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[Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering] Microelectronics, Electromagnetics and Telecommunications Volume 521 (Proceedings of the Fourth ICMEET 2018) || Estimation of Water Contents from Vegetation Using Hyperspectral Indices
摘要： This paper outlines the research objectives to investigate the approaches for assessment of vegetation water contents using hyperspectral remote sensing and moisture sensor. Water contents of crops monitor crop health for precision farming and monitoring. In the present research, spectral indices with some chemical extraction procedures were identi?ed for estimation of water contents of crops. The investigated crop species, namely Vigna Radiata, Vigna Mungo, Pearl Millet, and Sorghum were collected from Aurangabad region of Maharashtra, India. Spectral re?ectance curve of crop growth patterns was measured using ASD ?eld Spec 4 Spectroradiometer and 150 Soil moisture sensor including healthy, diseased, and dry leaves with standard laboratory environment. It is found that there was a positive correlation between WI and Soil moisture sensor with 0.99, 0.76, and 0.97 accuracy.
关键词： Coef?cient of correlation,Crop analysis,Spectral indices,Spectral re?ectance
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference On Advances in Communication and Computing Technology (ICACCT) - Sangamner, India (2018.2.8-2018.2.9)] 2018 International Conference On Advances in Communication and Computing Technology (ICACCT) - An Analysis of Wavelet Based Dual Digital Image Watermarking Using SVD
摘要： Intellectual properties are being obtained and reproduced easily. This raises a serious question on the ownership of images. Hence content owners and service providers seek protection of digital multimedia through watermarking. Though watermark is inserted in host image it becomes difficult to prove ownership due to various attacks affecting the image. Hence watermarking should be as robust as possible maintaining the fidelity. As wavelet based image watermarking resembles the human visual system, it is gaining vital importance in protecting copyright information. In this paper a hybrid scheme based on DWT and SVD is implemented. Two watermarks are inserted in host image one by one. After decomposing the primary watermark image into four bands, SVD is applied to each band, and the same secondary watermark is embedded by modifying the singular values. In this way new watermark is generated which is then embedded into host image. Analysis of the method is done after performing different attacks such as rotation, addition of Gaussian and Poisson noise, average filtering etc. on the watermarked host image. The paper also implements dual image watermarking schemes based on DWT and SVD separately. Correlation coefficient of extracted secondary watermark is 0.23481 in SVD based technique whereas in DWT based technique it is 0.74443 for Gaussian noise attack. On the other hand for DWT-SVD based method it is 0.88701. Thus performance of combined DWT-SVD dual image watermarking is proven optimised in comparison with the previously mentioned two methods.
关键词： singular value decomposition,optimisation technique,correlation coefficient,robustness,discrete wavelet transform,Watermark
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Effect of dissipation and dipole-dipole interplay on Hilbert-Schmidt distance of two qubits interacting with two-mode cavity field
摘要： An analytical description is obtained for a system composed of two two-level atoms (qubits) coupled via dipole-dipole interplay by Su(1; 1) and Su(2) Lie group. Both qubits interact with two-mode open cavity through a non-degenerate two-photon process. We explore the influence of the dissipation rate on the non-classical correlation, based on the Hilbert-Schmidt distance and Bell’s inequality correlations. The robustness of the generated non-classical correlations depend not only on the dipole-dipole interplay but also on the dissipation rate and the initial coherence intensity. The non-classical correlations can be enhanced for some selected values of the dipole-dipole interaction.
关键词： Intrinsic Noise,Hilbert-Schmidt distance correlation,Su Lie group
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Study on the influence of phase noise on coherent beam combined Bessel-Gaussian beam
摘要： Coherent beam combining (CBC) technology is one of the effective methods to obtain the high power laser beam, but the quality of the combined beam is significantly affected by the random phase noise among the sub-beams. In this work, a method for generating a combined Bessel-Gaussian (CBG) beam based on CBC technology is proposed. The correlation coefficient is adopted to evaluate the influence of phase noise on CBG beam including the Gaussian phase noise (GPN) and measured fiber laser phase noise (FLPN). The research results of GPN show that the spiral phase of the n-order CBG beam is unaffected by noise when the amplitude of phase noise is less than λ/5. The phase noise of fiber laser is measured, and its amplitude is around λ/10. Therefore, the spiral phase of the CBG beam is unaffected by the measured FLPN. Moreover, the resisted ability of the CBG beam against phase noise is improved efficiently through increasing the number of sub-beams.
关键词： Phase noise,Vortex beam,Coherent beam combining technology,Correlation coefficient
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[Essentials in Ophthalmology] Advances in Vision Research, Volume II (Genetic Eye Research in Asia and the Pacific) || The Genetics of Inherited Retinal Diseases in the Israeli and Palestinian Populations: A Lesson from Populations with High Rates of Consanguinity
摘要： Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are disorders that cause visual loss mainly due to photoreceptor degeneration. The prevalence of IRDs in the Israeli and Palestinian populations was reported to be higher compared to other studied populations. The structures of the Israeli and Palestinian populations are unique mainly because of the large number of ethnic groups. In addition, high rates of consanguinity and intra-community marriages resulted in a high proportion of families with autosomal recessive inheritance patterns. The study of Israeli and Palestinian IRD families resulted so far in the identification of mutations in 74 IRD genes, including 23 novel genes that were identified mainly using the homozygosity mapping and whole exome sequencing techniques. The history and tradition of these populations led to common founder mutations that are usually subpopulation-specific. Such mutations allow a more efficient genetic analysis in searching for the causative gene. However, some founder mutations are shared among different ethnicities and are likely to be the result of a common origin of these ethnic groups, which may have an estimated divergence time of a few thousand years. There is a large variability of retinal phenotypes among patients, while mutations in the same gene can result either in the same phenotype or variable phenotypes that are usually mutation-dependent. There is currently no cure for the vast majority of IRD types; however recent advances bring new hope for curing or at least delaying the degeneration process in the near future.
