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Efficiency Enhancement of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Tia??Nb Alloy Photoanodes with Mesoporous Oxide Surface
摘要： A native mesoporous titanium-niobium oxides layer on a Ti-6wt%Nb alloy sheet surface prepared through H2O2 pretreatment was successfully developed as an ef?cient photoanode for a dye-sensitized cell (DCCS). This alloyed mesoporous structure not only provided an increased surface area in contact with screen-printed TiO2 nanoparticles but also enabled Nb alloying in sintered nanoparticle deposits. Improvement of energy conversion ef?ciency of DSSCs can be increased up to 22% using H2O2 pretreatments with a proper post-annealing, and the mesoporous Ti–Nb photoanodes enhanced conversion ef?ciency by 15.2% to 18.3%, compared with unalloyed structures. EIS results under dark current indicate that DSSCs with mesoporous Ti–Nb photoanode exhibited a greater inhibition of recombination of electrons and holes at the interfaces of Nb-doped TiO2/dye/electrolyte layer due to energy barriers.
关键词： Efficiency enhancement,Mesoporous oxide surface,Ti–Nb alloy,Photoanodes,Dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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New Zn(II) Complexes of Substituted bis(Salicylidene)phenyl-1,2-diamino Based Organic Ligands: Synthesis, Photoluminescence, Applications in Forensic Fingerprint and Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： New azomethine-Zn(II) complexes of bis(salicylidene)phenyl-1,2-diamino organic ligand derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of salicylaldehyde, substituted phenyl-1,2-diamine with zinc acetate. The synthesized complexes were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and EDS. Their photophysical and electrochemical properties were studied and their applicability for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and forensic finger print developments have been demonstrated. Photoluminescence studies revealed that the emission peaks of the complexes in solution state appeared at 372-406 nm and emitted blue light. Latent fingerprint detection study indicated that the powder compounds show good adhesion and finger ridge details without back ground staining. Based on these results, it was ascertained that these Zn(II) complexes can serve as a suitable non-dopant blue light emitting compound for flat panel display applications and applied to detect fingerprints on all types of smooth surfaces.
关键词： Latent finger print,Dye sensitized solar cells,Photoluminescence,Schiff base,Cyclic voltammetry,Zinc(II),Complexes
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Sol-Gel Processed TiO2 Nanotube Photoelectrodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance
摘要： The performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) critically depends on the efficiency of electron transport within the TiO2-dye-electrolyte interface. To improve the efficiency of the electron transfer the conventional structure of the working electrode (WE) based on TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) was replaced with TiO2 nanotubes (NTs). Sol-gel method was used to prepare undoped and Nb-doped TiO2 NPs and TiO2 NTs. The crystallinity and morphology of the WEs were characterized using XRD, SEM and TEM techniques. XPS and PL measurements revealed a higher concentration of oxygen-related defects at the surface of NPs-based electrodes compared to that based on NTs. Replacement of the conventional NPs-based TiO2 WE with alternative led to a 15% increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the DSCs. The effect is attributed to the more efficient transfer of charge carriers in the NTs-based electrodes due to lower defect concentration. The suggestion was confirmed experimentally by electrical impedance spectroscopy measurements when we observed the higher recombination resistance at the TiO2 NTs-electrolyte interface compared to that at the TiO2 NPs-electrolyte interface. Moreover, Nb-doping of the TiO2 structures yields an additional 14% PCE increase. The application of Nb-doped TiO2 NTs as photo-electrode enables the fabrication of a DSC with an efficiency of 8.1%, which is 35% higher than that of a cell using a TiO2 NPs. Finally, NTs-based DSCs have demonstrated a 65% increase in the PCE value, when light intensity was decreased from 1000 to 10 W/m2 making such kind device be promising alternative indoor PV applications when the intensity of incident light is low.
