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Variable densification of reduced graphene oxide foam into multifunctional high-performance graphene paper
摘要： Super-flexible, electrically and thermally conductive graphene-based papers are in great demand in the fields of electronics and supercapacitors. However, the applications of graphene-based papers are limited either by their brittleness, small scale, or by their unsatisfactory thermal conductivity. Conventionally, such papers are fabricated by vacuum-assisted filtration, direct evaporation, electrospray coating, or wet spinning. Here we propose a novel strategy, namely, direct densification of reduced graphene oxide foam, to fabricate large-scale multifunctional graphene papers. The graphene paper density could be adjusted by applying different loads. The densities of the graphene papers varied from 0.32 g cm?3 to 1.85 g cm?3. The thermal conductivity, tensile stress, electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interface shielding effectiveness increased with an increase in the density of the graphene paper. When the density of the graphene paper reached 1.85 g cm?3, the tensile stress was up to 50.4 MPa with strain of 4%, the thermal conductivity was 1103 W m?1 K?1 at room temperature and there was high electrical conductivity of 1.1 × 10? S m?1, as well as an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of 77.2 dB. Our new strategy is very promising in terms of controlling the thickness, density, and size of graphene paper.
关键词： graphene paper,densification,EMI shielding,electrical conductivity,thermal conductivity
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Facile organic surfactant removal of various dimensionality nanomaterials using low-temperature photochemical treatment
摘要： Deep ultraviolet (DUV)-treatment is an efficient method for the removal of high-energy-barrier polymeric or aliphatic organic ligands from nanomaterials. Regardless of morphology and material, the treatment can be used for nanoparticles, nanowires, and even nanosheets. The high-energy photon irradiation from low-pressure mercury lamps or radio frequency (RF) discharge excimer lamps could enhance the electrical conductivity of various nanomaterial matrixes, such as Ag nanoparticles, Bi2Se3 nanosheets, and Ag nanowires, with the aliphatic alkyl chained ligand (oleylamine; OAm) and polymeric ligand (polyvinyl pyrrolidone; PVP) as surfactants. In particular, Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) that are DUV-treated with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) for 90 min (50–60 °C) exhibited a sheet resistance of 0.54 Ω □?1, while thermal-treated AgNP with PVP had a sheet resistance of 7.5 kΩ □?1 at 60 °C. The simple photochemical treatment on various dimensionality nanomaterials will be an efficient sintering method for flexible devices and wearable devices with solution-processed nanomaterials.
关键词： nanomaterials,organic ligand removal,photochemical treatment,electrical conductivity,deep ultraviolet
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Rapid fabrication of silver nanoparticle/polydopamine functionalized polyester fibers
摘要： In this paper, silver nanoparticles functionalized poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers with antimicrobial activity, electrical conductivity and good coating stability are reported. Firstly, silver plated PET fibers were fabricated by rapid polydopamine (PDA) modification followed by electroless plating. Secondly, the surface morphologies and compositions of PDA modified and silver coated PET fibers were characterized by employing scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometry. Finally, the antimicrobial properties and electrical conductivity of the silver plated PET fibers were investigated. The results showed that the silver coated PET fibers exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity to both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (with an antimicrobial efficiency of 100 and 99.99%, respectively), and that the antimicrobial activity was well maintained after washing. The silver coated PET fibers showed electrical resistance of 0.76 Ω per 1 cm, indicating good conductivity. It was also demonstrated that the silver layer that formed had good mechanical durability, as indicated by conductivity measurements during tensile loading and observation of the surface morphology of the fibers under various modes of deformation.
关键词： silver nanoparticles,electrical conductivity,antimicrobial,PET fibers,polydopamine
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Fabrication of Chromatic Electronic Textiles Synthesized by Conducting Polymer
摘要： Most of the electronic textiles (e-textiles) were fabricated by carbon-based materials such as graphene, carbon nanotube (CNT), and hybrids of graphene and CNTs due to their high electrical conductivity, flexibility, and good stability. However, it is difficult to synthesize a colored e-textiles because the carbon-based e-textiles have only a black color. In this study, we produced the chromatic e-textiles synthesized with different conductive polymer such as polyaniline, polythiophene, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate). The chromatic e-textiles were simply fabricated by soaking commercial cotton into an aqueous conductive polymer solution. The chromatic e-textiles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity of the chromatic e-textiles was the order of 10?3 S/cm, which was maintained even under bending.
关键词： Electronic textiles,Electrical conductivity,Conductive polymer
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Synthesis of silicon carbide nanocrystals and multilayer graphitic carbon by femtosecond laser irradiation of polydimethylsiloxane
摘要： Laser-based modification of polymer materials has been emerging as a versatile and efficient technique to simultaneously form and pattern electrically conductive materials. Recently, it has been revealed that native polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) can be modified into electrically conductive structures using femtosecond laser irradiation; however, the details regarding the structures formed by this method have yet to be revealed. In this work, structures were fabricated by focusing and scanning femtosecond laser pulses onto the surface of PDMS. Raman Spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses revealed the formation of silicon carbide (SiC) nanocrystals, as well as multilayer graphitic carbon, in the modified regions of PDMS. The state of the formed material differed depending on the distance from the focal spot, suggesting that photo-thermal effects contributed to the degradation of PDMS into conductive material. Electrical conductivity measurements, in addition to Raman results, indicated that the amount of disorder in the formed graphitic carbon contributes to the electrical conductivity of the fabricated structures.