关键词： Population,Genotype-phenotype correlation,Heterogeneous disease,Mutation,Consanguinity,Retinitis pigmentosa,Gene,Homozygosity mapping
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Positive and negative correlations in computational ghost imaging for a grayscale object
摘要： Our previous work has studied the positive-negative correlations in computational ghost imaging for a binary object. In this work, we focus on the computational ghost imaging system for a grayscale object. We studied the second-order correlation function of this system, and gave the criterion of the positive and negative correlations. Furthermore, this criterion was verified by using numerical simulations.
关键词： computational ghost imaging,grayscale object,second-order correlation function,positive-negative correlations
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Preservation of Bone Tissue Integrity with Temperature Control for In Situ SR-MicroCT Experiments
摘要： Digital volume correlation (DVC), combined with in situ synchrotron microcomputed tomography (SR-microCT) mechanics, allows for 3D full-field strain measurement in bone at the tissue level. However, long exposures to SR radiation are known to induce bone damage, and reliable experimental protocols able to preserve tissue properties are still lacking. This study aims to propose a proof-of-concept methodology to retain bone tissue integrity, based on residual strain determination using DVC, by decreasing the environmental temperature during in situ SR-microCT testing. Compact and trabecular bone specimens underwent five consecutive full tomographic data collections either at room temperature or 0 °C. Lowering the temperature seemed to reduce microdamage in trabecular bone but had minimal effect on compact bone. A consistent temperature gradient was measured at each exposure period, and its prolonged effect over time may induce localised collagen denaturation and subsequent damage. DVC provided useful information on irradiation-induced microcrack initiation and propagation. Future work is necessary to apply these findings to in situ SR-microCT mechanical tests, and to establish protocols aiming to minimise the SR irradiation-induced damage of bone.
关键词： temperature control,bone,digital volume correlation,SR-microCT,tissue damage,X-ray radiation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Shape-modulated multiple exciton generation and optoelectronic properties in PbSe nanostructures
摘要： Multiple exciton generation (MEG) in semiconductor nanostructures is of great interest for the enhancement of related performances in optoelectronic devices and for the shape dependence of conversion ef?ciency with which absorbed photons are converted into electron-hole pairs. However, theoretical insight into the coupling effects from the size and shape gradient on the MEG and related optoelectronic properties at the atomic level remains unclear. Here, we investigate the MEG and optoelectronic properties in PbSe nanostructures with different morphologies (nanocrystals, nanowires, and nanocones) based on the bond relaxation correlation mechanism, detailed balance principle, and Fermi statistical theory. It is found that size reduction of nanostructures can increase the bandgap, suppress the threshold energy, and enhance the MEG ef?ciency. Moreover, optimal conversion ef?ciency of PbSe nanostructures can be achieved by modulating the geometrical parameters.
关键词： bond relaxation correlation mechanism,PbSe nanostructures,Fermi statistical theory,Multiple exciton generation,optoelectronic properties
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA) - V?ster?s, Sweden (2018.9.3-2018.9.6)] 2018 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA) - Toward Standard Near-Field Measurement Solutions for Stochastic Electromagnetic Fields
摘要： This paper investigates directions towards standardization of Near-Field measurement solutions for stochastic electromagnetic fields. An overview of Single-Probe, Dual-probe and Multi-Probe Array based measurements for deterministic fields is given and their capabilities and performances including test-time for industrial deployment are discussed. Importance of Field-Field correlation based analysis is underlined both from an experimental and modeling stand points and finally for combination of measurements and full-wave EM modeling.
关键词： Correlation,Field-Field Correlation,Stochastic Electromagnetic Field,Spintronic,Near Field imaging
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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High-speed velocimetry in microfluidic protein mixers using confocal fluorescence decay microscopy
摘要： A method to measure fluid speeds on the order of 10,000 mm/s in microchannels is presented. A microfluidic protein mixer is manufactured with a 170 μm microscope coverslip bottom that interfaces with a confocal florescence microscope using a water-immersed Olympus UPLSAPO 60XW objective to create a diffraction-limited confocal volume. A diode laser with a repetition rate of 1 MHz is used to study Poiseuille flows at average speeds of 5000, 6000 and 7000 mm/s by exciting tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate solution at 1 μmol/L concentration flowing through the micro-mixer in the confocal volume. Decays collected using a time-correlated single photon counting card at each grid point are characterized by the first moment of the decay and curve fitted with the theoretical Poiseuille flow solutions. It was found that curve fitting with higher average speeds results in lower errors. A fluorescence correlation study was then carried out at different depths in the micro-mixer to understand the raw data profiles observed using the diode laser. A mixing study was then carried out using a Ti-Sapphire laser with a repetition rate of 3.8 MHz. A Poiseuille flow at 7000 mm/s was measured using the Ti-Sapphire laser and then curve fitted to the theoretical Poiseuille flow solution. The curve fit was then applied to the complicated flow region to determine speed. Results of the experimental mixing study are also compared to direct numerical simulation results.
关键词： Microfluidic protein mixers,High-speed velocimetry,Poiseuille flows,Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy,Confocal fluorescence decay microscopy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46