关键词： nanotubes,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,dye-sensitized solar cells,semiconductor-liquid interface,charge traps
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A rational design of excellent light-absorbing dyes with different N-substituents at the phenothiazine for high efficiency solar cells
摘要： Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted great interest due to their simple fabrication process and low cost. However, most organic dyes with D-π-A configuration usually exhibit narrow absorption band, leading to poor light harvesting ability and great loss on photon conversion efficiency. In this research, a series of excellent light-absorbing dyes (CC202-I – CC202-III) with different N-substituents at phenothiazine entities based on the champion dye CC202 were designed and investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT). According to the analysis of absorption property, the results demonstrated that different N-substituents (12-crown-4-substituted phenyl, 4-hexoxyphenyl, and bare phenyl) at phenothiazine entities lead to stronger and broader absorption band as well as red-shifted spectra; moreover, larger electronic injection driving force (ΔGinject), regeneration driving force (ΔGreg), capability of light harvested (LHE(λ)strong) and maximal photon generated current (Jph) in CC202-I – CC202-III are observed compared to that of CC202, which further increase JSC. Additionally, a larger VOC can be obtained in CC202-I – CC202-III due to larger dipole moment (μnormal) and slow electron recombination rate. Considering the all calculated characteristics related to JSC, dyes with 12-crown-4-substituted phenyl, 4-hexoxyphenyl, and bare phenyl substituent on phenothiazine can effectively enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency of DSSCs.
关键词： Dye-sensitized solar cells,Electronic structure,Density functional theory,Light-absorbing
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Light soaking effect driven in porphyrin dye-sensitized solar cells using 1D TiO2 nanotube photoanodes
摘要： Light soaking (LS) effect on porphyrin (GD2) dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using well-ordered TiO2 nanotube (TNT) photoanodes was studied with different lengths of TNTs and LS treatment time. The TNT array possessing longer length and larger tube diameter had improved photoelectrochemical (PEC) property by generating larger photocurrent, and besides provided a larger surface area to yield more dye loading. The LS effect on GD2-applied DSSCs using TNT photoanodes was triggered off in the first 5 min of the LS treatment, and gradually increased during 60 min LS treatment. The improved PEC property and dye loading by longer TNT array (22 μm) led to the noticeable enhancement rate of power conversion efficiency from 0.7% to 1.88% (168 % increase) after 60 min LS treatment, which was more prominent compared to the enhancement of GD2-applied DSSCs using mesoporous TiO2 films. Especially, morphological property of well-ordered 1D TNT photoanodes offers more spaces to facilitate the cation exchange in electrolyte system, leading to enhancing electron injection and reducing recombination under the LS condition. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results confirmed the contribution of well-aligned 1D TNT structure to significant LS effect in GD2-applied DSSCs.
关键词： anodization,TiO2 nanotube,Photoelectrode,Porphyrin,Light soaking,Dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Role of Carbon Nanotubes to Enhance the Long-Term Stability of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： Improving the long-term stability of Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is a critical challenge which affects both their technical viability and future large-scale commercialization. Here, we investigate the role of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in improving the long-term stability of DSSCs by comparing the performance of two series of devices made of (i) bare nanocrystalline TiO2 and (ii) MWCNTs-TiO2 composite anode, exposed to continuous simulated sunlight, indoor and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. The DSSCs based on the composite anode showed approximately three times longer stability compared to the standard device. To understand the degradation mechanisms that underpin these changes in device performance, both devices were characterized using various techniques. The results indicate that the MWCNTs can act as a conductive support, reinforcing the TiO2 nanoparticles matrix and offering a directional path to the photo-injected electrons, which enhances electron lifetime and reduces the carrier recombination rate. UV stability measurements demonstrated that MWCNTs can partially absorb and act as a blocking agent for UV light, thereby preventing degradation. The Raman spectra showed that dye desorption was decreased by the addition of MWCNTs. Our results provide a fundamental understanding of photoanode degradation mechanisms under illumination and offer a simple, low-cost and large-area scalable approach to fabricate long-term stable solar energy conversion devices.
关键词： Multi-walled carbon nanotubes,Long-term stability,Dye-sensitized solar cells,hybrid composite,degradation mechanism
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Prickly pear fruit extract as photosensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cell
摘要： In this study, we have explored prickly pear fruit extract as a photosensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The photosensitizer was isolated from prickly pear fruits by extraction method using ethanol as solvent. Structural, morphological and optical properties of prickly pear extract characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-VIS-DRS, FTIR spectra, respectively. UV-VIS absorption and FTIR spectra of prickly pear fruit extract confirm the presence of betacyanin and hydroxyl groups anchoring onto the TiO2 surface. The absorption maxima at 534 nm in the visible region is prominent. The presence of betacyanin in the extract is indicative that the dye will be useful as a sensitizer in DSSC. Reflectance edge of TiO2 is red-shifted upon the adsorption of natural dye. The XPS analysis showed the charge state of hydroxyl (O-H) groups that are attached with the natural dye adsorbed onto the surface of TiO2. The fabricated DSSC had a conversion efficiency (?) of 0.56 % with highest fill factor (FF) of 85.0%, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.56 V and short circuit-current density (Jsc) with 1.17 mA/cm2. The value obtained for the fill factor is promising to further explore the prickly pear extract for applicability in DSSC by improving the efficiency.
