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Operation strategy of a hybrid solar and biomass power plant in the electricity markets
摘要： With the potential of low levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and high dispatchability, the hybrid solar and biomass power (HSBP) plant will become an increasingly attractive alternative of fossil energy in the future. However, the combination of biomass fuels, uncertain solar energy and thermal energy storage (TES) system makes energy flow in HSBP plant more intricate. This problem poses a significant challenge to HSBP plant operation in the electricity markets especially with uncertain market prices. In this paper, the linear operation model of HSBP plant is developed to describe the intricate energy flow and technical constraints. In order to maximize the revenues of HSBP plant in electricity markets, an optimal operation strategy is proposed by taking into account the daily variation of market prices. The uncertainties of solar irradiation and market prices are modeled with stochastic programming approach, i.e. a set of scenarios. The large number of scenarios is reduced to relieve the computational burden of mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. In addition, the conditional value at risk (CVaR) is adopted to consider the risk hedge. The validity of the proposed model is demonstrated by case study results.
关键词： Hybrid solar-biomass power plant,Stochastic programming,Optimal operation strategy,Conditional value at risk
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Integrated radar and lidar analysis reveals extensive loss of remaining intact forest on Sumatra 2007–2010
摘要： Forests with high above-ground biomass (AGB), including those growing on peat swamps, have historically not been thought suitable for biomass mapping and change detection using synthetic aperture radar (SAR). However, by integrating L-band (λ = 0.23 m) SAR from the ALOS and lidar from the ICESat Earth-Observing satellites with 56 field plots, we were able to create a forest biomass and change map for a 10.7 Mha section of eastern Sumatra that still contains high AGB peat swamp forest. Using a time series of SAR data we estimated changes in both forest area and AGB. We estimate that there was 274 ± 68 Tg AGB remaining in natural forest (≥ 20 m height) in the study area in 2007, with this stock reducing by approximately 11.4 % over the subsequent 3 years. A total of 137.4 kha of the study area was deforested between 2007 and 2010, an average rate of 3.8 % yr?1.
关键词： SAR,lidar,Sumatra,forest biomass,deforestation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Modelling above-ground carbon dynamics using multi-temporal airborne lidar: insights from a Mediterranean woodland
摘要： Woodlands represent highly significant carbon sinks globally, though could lose this function under future climatic change. Effective large-scale monitoring of these woodlands has a critical role to play in mitigating for, and adapting to, climate change. Mediterranean woodlands have low carbon densities, but represent important global carbon stocks due to their extensiveness and are particularly vulnerable because the region is predicted to become much hotter and drier over the coming century. Airborne lidar is already recognized as an excellent approach for high-fidelity carbon mapping, but few studies have used multi-temporal lidar surveys to measure carbon fluxes in forests and none have worked with Mediterranean woodlands. We use a multi-temporal (5-year interval) airborne lidar data set for a region of central Spain to estimate above-ground biomass (AGB) and carbon dynamics in typical mixed broadleaved and/or coniferous Mediterranean woodlands. Field calibration of the lidar data enabled the generation of grid-based maps of AGB for 2006 and 2011, and the resulting AGB change was estimated. There was a close agreement between the lidar-based AGB growth estimate (1.22 Mg ha?1 yr?1) and those derived from two independent sources: the Spanish National Forest Inventory, and a tree-ring based analysis (1.19 and 1.13 Mg ha?1 yr?1, respectively). We parameterised a simple simulator of forest dynamics using the lidar carbon flux measurements, and used it to explore four scenarios of fire occurrence. Under undisturbed conditions (no fire) an accelerating accumulation of biomass and carbon is evident over the next 100 years with an average carbon sequestration rate of 1.95 Mg C ha?1 yr?1. This rate reduces by almost a third when fire probability is increased to 0.01 (fire return rate of 100 years), as has been predicted under climate change. Our work shows the power of multi-temporal lidar surveying to map woodland carbon fluxes and provide parameters for carbon dynamics models. Space deployment of lidar instruments in the near future could open the way for rolling out wide-scale forest carbon stock monitoring to inform management and governance responses to future environmental change.
