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- 2018
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- Rajarshi Rananjay Sinh Institute of Management and Technology
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Sozopol, Bulgaria (2019.9.6-2019.9.8)] 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - 1GHz All-Fiber Laser Frequency Comb
摘要： We study battery filling policies with hard deadlines when the supply of energy can be modulated. This occurs for example with an electric plug-in vehicle using an adjustable electricity service for charging; such a service is offered in some countries as a means to provide flexibility to operators, and typically involves non-scheduled service reductions combined with a service guarantee that constrains these reductions. The problem for the battery user is to determine a charging policy, which we call a "consumption policy," that meets a given "full battery" deadline while minimizing the energy cost (i.e., the bill paid to the electricity provider). As the charging efficiency is diminishing with respect to consumption, it is not optimal to charge as much and as early as possible. On the other hand service reductions cannot be predicted but it is possible to gain some information on the worst case reduction by analyzing past reductions. In this context, the computation of a causal consumption policy is an open problem. In this paper we consider a battery user interested in charging her battery while minimizing the worst case cost, where the total cost is a sum of two terms that reflect (i) the total energy consumption and (ii) the distance to a full battery at the deadline. We prove that there exists a causal consumption policy that minimizes the worst-case cost of the user. We find that the policy is threshold-based and give an efficient method to explicitly compute it at any time based solely on knowledge of past reductions, of the service guarantees and on the current distance to completion. Our method is based on the use of service curves and game theory.
关键词： battery management,service curves,Adjustable supply,repeated game,worst-case cost
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 24th Microoptics Conference (MOC) - Toyama, Japan (2019.11.17-2019.11.20)] 2019 24th Microoptics Conference (MOC) - Three-dimensional observation of polymer and liquid crystal director in highly oriented liquid crystal / polymer composite films which show electro-optical transparency-turbidity switching
摘要： Cameras embedded in consumer devices have previously been used as physiological information sensors. The waveform of the photoplethysmographic image (PPGi) signals may be significantly affected by the light spectra and intensity. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of PPGi waveform acquisition in the red, green, and blue channels using a commercial camera in different light conditions. The system, developed for this paper, comprises of a commercial camera and light sources with varied spectra and intensities. Signals were acquired from the fingertips of 12 healthy subjects. Extensive experiments, using different wavelength lights and white light with variation light intensities, respectively, reported in this paper, showed that almost all light spectra can acquire acceptable pulse rates, but only 470-, 490-, 505-, 590-, 600-, 610-, 625-, and 660-nm wavelength lights showed better performance in PPGi waveform compared with gold standard. With lower light intensity, the light spectra >600 nm still showed better performance. The change in pulse amplitude (ac) and dc amplitude was also investigated with the different light intensity and light spectra. With increasing light intensity, the dc amplitude increased, whereas ac component showed an initial increase followed by a decrease. Most of the subjects achieved their maximum averaging ac output when averaging dc output was in the range from 180 to 220 pixel values (8 b, 255 maximum pixel value). The results suggested that an adaptive solution could be developed to optimize the design of PPGi-based physiological signal acquisition devices in different light conditions.
关键词： Photoplethysmographic image,light intensity,light spectrum,low-cost camera
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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OLED Lighting: The Differentiation Challenge
摘要： OLED lighting trails inorganic LEDs in almost every market segment, and therefore has to play catch-up. OLED displays are likely to lose this battle in the short and medium term, given that OLED displays are both under-performing and over-priced. The endgame, however, is promising because customers will buy OLED devices if the cost and performance gap substantially narrows. Lighting companies have little choice but to hedge their bets and stay the course with OLEDs or else risk losing out in the decades to come. In the meantime, these companies need to create stepping stones that generate at least limited cash flow and allow them to accumulate production/marketing experience. In fact, substantial innovation and pressure are building up in the value chain, which will ultimately enable a cost reduction in OLED lighting.
