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A novel pro-apoptotic role of zinc octacarboxyphthalocyanine in melanoma me45 cancer cell's photodynamic therapy (PDT)
摘要： Zn-based phthalocyanine acts as drug or photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of cancer cells. The activated zinc octacarboxyphthalocyanine (ZnPcOC) reacts with oxygen, to generate reactive oxygen species for the damage of melanoma cancer cells, Me45. This in vitro study aimed at investigating the cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of ZnPcOC activated with a diode laser (λ=685 nm) on Me45, and normal human fibroblast cells, NHDF. To perform this study 104 cells/ml were seeded in 96-well plates and allowed to attach overnight, after which cells were treated with different concentrations of ZnPcOC (10, 20 and 30 μM). After 4 h, cells were irradiated with a constant light dose of 2.5; 4.5 and 7.5 J/cm2. Post-irradiated cells were incubated for 24 h before cell viability was measured using the MTT viability assay. Data indicated that high concentrations of ZnPcOC (30 μM) in its inactive state are not cytotoxic to the melanoma cancer cells and normal fibroblasts. Moreover, the results showed that photoactivated ZnPcOC (30 μM) was able to reduce the cell viability of melanoma and fibroblast to about 50%, respectively. At this photosensitizing concentration the efficacy the treatment light dose of 2.5; 4.5 and 7.5 J/cm2 was evaluated against Me45 cells. ZnPcOC at a concentration of 30 μM activated with a light dose of 2.5; 4.5 and 7.5 J/cm2 was the most efficient for the killing of melanoma cancer cells. Melanoma cancer cells after PDT with a photosensitizing concentration of 30 μM ZnPcOC and a treatment light dose of 2.5; 4.5 and 7.5 J/cm2 showed certain pro-apoptotic characteristics, such as direct inducer (early apoptosis) and long-term inducer, also (late apoptosis). This concludes that low concentrations of ZnPcOC, activated with the appropriate light dose, can be used to induce cell death in melanoma cells via ROS-induces apoptosis pathway, what was confirmed with cytometric ROS measurements. Our in vitro study showed that ZnPcOC mediated photodynamic therapy is an effective treatment option for melanoma Me45 cancer cells. 30 μM of ZnPcOC with the treatment light dose of 2.5 J/cm2 from a LED diode laser source, with a wavelength of 685 nm, was adequate to destroy melanoma cancer cells via ROS-induced apoptosis pathway, with low killing effects on healthy NHDF normal fibroblasts.
关键词： photosensitizers,zinc octacarboxyphthalocyanine (ZnPcOC),UV-Vis spectra,pro-apoptotic activity,photodynamic therapy (PDT),reactive oxygen species (ROS),melanoma Me45 cancer cells
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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DEPArray? system: An automatic image‐based sorter for isolation of pure circulating tumor cells
摘要： Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are rare cells shed into the bloodstream by invasive tumors and their analysis offers a promising noninvasive tool to predict and monitor therapeutic responses. CTCs can be isolated from patient blood and their characterization at single-cell level can inform on the genomic landscape of a tumor. All CTC enrichment methods bear a burden of contaminating normal cells, which mandate a further step of purification to enable reliable downstream genetic analysis. Here, we describe the DEPArray? technology, a microchip-based digital sorter, which combines precise microfluidic and microelectronic enabling precise, image-based isolation of single CTCs, which can then be analyzed by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) methods.
关键词： rare cells,pure cells,cancer cells,liquid biopsy,single cells,circulating tumor cells,image-based sorting
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Bioconjugation strategy for cell surface labelling with gold nanostructures designed for highly localized pH measurement
摘要： Regulation of intracellular pH is critically important for many cellular functions. The quantification of proton extrusion in different types of cells and physiological conditions is pivotal to fully elucidate the mechanisms of pH homeostasis. Here we show the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) to create a high spatial resolution sensor for measuring extracellular pH in proximity of the cell membrane. We test the sensor on HepG2 liver cancer cells and MKN28 gastric cancer cells before and after inhibition of Na+/H+ exchanger. The gold surface conjugation strategy is conceived with a twofold purpose: i) to anchor the AuNP to the membrane proteins and ii) to quantify the local pH from AuNP using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The nanometer size of the cell membrane anchored sensor and the use of SERS enable us to visualize highly localized variation of pH induced by H+ extrusion, which is particularly upregulated in cancer cells.
关键词： cancer cells,SERS,cell surface labelling,pH measurement,gold nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Selectively light-up hydrogen peroxide in hypoxic cancer cells with a novel fluorescent probe
摘要： A novel fluorescent turn-on probe (HCyHP) was developed in a simple two-step synthesis for monitoring of exogenous and endogenous H2O2 levels in biological samples and hypoxic cancer diagnosis.
关键词： hypoxic cancer cells,fluorescent probe,hydrogen peroxide,bioimaging,diagnosis
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Separation of Biological Particles in a Modular Platform of Cascaded Deterministic Lateral Displacement Modules
摘要： Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) has been extensively implemented in the last decade for size-based sample preparation, owing to its high separation performances for a wide range of particle dimensions. However, separating particles from 1 μm to 10 μm in one single DLD device is challenging because of the required diversity of pillar dimensions and inherent fabrication issues. This paper presents an alternative approach to achieve the extraction of E. coli bacteria from blood samples spiked with prostate cancer cells. Our approach consists in cascading individual DLD devices in a single automated platform, using flexible chambers that successively collect and inject the sample between each DLD stage without any external sample manipulation. Operating DLD separations independently enables to maximize the sorting efficiency at each step, without any disturbance from downstream stages. The proposed two-step automated protocol is applied to the separation of three types of components (bacteria, blood particles and cancer cells), with a depletion yield of 100% for cancer cells and 93% for red blood cells. This cascaded approach is presented for the first time with two DLD modules and is upscalable to improve the dynamic range of currently available DLD devices.
关键词： Deterministic lateral displacement,DLD,blood samples,E. coli,prostate cancer cells,particle separation,microfluidic
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14