关键词： fire scenarios,climate change,above-ground biomass,Mediterranean woodlands,carbon dynamics,airborne lidar
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Shrub biomass estimation in semi-arid sandland ecosystem based on remote sensing technology
摘要： Global land degradation and sustainable development has become a serious challenge for the terrestrial ecosystems. Shrub plays a crucial role in global ecosystem protection, ecological reconstruction, which is especially important in arid and semi-arid sandland ecosystem. Shrub above ground biomass (AGB) is a proxy of carbon sequestration capacity. Shrub AGB in Mu Us Sandland was estimated using different methods based on Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data, topography data, combined with in situ survey data. Linear regression model, multiple stepwise regression model, machine learning model and geometric optical model were used to estimate shrub biomass in combination with in situ data, respectively and their effects were validated and compared. Results showed that shrub AGB predicted from one multiple stepwise regression model with Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI) and Brightness from K-T transformation as input variables reached highest accuracy. For both high and low shrub coverage regions, shrub AGB distribution maps derived by this multiple stepwise regression model achieved higher precision. All these findings will provide a scientific support for ecological sustainable development in eco-vulnerable ecosystems.
关键词： Above Ground Biomass (AGB),geometric optical model,Arid and semi-arid ecosystem,multiple stepwise regression,machine learning
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Interferometric Ground Notching of SAR Images for Estimating Forest Above Ground Biomass
摘要： The effectiveness of SAR tomography in estimating forest Above Ground Biomass (AGB) has been repeatedly demonstrated in the recent years. For tropical rain-forests, analysis from the Paracou test site reveals that the best results are achieved when the backscattered power coming from 30m above the ground is considered. As suggested in previous papers, the most likely reason is that ground scattering acts as a disturbing factor for forest biomass retrieval, as it depends on a number of parameters (like topography, moisture), that do not relate to forest biomass. In this paper we further test this hypothesis by proposing the concept of interferometric ground notching. By taking the difference between two phase calibrated, ground-steered, SAR SLC images a third image is obtained where ground scattering contributions are canceled out, hence the name ground-notched SLC. Results indicate that ground-notched data can effectively retain the features of vegetation-only scattering, including its polarimetric signature and correlation with AGB.
关键词： Biomass,Polarimetry,Tomography,InSAR
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Analysis of P-Band Repeat-Pass SAR Tomography Under Changing Weather Conditions
摘要： In this paper, the impact of changing weather conditions on repeat pass SAR tomography is addressed to support the up-coming spaceborne mission BIOMASS. In recent years it has been demonstrated that forest biomass retrieval can be improved by using P-band SAR tomography in tropical forest. Yet, these results were obtained by using campaign data acquired in a single day, while the revisit time of BIOMASS mission will be 3-4 days. To fill this gap, we simulate BIOMASS repeat pass tomography using ground-based TropiSCAT data with revisit time of 3 days and rainy days included. It is observed that the backscattered power within canopy layer, which is significantly correlated to the forest biomass, stays stable under changing weather conditions. The backscattered power variation of canopy layer are within 1.5 dB. For this forest site, this error is translated into an AGB error of about 50-80 t/ha, which is 20% or less of forest AGB.
