- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Transparent Conductive Materials (Materials, Synthesis, Characterization, Applications) || Metal Nanowires
摘要： Metal nanowires are one-dimensional entities of metals of either single crystalline or polycrystalline nature [1]. Metal nanowires have attracted tremendous research attention since the last two decades, because of their important applications in plasmonics [2], electronics [3], electrocatalysis [4], and so on. In the past decade, researchers have attempted to coat metal nanowires on a transparent substrate as a transparent conductive ?lm (TCF) [5–7]. The visible light transparency and the conductivity of TCFs on the basis of metal nanowires have improved rapidly, being comparable with the performance of the state-of-the-art indium tin oxide (ITO) TCFs [8–10]. The recognition of the potential applications of metal nanowire TCFs stimulates research zeal for the synthesis of metal nanowires. So far, a range of metal nanowires have been synthesized, including Ag nanowires (AgNWs) [11], Au nanowires (AuNWs) [12], Cu nanowires (CuNWs) [13], and Pt nanowires [14]. Bicomponent metal nanowires, such as Cu@Ni [15], Ag@Au [16], Cu@Ag [17], Ag@Ni [18], and Cu@Pt [19] core@shell nanowires, have also been synthesized. These nanowires have been coated on a substrate to produce TCFs, and the performance has been characterized. At early stage of the research on metal nanowire TCFs, the transparency was lower than 80%, and the sheet resistance was as large as several kΩ to MΩ. Both experimental investigation and theoretical modeling have been extensively carried out to improve the performance of metal nanowire TCFs.
关键词： Core@shell nanowires,Transparent conductive films,Plasmonics,Electronics,Au nanowires,Metal nanowires,Ag nanowires,Cu nanowires,Electrocatalysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Transparent Conductive Materials (Materials, Synthesis, Characterization, Applications) || Characterizations of Electrical Properties by the van der Pauw Method
摘要： The van der Pauw method is one of the most utilized techniques for measuring electrical properties of various materials, and it is also effective for characterizations of the transparent conductive materials. The method was developed by van der Pauw for measuring resistivity and Hall effect of samples having arbitrary shapes. The samples have to be flat though the shapes are arbitrary, and electrical contacts mounted on them should be sufficiently small and located at the circumference of them. In addition, the samples should not have isolated holes in them.
关键词： van der Pauw method,resistivity,electrical properties,Hall effect,transparent conductive materials
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings || The microstructure of ZnSnO and its correlation to electrical and optical properties
摘要： Over the last years, the interest in the field of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) has grown dramatically due to their wide applicability and improved properties that may be reached when incorporating these materials into devices. TCOs are mainly used in the industry of low-emissivity windows, flat panel displays, light emitting diodes and photovoltaics [1]. For photovoltaic applications, the main purpose of TCOs is to let light enter into the solar cell and to extract the electric charges allowing them to be drifted towards the electric contacts. Therefore, it is necessary for these materials to be as transparent and as conductive as possible [2]. Ideally, TCOs should be indium-free, as indium is scarce and hence expensive [3]. The goal is therefore to optimize a material that is earth-abundant, low-cost and with good electrical and optical properties. As many steps in photovoltaic device fabrication require a high temperature, a crucial requisite for TCOs is also thermal stability. Based on these criteria, an amorphous compound of Zn-Sn-O (ZTO) deposited by sputtering was selected for the present study [4]. The microstructure of ZTO is known to strongly influence its electrical and optical properties, as well as its thermal stability. In that regard, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments and conventional electrical and optical characterization were performed to assess the links between annealing treatments, ZTO microstructure and optical and electrical properties. First, samples were annealed in air, in an oven up to 150 and 500 °C and then investigated by transmission electron microscopy. While electrical and optical properties were measured to change significantly upon annealing, no major microstructural change was observed in TEM images. In situ theta-2theta XRD experiments were then performed by increasing the temperature up to 1000-1200°C in air and vacuum. Substrates resistant to these temperatures were employed, namely fused silica and sapphire. Different heating rates were used, ranging from 3°C/min up to 10°C/min. The XRD results (Fig.1) demonstrate that the amorphous phase is stable up to >500 °C when annealed in air and > 900 °C when annealed in 10-4 mbar, hence highlighting a strong influence of the annealing atmosphere on the crystallisation temperature. Rutile SnO2 is the first phase to crystallize and remains the main crystal structure observed throughout the whole process, with Al2ZnO4 forming at higher temperatures as a result of an interaction between the TCO layer and the sapphire substrate. Electrical properties were measured to decrease after annealing, with TEM measurements demonstrating that Zn migration at high temperature leads to the formation of a defective crystalline structure (Fig.2). This effect is more severe when annealing in air when compared to vacuum conditions. Indeed, the presence of oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere facilitates the formation of crystalline SnO2, a process that repeals Zn atoms to grain boundaries and surfaces of the TCO layer (Fig.3). On the other hand, the formation of crystalline SnO2 and the release of zinc are both delayed when annealing in vacuum. In general, crystallisation and Zn evaporation are observed to be detrimental to the electrical properties as it leads to the formation of voids in the structure. On a technological level, the high thermal stability of the defect-free amorphous ZTO microstructure in oxygen-poor atmospheres may enable its application in high efficiency photovoltaic architectures.
