides a new avenue to improve the efficiency of PbS QD solar cells but also offers the possibility to use the industry compatible sputtering technique for PbS QD solar cells.
关键词： electron transporting layer,SnO2,magnetron sputtering,PbS,quantum dot solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Oxide-Core Pt-Shell Electrocatalysts for PEFCs: Photochemical Preparation Using SnO <sub/>2</sub> Nanoparticles
摘要： Core-shell electrocatalyst, in which a Pt atomic layer covers a nano-size core of a different metal, is attractive in reducing Pt usage for PEFC cathode electrocatalyst. Whilst such core-shell electrocatalysts exhibit very high mass activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), their cost and durability still remain as a challenge. If inexpensive and thermochemically-stable conductive oxide could be applied to the core instead of a noble metal, cost reduction and durability improvement of such core-shell electrocatalysts may be expected. In this study, we try to develop oxide-core Pt-shell electrocatalysts by directly depositing Pt on SnO2 at an atomic level via a photochemical preparation procedure. SnO2 cores with a diameter down to ca. 3 nm could be prepared by comparing various preparation procedures of SnO2 and types of fillers. Electrochemical activities of such oxide-core Pt-shell electrocatalysts are characterized and discussed.
关键词： PEFC,SnO2,photochemical preparation,Pt-shell,Core-shell electrocatalyst
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Rapid Scalable Processing of Tin Oxide Transport Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The development of scalable deposition methods for perovskite solar cell materials is critical to enable the commercialisation of this nascent technology. Herein, we investigate the use and processing of nanoparticle SnO2 films as electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells, and develop deposition methods for ultrasonic spray-coating and slot-die coating, leading to photovoltaic device efficiencies over 19%. The effects of post-processing treatments (thermal annealing, UV ozone and O2 plasma) are then probed using structural and spectroscopic techniques to characterise the nature of the np-SnO2/perovskite interface. We show that a brief ‘hot air flow’ method can be used to replace an extended thermal anneal, confirming that this approach is compatible with high-throughput processing. Our results highlight the importance of interface management to minimise nonradiative losses, as well as providing a deeper understanding of the processing requirements for large area deposition of nanoparticle metal oxides.
关键词： spray-coating,interfaces,SnO2,perovskite solar cells,scalable processing,tin oxide
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01