关键词： performance gap,OLED lighting,LED lighting,design attributes,cost reduction
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) - Juan-les-Pins, France (2019.9.30-2019.10.4)] 2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) - Performance of Solar Cell Grids based on Ag, Au, and Al for Cost-Effective Manufacturing
摘要： We report on the performance of front contact grids based on Ag, Al, and Au applied to III?V multijunction solar cells. We compare their suitability as grid metals from different perspectives, including price, mass-to-conductivity ratio, and abundance. The grid functionality was evaluated by performing charge transport experiments under simulated sunlight. The best solar cell performance was obtained for Ag contacts. On the other hand, Al and Ag provide the most cost-effective approach: when compared to Au, the cost for the grid material for equal conductivities is only about 1.1% for the Ag contacts, and 0.7% for Al.
关键词： cost-effectivity,solar cell,grid design,III?V heterostructures
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 3rd Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC) - Chongqing, China (2019.10.11-2019.10.13)] 2019 IEEE 3rd Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC) - Capacity Configuration Method of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Generation System
摘要： To enhance photovoltaic (PV) utilization of stand-alone PV generation system, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) capacity configuration method with unit energy storage capacity cost (UC)and capacity redundancy ratio (CRR) as the evaluation indexes is proposed, which is considering different types of load. First, the HESS power difference between the load demand power and the PV output power is obtained by the method, which is allocated by the low-pass filtering algorithm. According to the characteristics of power type and energy type energy storage device, the low frequency component is borne by the energy-type energy storage device, and the high-frequency component is borne by the power-type energy storage device, taking HESS charging and discharging efficiency，SOC upper and lower limits and capacity attenuation as the constraints. Then, based on the whole life cycle cost, analyzing the different effects of different PV power generation energy and load types on the indexes. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method are analyzed by 3 actual examples.
关键词： capacity configuration,hybrid energy storage system (HESS),Stand-Alone photovoltaic (PV) System,whole-life-cycle cost
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Bifacial IFO/(n+pp+)Cz-Si/ITO solar cells with full-area Al-alloyed BSF and Ag-free multi-wire metallization suitable for low-concentration systems
摘要： Bifacial solar cells have received considerable attention due to the potential to achieve higher energy yield compared to monofacial cells. However, in bifacial cells, p+-Si layers are usually produced by boron diffusion, which makes such cells more expensive compared to monofacial cells with a full-area screen-printed Al-alloyed Al-p+ back-surface-field (BSF). Recently, we have demonstrated proof-of-concept that bifacial cells, which, in addition, are also suitable for application in low-concentration systems (3–6 suns), can be produced from commercially available, standard monofacial SiNx/(n+pp+)Cz-Si/Al structures with full-area Al-p+-BSF. For this purpose, the residual Al paste was removed and a number of solar cells were prepared differing in the sheet resistance of the Al-p+-BSF (Rp+), which was varied from 14 Ω/sq to 123 Ω/sq by thinning the Al-p+ layer using one-sided etch-back process. Thinning of the Al-p+-BSF significantly improved the efficiency under 1-sun front/rear-side illumination: from 16.0%/7.5% (at Rp+ = 14 Ω/sq) to 17.5%/11.2% (at Rp+ = 81 Ω/sq). The equivalent efficiency at 1-sun front illumination and 20/50% albedo of 1-sun illumination increased from 17.7%/20.1% (at Rp+ = 14 Ω/sq) to 19.9%/23.5% (at Rp+ = 81 Ω/sq). In this paper, we present the results of systematic study of the developed bifacial cells. Thinning-induced changes in the properties of the cells are analyzed in detail. The critical aspects which might explain the performance of the developed cells are addressed. In addition, bifacial cells are compared with standard monofacial cells fabricated using the precursor of the same batch.
关键词： Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis,Transparent conductive oxide,Ag-cost reduction,Bifacial concentrator silicon solar cell,Multi-wire metallization,Al-alloyed BSF
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Chengdu, China (2019.5.21-2019.5.24)] 2019 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Optimized Capacity Configuration of Photovoltaic Generation and Energy Storage for Residential Microgrid
摘要： With the energy crisis and environmental protection problems, residential photovoltaic generation technology has developed rapidly. This paper studies the optimized capacity configuration of photovoltaic generation and energy storage for residential microgrids containing photovoltaic generation and energy storage systems. An energy management strategy based on energy storage is proposed. Considering the electricity cost, electricity income and the cost of photovoltaic generation and energy storage system, the optimized capacity configuration model of photovoltaic generation and energy storage with the largest investment benefit/cost ratio is established. The genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem. Finally, the validity of the model and the solution method is verified in the specific residential microgrid.