关键词： TEM,XRD,crystallization kinetics,transparent conductive oxides
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
The transmittance and sheet resistance of chemically and heat reduced graphene oxide film
摘要： The graphene oxide (GO) sheets were prepared from Hummer’s method. The reduced process is important to graphene related materials for widely functional use in many photo-electric fields. Chemically and heat reduced treatment are carried out in this research and the electrical and optical properties of reduced GO films are measured. The size of GO sheets was examined by transmission electron microscopy with a size of about 5–6 μm. The chemically converted graphene (CCG) film are made by spin coating method. We used different GO concentration and different spin coating times to investigate the properties of graphene transparent conductive films. As the decrease of the GO concentration of solution and the times of spin coating, the transmittance is higher. The electrical property of the mixing of GO and CCG is more stable than the GO sheets only, this is discussed in this research and it is cause by the stacking condition of sheets. The conductivity of reduced graphene oxide film come from GO is lower than that come from CCG, we suppose that is because that the overlapping is less (i.e. film-forming ability) in the former, the transmittance and sheet resistance are 56 T% and 50 kohm/sq.
关键词： Graphene oxide,Electrical property,Liquid-phase exfoliation,Transparent conductive films,Chemical reduced graphene oxide
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Suppressed Interdiffusion and Degradation in Flexible and Transparent Metal Electrode-Based Perovskite Solar Cells with a Graphene Interlayer
摘要： Metal-based transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) are attractive candidates for application in indium tin oxide (ITO)-free solar cells due to their excellent electrical conductivity and cost effectiveness. In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), metal-induced degradation with the perovskite layer leads to various detrimental effects, deteriorating the device performance and stability. Here, we introduce a novel flexible hybrid TCE consisting of a Cu grid-embedded polyimide film and a graphene capping layer, named GCEP, which exhibits excellent mechanical and chemical stability as well as desirable optoelectrical properties. We demonstrated the critical role of graphene as a protection layer to prevent metal-induced degradation and halide diffusion between the electrode and perovskite layer; the performance of the flexible PSCs fabricated with GCEP was comparable to that of their rigid ITO-based counterparts and also exhibited outstanding mechanical and chemical stability. This work provides an effective strategy to design mechanically and chemically robust ITO-free metal-assisted TCE platforms in PSCs.
关键词： metal-induced degradation,perovskite solar cell,Flexibility,graphene,transparent conductive electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
[IEEE 2019 International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC) - Sendai, Japan (2019.10.8-2019.10.10)] 2019 International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC) - Development of Laser-Assisted Bonding with Compression (LABC) Process for 3D IC Integration
摘要： Laser-Assisted Bonding with Compression (LABC) technology with NCF was proposed to accomplish the productivity and process reliability at the same time. A quartz block as a header was used to deliver a pressure to the devices because of its extremely low absorption of the laser during the bonding process. Newly developed NCF for LABC was designed to have stability on a hot stage and to show solder wetting and fast curing with no void and optimal fillet during the LABC bonding process. As the laser is used as a heat source, the uniform heat should be provided on each interconnection without any damages on chip or a substrate. 780μm-thick daisy chain top and bottom chips with the minimum pitch of 30μm and bump number of about 27,000 were successfully bonded using the LABC and NCF film.
