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Synthesis of brass nanowires and their use for organic photovoltaics
摘要： Preponderant electric conductivity, high transmittance properties, and large natural abundance of its main component are striking features of copper nanowire (Cu NW)-based thin films. Because they are easily synthesized via low-cost solution-based processes, copper nanowires are considered an affordable next-generation conductor for transparent electrodes. Copper nanowire applications are expected to become more popular over the next decade. However, copper nanowire itself has a tremendously high surface-to-volume ratio and an abundance of surface atoms which lead to its high reactivity with the external environment. This reactivity presents a challenge for the improvement the long-term stability of copper nanowires, as it directly affects their applications. This novel study demonstrates a process to protect copper nanowires with an ultrathin stable brass layer-Cu/Brass NWs. The final product exhibited a high performance comparable to commonly used electrodes with a low sheet resistance of 30 Ω/sq at 89% transparency. Moreover, the Cu/Brass NWs resisted oxidation corrosion as the amplitude resistance fluctuated only around 3 Ω/sq for 30 days. For performance verification, an organic solar cell was fabricated using a Cu/Brass NW-based transparent electrode. It yielded an efficiency of 5.85%, reaching nearly that of a conventional cell using indium tin oxide. This demonstrates that Cu/Brass NWs are very promising for future application in low-cost optoelectronic devices.
关键词： Transparent electrode,Copper nanowire,Copper/brass nanowires,Electroless Zn plating,Organic solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Energy-Level Graded Al-doped ZnO Protection Layer for Copper Nanowire-Based Window Electrodes for Efficient Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Flexible perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted significant interest as promising candidates for portable and wearable devices. Copper nanowires (CuNWs) are promising candidates for transparent conductive electrodes for flexible PSCs because of their excellent conductivity, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. However, because of the thermal/chemical instability of CuNWs, they require a protective layer for application in PSCs. Previous PSCs with CuNW-based electrodes generally exhibited poor performances compared with their indium tin oxide (ITO)-based counterparts due to the neglect of the interfacial energetics between electron transport layer (ETL) and CuNWs. Herein, an Al-doped ZnO (AZO) protective layer fabricated using atomic layer deposition (ALD) is introduced. The AZO/CuNW-based composite electrode exhibits improved thermal/chemical stability and favorable band alignment between the ETL and CuNWs, based on the Al dopant concentration tuning. As a result, the Al content gradient AZO (g-AZO), composed of three successively deposited AZO layers, leads to highly efficient flexible PSCs with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.18%, whereas the PCE of PSCs with non-gradient AZO layer is 12.34%. This improvement can be attributed to the efficient electron extraction and reduced charge recombination. Furthermore, flexible PSCs based on g-AZO-based composite electrodes retain their initial PCE, even after 600 bending cycles, demonstrating excellent mechanical stability.
关键词： copper nanowire,flexible perovskite solar cell,transparent bottom electrode,energy level alignment,atomic layer deposition
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59