关键词： optimized capacity configuration,residential microgrid,investment benefit/cost ratio
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Giant detectivity of ZnO-based self-powered UV photodetector by inserting an engineered back gold layer using RF sputtering
摘要： The realization of high-responsivity, self-powered and low-cost ultraviolet (UV) photodetector (PD) based on eco-friendly and earth-abundant compounds, remains far from satisfactory for future optoelectronic applications. In this paper, we demonstrated a new high-performance UV-PD based on planar ZnO thin-film, efficiently operating without any power supply. The proposed device was elaborated by evaporating an engineered back metallic layer onto the glass substrate and then depositing ZnO thin layer through RF sputtering technique. The sensor structural and optical properties were systematically analyzed by the techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–Vis absorbance spectrometry. The resulted ZnO UV-PD showcased a clear and distinctive photovoltaic behavior. Interestingly, it also demonstrated a high responsivity of 0.38A/W and a giant detectivity exceeding 1014 Jones at zero bias, which is much higher than other reported self-powered UV-PD despite the use of an All-ZnO structure. The device photodetecting mechanism in self-driven mode was discussed using the energy band diagram, where the key role of the engineered back metallic layer in modulating the electric field distribution within the ZnO active region to effectively achieve an asymmetric behavior is emphasized. Therefore, the presented work offers a novel pathway to design high-responsivity self-powered UV-PDs based on a simple All-ZnO structure.
关键词： detectivity,ZnO,Self-powered,low cost,UV photodetectors,RF sputtering
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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3-D-Printed Modified Butler Matrix Based on Gap Waveguide at W-Band for Monopulse Radar
摘要： This article presents the design and fabrication of low-loss, -weight, and -cost, modified Butler matrix in groove gap waveguide technology at W-band, implemented by additive manufacturing. The design, simulations, and measurements of the elements that conform to the modified Butler each of matrix are presented. The proposed modified Butler matrix is asymmetric and oriented to an easy assembly with a radial antenna in order to obtain simultaneous sum and difference patterns for a narrowband radar application. The measured individual components of the modified Butler matrix fit very well with the simulations. As for the full modified Butler matrix, measurements provide a 0.7% bandwidth below ?20 dB for sum and difference ports centered at 94 GHz. The amplitude and phase imbalance are below 1.5 dB and 20?, respectively. This narrow bandwidth is due to the difference in length between input and output ports due to the asymmetry of the design. The total losses of the modified Butler matrix are below 1 dB.
关键词： low profile,distribution network,Additive manufacturing,butler matrix,low cost,W-band,point-to-point communications,low weight,groove gap waveguide (GGW),radar,low loss,monopulse,space debris
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Surveying the Solar Power Gap: Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Emerging Photovoltaic Solar Adoption in the State of Georgia, U.S.A.
摘要： Despite a global push in the development and implementation of widespread alternative energy use, significant disparities exist across given nation-states. These disparities reflect both technical and economic factors, as well as the social, political, and ecological gaps between how communities see energy development and national/global policy goals. Known as the “local-national gap”, many nations struggle with fostering meaningful conversations about the role of alternative energy technologies within communities. Mitigation of this problem first requires understanding the distribution of existing alternative energy technologies at the local level of policymaking. To address the limitation of existing adoption trend analysis at the scale of local governance (e.g., county governments), this paper demonstrates a novel method for contextualizing solar technology adoption by using the State of Georgia in the United States as an exemplar. Leveraging existing work on the Gini Coefficient as a metric for measuring energy inequity, we argue these tools can be applied to analyze where gaps exist in ongoing solar adoption trends. As we demonstrate, communities that adopt solar tend to be concentrated in a few counties, indicating existing conversations are limited to a circumscribed set of social networks. This information and the model we demonstrate can enable focused qualitative analyses of existing solar trends, not only among high-adoption areas but within communities where little to no adoption has occurred.
关键词： NIMBY,solar energy,Georgia,Gini coefficient,local-national gap,soft cost reduction,Lorenz curves,technology adoption,community development
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52