关键词： P-band,BIOMASS mission,tomography,changing weather conditions,TropiSCAT
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Relating Sar Tomography to Tropical Forest Biomass Via Lidar Data
摘要： Forest biomass is a most important parameter in the context of the global carbon cycle. Mapping above ground biomass (AGB) at a global scale contributes to understanding the dynamics of climate change. Tropical forests are extremely important as they store more biomass. In recent years, SAR tomography has been introduced as a new technique that has shown enormous potential in AGB retrieval. A strong linear relationship between in-situ measurements and tomographic power from 30 m above the terrain was discovered by previous studies carried out in French Guiana. However, the two parameters that determine the linear relationship might vary for different tropical forests. Due to the great difficulty in measuring tropical forest AGB by field surveys, in-situ measurements is unfeasible to relate SAR tomography for mapping global forests AGB. For purpose of solving this problem, we investigate the possibility to use LiDAR derived AGB to find the two parameters of the fit line. Experimental results obtained by processing data from the TropiSAR campaign support the feasibility of the proposed concept.
关键词： Tropical Forest,SAR Tomography,Biomass,LiDAR,Back-projection
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Long- Term P-Band Tomosar Observations from the Borealscat Tower Experiment
摘要： SAR tomography at P-band allows the separation of scatterers throughout the vertical extent of a forest canopy, offering a SAR observable that can be used for biomass estimation. But the vertical backscattering distribution of forests are sensitive to changes in the weather and seasons, effects which are poorly understood. In this study, a tower-based radar is used to produce fully-polarimetric tomographic images of a boreal forest at P-band which are analysed over a period of one year. The largest variations seen were due to sub-zero temperatures, causing a drop in the effective scattering height. Seasonal changes in soil moisture and temperature caused a drop in ground-level backscatter at HH-polarisation and a drop in canopy-level cross-polarised backscatter during the summer.
关键词： boreal forest,long time series,ground-based radar,SAR tomography,polarimetry,BIOMASS
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Improved Characterization of a Tropical Forest Using Polarimetric Tomographic Sar Data Acquired at P Band
摘要： This paper concerns processing techniques for the characterization of a tropical forest using PolTomSAR data at P band. In particular, existing forest biomass estimation methods, relating biomass to sampled tomographic intensity values, are revisited using simple methodological steps and an adaptive tomographic intensity sampling approach. The canopy reflectivity sampling location is determined as a function of the effective forest height and of the tomographic resolution, in order to compensate geometrical mismatches. Moreover, an adaptive polarimetric decomposition technique is used to further decouple the sampled intensity from ground and topographic tomographic scattering effects. The performance of the proposed techniques is assessed using TROPISAR P-band data acquired by the ONERA’s SETHI sensor over the Paracou test site in French Guiana in 2009. Results indicate over this site a substantial reduction of the Above Ground Biomass (AGB) estimation error, with respect to existing techniques.
关键词： BIOMASS mission,Polarimetric SAR Tomography (PolTomSAR),P band,3-D imaging,Tropical forest
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems - Santiago, Chile (26–29 September 2017)] - Co-production of syngas and zinc via combined solar-driven biomass gasification and ZnO carbo-thermal reduction in a continuously-operated solar reactor
摘要： The solar thermochemical gasification of biomass with in-situ ZnO carbo-thermal reduction was carried out in a lab-scale (1.5 kW) continuously-fed solar reactor. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of the combined process involving wood biomass gasification with ZnO as an oxidizing agent under continuous process operation for co-production of syngas and metallic Zn. A controlled mixture of biomass and ZnO particles was injected in a cavity-type receiver directly irradiated by concentrated solar radiation. The influence of temperature (1050-1250°C) on syngas production was experimentally investigated and compared to the case of a pyrolysis process (without any oxidizing agent). H2 production increased drastically, CO production tended also to increase, while CH4 and CO2 concentrations decreased when increasing the temperature. The global syngas production of the combined gasification and ZnO carbo-thermal reduction was higher in comparison with pyrolysis. Collected products at the reactor outlet indicated high Zn content, with low recombination to ZnO in the solid products. The energy content of the feedstock was upgraded by the solar power input in the form of both syngas and Zn, thus outperforming pyrolysis in addition to delivering higher syngas output per unit of feedstock.
关键词： ZnO carbo-thermal reduction,syngas,biomass,metallic Zn,solar thermochemical gasification
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46