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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - An Economic and Environmental Assessment of Residential Rooftop Photovoltaics with Second Life Batteries in the US
摘要： Extreme learning machine (ELM) is emerged as an effective, fast, and simple solution for real-valued classification problems. Various variants of ELM were recently proposed to enhance the performance of ELM. Circular complex-valued extreme learning machine (CC-ELM), a variant of ELM, exploits the capabilities of complex-valued neuron to achieve better performance. Another variant of ELM, weighted ELM (WELM) handles the class imbalance problem by minimizing a weighted least squares error along with regularization. In this paper, a regularized weighted CC-ELM (RWCC-ELM) is proposed, which incorporates the strength of both CC-ELM and WELM. Proposed RWCC-ELM is evaluated using imbalanced data sets taken from Keel repository. RWCC-ELM outperforms CC-ELM and WELM for most of the evaluated data sets.
关键词： extreme learning machine,Real valued classification,complex valued neural network,class imbalance problem,regularization,weighted least squares error
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Regional-Centralized Content Dissemination for eV2X services in 5G mmWave-enabled IoVs
摘要： In this paper, we exploit an idea of coupling multiple oscillators to reduce phase noise (PN) to beyond the limit of what has been practically achievable so far in a bulk CMOS technology. We then apply it to demonstrate for the first time an RF oscillator that meets the most stringent PN requirements of cellular basestation receivers while abiding by the process technology reliability rules. The oscillator is realized in digital 65-nm CMOS as a dual-core LC-tank oscillator based on a high-swing class-C topology. It is tunable within 4.07–4.91 GHz, while drawing 39–59 mA from a 2.15 V power supply. The measured PN is ?146.7 dBc/Hz and ?163.1 dBc/Hz at 3 MHz and 20 MHz offset, respectively, from a 4.07 GHz carrier, which makes it the lowest reported normalized PN of an integrated CMOS oscillator. Straightforward expressions for PN and interconnect resistance between the cores are derived and verified against circuit simulations and measurements. Analysis and simulations show that the interconnect resistance is not critical even with a 1% mismatch between the cores. This approach can be extended to a higher number of cores and achieve an arbitrary reduction in PN at the cost of the power and area.
关键词： LC-tank,Basestation (BTS),phase noise,figure of merit (FoM),class-C oscillator,coupled oscillators
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - Fall) - Xiamen, China (2019.12.17-2019.12.20)] 2019 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - Fall) - Parametric Simulation of a??Hot-wirea??-based Gas Velocity Sensor Using Optical Fiber
摘要： A new quadrature oscillator topology is proposed, which arranges four low-Q series LC tanks in a ring structure driven by inverters operating in class-D. With a very small area of 0.007 that is comparable to conventional ring oscillators, this oscillator has 7–20 dB better phase noise FoM of 177 dB. It is widely tunable for nearly an octave from 2.66 to 4.97 GHz.
关键词： low inductor,phase noise,wide tuning,low area,quadrature oscillator,LC oscillator,ring oscillator,series LC,Class-D oscillator,nanoscale CMOS
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 PhotonIcs & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Spring (PIERS-Spring) - Rome, Italy (2019.6.17-2019.6.20)] 2019 PhotonIcs & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Spring (PIERS-Spring) - Degenerate Energy Exchange between Optical TE <sub/>2</sub> -modes of the Planar Waveguide Based on a Thin Left-handed Film and a Nonlinear Substrate
摘要： Face recognition (FR) systems in real-world applications need to deal with a wide range of interferences, such as occlusions and disguises in face images. Compared with other forms of interferences such as nonuniform illumination and pose changes, face with occlusions has not attracted enough attention yet. A novel approach, coined dynamic image-to-class warping (DICW), is proposed in this work to deal with this challenge in FR. The face consists of the forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, and chin in a natural order and this order does not change despite occlusions. Thus, a face image is partitioned into patches, which are then concatenated in the raster scan order to form an ordered sequence. Considering this order information, DICW computes the image-to-class distance between a query face and those of an enrolled subject by finding the optimal alignment between the query sequence and all sequences of that subject along both the time dimension and within-class dimension. Unlike most existing methods, our method is able to deal with occlusions which exist in both gallery and probe images. Extensive experiments on public face databases with various types of occlusions have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method.
关键词： image-to-class distance,Face recognition,biometrics,dynamic time warping,occlusion
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Dynamic Neural Network Enabled 50 Gb/s PAM-4 IM/DD Transmissions Based on 10G-Class Optical Devices
摘要： A dynamic neural network based equalization scheme is experimentally demonstrated for 50 Gb/s PAM-4 signal transmissions based on 10G-class optical devices. More than 2.5 dB power penalty improvement is achieved compare to the MLSE.