关键词： Dye-sensitized solar cells,Hydroxyl groups,Prickly pear fruit extract,Photosensitizer,TiO2,Fill factor,Betacyanin,Conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Plasmonic mesoporous core-shell Ag-Au@TiO2 photoanodes for efficient light harvesting in dye sensitized solar cells
摘要： In this study, plasmonic mesoporous core-shell Ag-Au@TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by seed-mediated growth of Ag shell onto Au decorated TiO2 and utilized as photoanodes to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells. The enhanced preserved mesoporous characteristics of photoanodes, together with strong metal-dielectric interfacial interaction between Ag-Au shell, remarkably improved electron transfer ability onto TiO2, which caused to the enhancement of the light harvesting (η = 7.41% using Ag-Au@TiO2) 125% higher than bare TiO2 (η = 5.91%). These superior PCE value was mainly due to the shifting of the Fermi level close to the TiO2 conduction band thanks to the broad band localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties between Ag-Au and TiO2 interfaces. The significant outperforming in enhanced solar to electrical energy conversion efficiency using low amount of Ag-Au@TiO2 photoanode (0.0125 wt%) demonstrated a relative low-cost solar device from the economic perspective of renewable energy fabrication resources.
关键词： Metal core-shell nanoparticles,Mesoporous structures,Plasmonic TiO2,Dye-sensitized solar cells,Localized surface plasmon resonance
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Glycerin-based electrolyte for reduced drying of dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are of high interest especially for applications on flexible or even stretchable substrates, such as architectural textiles. One of the main challenges for such use is the electrolyte which is usually fluid and thus leaks not only through porous textile structures, but also through the edges of common glass-based DSSCs. Possibilities to overcome this problem are complete sealing of glass-based cells, preparation of solid-state electrolytes or embedding a fluid electrolyte in a textile-based matrix. Here we report on a new route to avoid evaporation of the electrolyte. Using glycerin as the base for a iodine-triiodide electrolyte, glass-based DSSCs showed constant or even increasing efficiencies during more than three months, while the reference cells based on a commercially available water-based iodine-triiodide electrolyte showed decreasing efficiencies already after four weeks and were completely dried after two months. Our results suggest using glycerin-based fluid electrolyte, possibly in combination with a textile-based matrix, to create durable DSSCs without the necessity to perfectly seal them.
关键词： glycerin,iodine-triiodide,natural dye,electrolyte,textile fabric,dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Mechanistic Insights into Solid-State p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： The study of p-type dye sensitized solar cells (p-DSCs) is appealing but challenging. Although the devices have been studied for 20 years, light conversion efficiency is lag far behind those of n-DSCs. Very recently, on the basis of a core-shell structure, a novel solid-state p-DSC (p-ssDSCs) has been fabricated, which showed great enhancement in open-circuit voltage and dye regeneration rate. To further improve the performance of such devices, charge diffusion, recombination process and the main limiting factors have to be understood. In the present paper, core-shell p-ssDSCs with ZnO as an electron conductor were fabricated by atomic layer deposition. The charge transport time was determined to be ca. 0.1 ms, which is about 2 orders of magnitude faster than those of typical liquid devices with I-/I3- as a redox mediator. As a consequence, the devices exhibit the highest reported apparent charge diffusion coefficient (Dapp) among p-DSCs. It is ascribed to an electron limiting diffusion process by the ambipolar diffusion model, suggesting a different charge transport determining mechanism in contrast to liquid p-DSCs. The charge recombination rate is 1-2 orders of magnitude slower than its charge transport time, resulting in that the estimated charge collection efficiency is near unity. Detailed analysis of the incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency suggests, that the energy conversion efficiency in these p-ssDSCs is currently limited by a large fraction of dyes that is not fully electrically connected in the device.
关键词： solid-state,charge recombination,p-type dye sensitized solar cells,dye utilization fraction,charge transport
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52