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STED Direct Laser Writing of 45 nm Width Nanowire
摘要： Controlled fabrication of 45 nm width nanowire using simulated emission depletion (STED) direct laser writing with a rod-shape effective focus spot is presented. In conventional STED direct laser writing, normally a donut-shaped depletion focus is used, and the minimum linewidth is restricted to 55 nm. In this work, we push this limit to sub-50 nm dimension with a rod-shape effective focus spot, which is the combination of a Gaussian excitation focus and twin-oval depletion focus. Effects of photoinitiator type, excitation laser power, and depletion laser power on the width of the nanowire are explored, respectively. Single nanowire with 45 nm width is obtained, which is λ/18 of excitation wavelength and the minimum linewidth in pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) photoresist. Our result accelerates the progress of achievable linewidth reduction in STED direct laser writing.
关键词： STED direct laser writing,45 nm width,controlled fabrication,rod-shape effective focus
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[Laser Institute of America ICALEO? 2015: 34th International Congress on Laser Materials Processing, Laser Microprocessing and Nanomanufacturing - Atlanta, Georgia, USA (October 18–22, 2015)] International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics - Rapid direct laser writing of microfluidic device on siloxane molds for microreplication
摘要： Microfluidic devices are usually made by replication with PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) from masters produced using MEMS microfabrication technology. PDMS is the material of choice for pattern transfer due to its flexibility, chemical stability, and low surface energy. Creating functional microfluidic devices that integrate manipulation components (i.e., micro-filters or mixers) using MEMS technology is a costly and time consuming operation. This limits the ability to test design variants through agile, rapid prototyping of the device. Direct PDMS fabrication is an attractive alternative which require a direct writing technology. This work demonstrates direct structuring of PDMS with picoseconds pulsed laser, used for rapid creation of a mould for replication of the devices themselves. The main hindrance found in PDMS direct writing is the generation of decomposed layers which limits the further processing and compromises surface quality. The first results demonstrated that a microfluidic device with integrated functional microfeatures can be effectively fabricated without the formation of decomposed PDMS by carefully optimising the laser parameters and machining strategy. Complete 3x3mm microfluidic devices (with the integration of multistage filter components) were thus fabricated in under 2 minutes with lateral resolution down to 10μm. Hence, an optimized set of parameters allows fast rapid prototyping of microfluidic devices for development and proof of new concepts, using ultrafast lasers.
关键词： microfluidic devices,picoseconds pulsed laser,direct laser writing,rapid prototyping,PDMS
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Microcontact Printing with Laser Direct Writing Carbonization for Facile Fabrication of Carbon‐Based Ultrathin Disk Arrays and Ordered Holey Films
摘要： A nanometer-thick carbon film with a highly ordered pattern structure is very useful in a variety of applications. However, its large-scale, high-throughput, and low-cost fabrication is still a great challenge. Herein, microcontact printing (μCP) and direct laser writing carbonization (DLWc) are combined to develop a novel method that enables ease of fabrication of nanometer-thick and regularly patterned carbon disk arrays (CDAs) and holey carbon films (HCFs) from a pyromellitic dianhydride-oxydianiline-based polyamic acid (PAA) solution. The effect of PAA concentration and pillar lattice structure of the polydimethyl siloxane stamp are systematically studied for their influence on the geometrical parameter, surface morphology, and chemical structure of the finally achieved CDAs and HCFs. Within the PAA concentration being investigated, the averaged thickness of CDAs and HCFs can be tailored in a range from a few tens to a few hundred of nanometers. The μCP+DLWc-enabled electrically conductive CDAs and HCFs possess the characteristics of ease-of-fabrication, nanometer-thickness, highly regular and controlled patterns and structures, and the ability to form on both hard and soft substrates, which imparts usefulness in electronics, photonics, energy storage, catalysis, tissue engineering, as well as physical, chemical, and bio-sensing applications.
关键词： direct laser writing carbonization,holey carbon films,microcontact printing,carbon disk arrays
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Simultaneous Photoreduction and Nitrogen Doping of Graphene Oxide for Supercapacitors by Direct Laser Writing
摘要： Graphene-based supercapacitors have attracted tremendous attention owing to their outstanding electrochemical performance. In terms of material, nitrogen(N)-doped graphene(NDG) displays enhanced specific capacitance and rate performance compared with bare graphene used as a supercapacitor electrode. However, it still remains a challenge to develop a facile and simple method of NDG in cost-effective manner. Here, we used a simple direct laser writing technique to accomplish the simultaneous photoreduction and N-doping of graphene oxide(GO) using urea as a N source. The N content of the resultant reduced N-doped graphene oxide(NGO) reached a maximum value of 6.37%. All reduced NGO(NRGO)-based supercapacitors exhibited a higher specific capacitance than those based on pure reduced GO(RGO). Interestingly, the electrochemical performance of NRGO-based supercapacitors varied with different contents of N species. Therefore, we can control the properties of the obtained NRGOs by adjusting the doping ratios, an important step in developing effective graphene-based energy storage devices.
关键词： Simultaneous photoreduction and nitrogen-doping,Direct laser writing,Graphene based supercapacitor
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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It’s in the Fine Print: Erasable Three-Dimensional Laser-Printed Micro- and Nanostructures
摘要： 3D printing, on all scales, is currently a vibrant topic in scientific and industrial research as it has enormous potential to radically change manufacturing. Due to the inherent nature of the manufacturing process, 3D printed structures may require additional material to structurally support complex features. Such support material must be removed after printing – sometimes termed subtractive manufacturing – without adversely affecting the remaining structure. An elegant solution is the use of photoresists containing labile bonds that allow for controlled cleavage with specific triggers. Herein, we explore state-of-the-art cleavable photoresists for 3D direct laser writing, as well as their potential to combine additive and subtractive manufacturing in a hybrid technology. We discuss photoresist design, feature resolution, cleavage properties, and current limitations of selected examples. Furthermore, we share our perspective on possible labile bonds, and their corresponding cleavage trigger, which we believe will have critical impact on future applications and expand the toolbox of available cleavable photoresists.
关键词： direct laser writing,labile bonds,photochemistry,3D printing,degradable materials
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Angers, France (2019.7.9-2019.7.13)] 2019 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Direct Laser Writing Using Chalcogenide Thin Films
摘要： Direct laser writing has been performed in thin AMTIR-1 layers. By using 10 ns laser pulses, 250 nm thick lines have been written by tightly focusing the laser beam on the thin film layers. The possibility to enhance this resolution by using the Sb2Te3 material as super-resolution mask is also discussed.
关键词： saturable absorption,direct laser writing,Z-scan,super-resolution,nonlinear optics,chalcogenide glasses
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Micro-Dumbbells—A Versatile Tool for Optical Tweezers
摘要： Manipulation of micro- and nano-sized objects with optical tweezers is a well-established, albeit still evolving technique. While many objects can be trapped directly with focused laser beam(s), for some applications indirect manipulation with tweezers-operated tools is preferred. We introduce a simple, versatile micro-tool operated with holographic optical tweezers. The 40 μm long dumbbell-shaped tool, fabricated with two-photon laser 3D photolithography has two beads for efficient optical trapping and a probing spike on one end. We demonstrate fluids viscosity measurements and vibration detection as examples of possible applications.
关键词： direct laser writing,3D lithography,optical tweezers,viscosity,two-photon polymerization,micro-tool,optical trapping
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36