关键词： 50 Gb/s PAM-4,Dynamic neural network,10G-class optical devices
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Automated active fault detection in fouled dissolved oxygen sensors
摘要： Biofilm formation causes bias in dissolved oxygen (DO) sensors, which hamper their usage for automatic control and thereby balancing energy- and treatment efficiency. We analysed if a dataset that was generated with deliberate perturbations, can automatically be interpreted to detect bias caused by biofilm formation. We used a challenging set-up with realistic conditions that are required for a full-scale application. This included automated training (adapting to changing normal conditions) and automated tuning (setting an alarm threshold) to assure that the fault detection (FD)-methods are accessible to the operators. The results showed that automatic usage of FD-methods is difficult, especially in terms of automatic tuning of alarm thresholds when small training datasets only represent the normal conditions, i.e. clean sensors. Despite the challenging set-up, two FD-methods successfully improved the detection limit to 0.5 mg DO/L bias caused by biofilm formation. We showed that the studied dataset could be interpreted equally well by simpler FD-methods, as by advanced machine learning algorithms. This in turn indicates that the information contained in the actively generated data was more vital than its interpretation by advanced algorithms.
关键词： Receiver operating characteristics,Monitoring,One-class classification,Active fault detection,Gaussian process regression
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Yokohama, Japan (2019.7.28-2019.8.2)] IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Extraction of a Specific Land-Cover Class from Very High Spatial Resolution Imagery Using Positive and Unlabeled Learning with Convolutional Neural Networks
摘要： In remote sensing, supervised multiclass classifiers show a very promising performance in terms of classification accuracy. However, they require that all classes, in the study area, are labeled. In many applications, users may only be interested in specific land classes. When considering only one class, this referred to as One-Class classification (OC) problem. In this paper, we investigated the possibility of using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) within the Positive and Unlabeled Learning (PUL) framework for estimating the urban tree canopy coverage from very high spatial resolution aerial imagery. We also compared the proposed approach to the Binary CNN classification and to ensemble classifications based on various color-texture based features. The obtained classification accuracies show that PUL strategies provide competitive extraction results, especially the proposed CNN based one, due to the fact that PUL is a positive-unlabeled method in which large amounts of available unlabeled samples is incorporated into the training phase, allowing the classifier to model effectively the tree class.
关键词： convolutional neural networks,texture analysis,One-class classification,positive and unlabeled learning,ensemble classification
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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CO2 Laser-assisted Deep Sclerectomy Combined With Phacoemulsification in Patients With Primary Open-angle Glaucoma and Cataract
摘要： To assess the safety and efficacy of CO2 laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery (CLASS) combined with phacoemulsification in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and visually significant cataracts. This was a prospective, uncontrolled, interventional case series. Seventeen patients (17 eyes) diagnosed with POAG and cataracts were enrolled starting from November 2015. All subjects underwent CLASS combined with phacoemulsification surgery by the same surgeon. After the surgery, all patients were followed for 12 months. The preoperative to postoperative changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), glaucoma medication requirements, best-corrected visual acuity and adverse events were recorded. The results of 17 eyes of 17 patients were included in the statistical analysis. The baseline mean IOP was 23.94 ± 8.57 mm Hg (mean ± SD), and patients used 2.18 ± 0.88 types of antiglaucoma medication. At 12 months postsurgery, the mean IOP was 14.67 ± 2.97 mm Hg, and patients used 0.59 ± 0.87 types of antiglaucoma medication (both P < 0.001). The logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution of the best-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.77 ± 0.42 preoperatively to 0.33 ± 0.47 postoperatively (P < 0.05). Two patients experienced intraoperative perforation accompanied by iris prolapse. One patient exhibited postoperative choroidal detachment. CLASS with phacoemulsification may become a safe and effective intervention for patients with POAG and visually significant cataracts.
关键词： cataract,primary open-angle glaucoma,phacoemulsification,CLASS,laser surgery
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Neutron production from thermonuclear reactions in laser-generated plasmas
摘要： The production of intense neutron beams via thermonuclear reactions in laser-generated plasmas is investigated theoretically. So far, state-of-the-art neutron beams are produced via laser-induced particle acceleration leading to high-energy particle beams that subsequently interact with a secondary target. Here, we show that neutron beams of two orders of magnitude narrower bandwidth can be obtained from thermonuclear reactions in plasmas generated by Petawatt-class lasers. The intensity of such neutron beams is about one or two orders of magnitude lower than the one of the state-of-the-art laser-driven neutron beams. We study to this end the reaction 2H(d, n)3He in plasmas generated by Petawatt-class lasers interacting with D2 gas jet targets and CD2 solid-state targets. The results also show the possibility of direct measurements of reaction rates at low temperatures of astrophysical interest. In addition, the use of CD2 solid-state targets can also lead to great enhancements of the plasma screening compared to the case of D2 gas jet targets, opening new possibilities to study this so far unsolved issue in the field of astrophysics.
关键词： laser-generated plasmas,neutron production,Petawatt-class lasers,plasma screening effects,thermonuclear reactions
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Class-C architecture for cross-coupled FBAR oscillator to further improve phase noise
摘要： In this letter, a class-C architecture for an oscillator employing film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) is presented to improve the phase noise significantly in 1/f 3 region. The advantages offers by class-C operation are exploited in order to reduce the noise contributed by the current-source transistor in cross-coupled topology. An adaptive biasing circuit is used in order to ensure the oscillation start-up. The post-layout simulation incorporating all parasitic and representing FBAR by modified Butterworth Van Dyke (MBVD) model illustrates the phase noise improvement by 17 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset of a 1.9 GHz carrier compared to the FBAR based cross-coupled topology presented by the authors [1].
关键词： FBAR,class-C oscillator,cross-coupled topology
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22