关键词： throughput,non-conductive film,laser-assisted bonding,bonding performance,TCB,thermal compression bonding,NCF,LABC,compression
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
Direct nanoscale mapping of open circuit voltages at local back surface fields for PERC solar cells
摘要： The open circuit voltage (VOC) is a critical and common indicator of solar cell performance as well as degradation, for panel down to lab-scale photovoltaics. Detecting VOC at the nanoscale is much more challenging, however, due to experimental limitations on spatial resolution, voltage resolution, and/or measurement times. Accordingly, an approach based on Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy is implemented to directly detect the local VOC, notably for monocrystalline Passivated Emitter Rear Contact (PERC) cells which are the most common industrial-scale solar panel technology in production worldwide. This is demonstrated with cross-sectioned monocrystalline PERC cells around the entire circumference of a poly-aluminum-silicide via through the rear emitter. The VOC maps reveal a local back surface ?eld extending * 2 lm into the underlying p-type Si absorber due to Al in-diffusion as designed. Such high spatial resolution methods for photovoltaic performance mapping are especially promising for directly visualizing the effects of processing parameters, as well as identifying signatures of degradation for silicon and other solar cell technologies.
关键词： solar cell,nanoscale,Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy,open circuit voltage,PERC cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
Ar-Plasma-Modulated Optical Reset in the SiO <sub/>2</sub> /Cu Conductive-Bridge Resistive Memory Stack
摘要： Our study using conductive atomic force microscope shows that the resistive switching voltage in the SiO2/Cu stack is reduced by 33% after Ar plasma treatment of the oxide. Besides, the negative photo-conductivity (NPC) effect, normally observed on many locations following electrical soft-breakdown, is suppressed. The NPC effect arises because the electrically-formed filamentary conductive path, comprising both Cu and oxygen vacancies, may be disrupted by the recombination of the vacancies with nearby light-excited interstitial oxygen ions. Increase of the O-H peak, as seen from FT-IR spectroscopy, indicates that surface defects generated by the Ar plasma may have adsorbed water molecules, which in turn act as counter anions (OH?) accelerating Cu-ion diffusion into the oxide, forming a more complete Cu filament that is non-responsive to light. The finding offers the possibility of both electrical and optical resistance control by a simple surface treatment step.
关键词： Ar plasma treatment,negative photo-conductivity,conductive atomic force microscope,resistive switching,SiO2/Cu stack
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogels with Uniformly Self-Assembled Polyaniline Nanosheets for Electromagnetic Absorption
摘要： Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO)/polyaniline (PANI) composite aerogels (GPA) with uniformly distributed PANI nanosheets were prepared by a facile self-assembly way. The fabricated hybrids present a cross-linked three-dimensional(3D) porous network and RGO sheets were covered by PANI sheets with controlled content. The unique architecture efficiently reduced agglomeration of RGO and enhanced the conductive loss of the material to incident wave. Specifically, the GPA composite with 50 wt% PANI showed excellent electromagnetic wave absorption capacity, the largest reflection loss (RL) value reached -48 dB with fill loading of only 3% and the qualified bandwidth (RL ≤-10 dB) covered the entire Ku band (12-18 GHz). The study is expected to pave the way to prepare wide qualified bandwidth and lightweight graphene-based electromagnetic wave absorption hybrids with controlled microstructure.
关键词： conductive network,3D porous structure,electromagnetic wave absorption,self-assembly,light weight
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
[Lecture Notes in Computer Science] Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision Volume 11259 (First Chinese Conference, PRCV 2018, Guangzhou, China, November 23-26, 2018, Proceedings, Part IV) || Conductive Particles Detection in the TFT-LCD Manufacturing Process with U-ResNet
摘要： The inspection of conductive particles after Anisotropic Conductive Film (ACF) bonding is a common and crucial step in the TFT-LCD manufacturing process since quality of conductive particles is an indicator of ACF bonding quality. Manual inspection under microscope is a time consuming and tedious work. There is a demand in industry for automatic conductive particle inspection system. The challenge of automatic conductive particle quality inspection is the complex background noise and diversified particle appearance, including shape, size, clustering and overlapping etc. As a result, there lacks effective automatic detection method to handle all the complex particle patterns. In this paper, we propose a U-shaped deep residual neural network (U-ResNet), which can learn features of particle from massive labeled data. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy and recall rate, which exceedingly outperforms the previous work.
关键词： Deep convolutional network,Conductive particles,TFT-LCD,U-ResNet
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01