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Ex vivo and animal study of the blue diode laser, Tm fiber laser, and their combination for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
摘要： Background and Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of using a novel blue diode laser (blue laser), a thulium fiber laser (Tm laser), and their combination as a directed‐energy surgical tool in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN). Study Design/Materials and Methods: The blue laser emitting at 442 nm, the Tm laser emitting at 1,940 nm wavelengths, and the combination of them were tested. First, cutting and coagulative abilities of the lasers were characterized ex vivo on porcine kidney in air and CO2. Histological staining was performed to assess the efficiency of ablation and coagulation. Next, experimental LPN was performed on a porcine model at zero ischemia. Upper and lower segments of both kidneys were resected. Total operation time and resection time were measured; bleeding and carbonization were evaluated. Results: Ex vivo data show that laser‐induced ablation and coagulation processes do not differ substantially between CO2 and air environments. Histological analysis of ex vivo incisions demonstrates that the blue laser produced deep ablation with relatively narrow coagulation zone, whereas Tm laser was less efficient in terms of ablation but possessed excellent coagulative properties. Experimental LPN revealed that the blue laser provided fast cutting with minimal carbonization, whereas Tm laser induced slow cutting with strong carbonization. The combination of the blue and Tm lasers provided the most promising results demonstrating the highest resection rate, almost carbonization free resection surface and clinically acceptable hemostasis enabling LPN without the need for vessel clamping. Conclusions: The blue laser can be efficiently utilized in LPN. Furthermore, the combination of the blue and Tm lasers into a single modality may be beneficial for further development of successful laser‐assisted LPN.
关键词： Tm fiber laser,laparoscopic partial nephrectomy,porcine model,blue diode laser
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Determination of Infrared Laser Energy Dose for Cancer Cells Inactivation as a Candidate of Photodynamic Therapy
摘要： The aim of this research is to find out the effect of GaAlAs diode laser 808 nm exposure on MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro with and without the addition of a photosensitizer. Methylene blue (C16H18N3SCl) with concentration of 2 μM is used as the photosensitizer based on the preliminary results of cytotoxicity assay. Energy dose is set in the range of 23,043 to 322,062 J/cm2. Laser exposure with the addition of the photosensitizer generates the highest percentage of cell death of 20.80% at energy dose of 184,344 J/cm2 and cell death begin to decrease at energy dose above this value. This behavior is likely caused by photodegradation and photobleaching effect of the photosensitizer due to the longer exposure time. However, the percentage of cell death without the addition of photosensitizer is increased proportionally to the increase of energy dose and achieved 32,45% cell mortality at 299,559 J/cm2. This study not only shows that the exposure of infrared laser can be used to inactivate cancer cells but also determines its optimum energy dose, makes it a possible candidate for photodynamic therapy in the future.
关键词： MCF-7 cells,photodynamic therapy,photochemical,methylene blue,diode laser,photothermal
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Comprehensive analysis of blue diode laser-annealing of amorphous silicon films
摘要： The low temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) method has proved to be a technical breakthrough, accomplishing semiconductor thin films with remarkable mobility for a range of high-performance displays, including liquid crystal display and organic light emitting diodes. However, utilizing a conventional excimer laser source for LTPS incurs high cost. In this paper, we demonstrate a comprehensive analysis of the crystallization mechanism of a-Si film (94 nm) and the thermal deformation of the glass substrate induced by Blue diode Laser Annealing (BLA). BLA provides high quality laterally grown crystals over 4 μm × 10 μm on glass substrates, which were examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the permanent deformation introduced by the annealing process is numerically modeled, instantiating how to control the heat conduction from the thin film that affects the substrate. Our findings reveal that the permanent thermal deformation depth that can be obtained is comparable to the roughness of the silicon film for the optimum scanning speed and laser power. The combination of both experimental and numerical results elucidates the manifested physical mechanisms during the BLA process and provides the guidelines to improve the experimental parameters of this process.
关键词： Lateral grain growth,Glass deformation,Silicon thin film,Low Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon (LTPS),Blue diode laser
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22