关键词： PDMS,femtosecond laser,graphitic carbon,electrical conductivity,silicon carbide
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Improving Performance of Non-fullerene Organic Solar Cells over 13% by Employing Silver Nanowires Doped PEDOT:PSS Composite Interface
摘要： Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS composite was prepared by a facile solution-processing method, and was employed as anode interface in non-fullerene organic solar cells (OSCs). With the presence of Ag NWs (5%, v/v%)/PEDOT:PSS interfacial layer, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 13.53% was achieved based on PBDB-T-2Cl:IT-4F photoactive layer system, much higher than the efficiency of the controlled counterpart device with pristine PEDOT:PSS as anode modifier. Simultaneous enhancements in short-circuit current and fill factor were observed, in comparison to the case of pristine PEDOT:PSS interface, due to the improved electrical conductivity of Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS composites accompanied by the increased work function for a better matching with ITO counter electrode, which facilitated the increased charge transmission, and the reduced charge recombination at the anode/photoactive interface for the improved device performance. The results clearly revealed that Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS composite interface is beneficial to improve the charge extraction and in favor of realizing highly efficient non-fullerene OSCs.
关键词： composite interface,electrical conductivity,Ag nanowires,recombination,Non-fullerene organic solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Virtual Sensing of Photovoltaic Module Operating Parameters
摘要： The phenomenon of soil salinization in semi-arid regions is getting amplified and accentuated by both anthropogenic practices and climate change. Land salinization mapping and monitoring using conventional strategies are insufficient and difficult. Our work aims to study the potential of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for mapping and monitoring of the spatio-temporal dynamics of soil salinity using interferometry. Our contribution in this paper consists of a statistical relationship that we establish between field salinity measurement and InSAR coherence based on an empirical analysis. For experimental validation, two sites were selected: 1) the region of Mahdia (central Tunisia) and 2) the plain of Tadla (central Morocco). Both sites underwent three ground campaigns simultaneously with three Radarsat-2 SAR image acquisitions. The results show that it is possible to estimate the temporal change in soil electrical conductivity (EC) from SAR images through the InSAR technique. It has been shown that the radar signal is more sensitive to soil salinity in HH polarization using a small incidence angle. However, for the HV polarization, a large angle of incidence is more suitable. This is, under considering the minimal influence of roughness and moisture surfaces, for a given InSAR coherence.
关键词： interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) coherence,polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR),soil salinity,Electrical conductivity (EC)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 2nd British and Irish Conference on Optics and Photonics (BICOP) - London, United Kingdom (2019.12.11-2019.12.13)] 2019 IEEE 2nd British and Irish Conference on Optics and Photonics (BICOP) - Single Frequency Blue Lasers
摘要： The phenomenon of soil salinization in semi-arid regions is getting amplified and accentuated by both anthropogenic practices and climate change. Land salinization mapping and monitoring using conventional strategies are insufficient and difficult. Our work aims to study the potential of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for mapping and monitoring of the spatio-temporal dynamics of soil salinity using interferometry. Our contribution in this paper consists of a statistical relationship that we establish between field salinity measurement and InSAR coherence based on an empirical analysis. For experimental validation, two sites were selected: 1) the region of Mahdia (central Tunisia) and 2) the plain of Tadla (central Morocco). Both sites underwent three ground campaigns simultaneously with three Radarsat-2 SAR image acquisitions. The results show that it is possible to estimate the temporal change in soil electrical conductivity (EC) from SAR images through the InSAR technique. It has been shown that the radar signal is more sensitive to soil salinity in HH polarization using a small incidence angle. However, for the HV polarization, a large angle of incidence is more suitable. This is, under considering the minimal influence of roughness and moisture surfaces, for a given InSAR coherence.
关键词： Electrical conductivity (EC),polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR),soil salinity,interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) coherence
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Solution-Processed Polymeric Thin Film as the Transparent Electrode for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： In the past decade, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were arising as a new generation of low-cost solar technology for renewable energy generation. More than 25 % of power conversion efficiency (PCE) was reported from PSCs on the rigid indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass electrode. However, PSCs fabricated on the flexible solution-processed transparent electrode has still been a challenge to date. In this work, we report solution-processed transparent polymeric thin film as the electrode for flexible solution-processed PSCs. The solution-processed polymeric thin film exhibits superior optical transparency and decent electrical conductivity. As compared with a PCE of 16.60% from PSCs on the ITO/glass substrate, PSCs on the solution-processed transparent polymeric electrode/glass substrate exhibit a PCE of 13.36% and PSCs on the solution-processed transparent polymeric thin-film/polyethylene terephthalate flexible substrate possess a PCE of 10.16%. Systematically studies demonstrate that poor electrical conductivity of the solution-processed transparent polymeric electrode and serious interfacial charge carrier recombination are responsible for low PCEs. Nevertheless, our results demonstrate that we provide a facile route to develop flexible PSCs by utilization of solution-processed polymeric thin film as the transparent electrode.
关键词： high electrical conductivity,device performance,flexible perovskite solar cells,transparent electrode,polymeric thin-film
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Spray pyrolysis deposited CuSbS2 absorber layers for thin-film solar cells
摘要： CuSbS2 thin films were fabricated by spray pyrolysis from metal chloride aqueous solutions, followed by a post-deposition sulfurization step. The structural, chemical, optical and electrical properties of CuSbS2 and the effect of various sulfurization temperatures on CuSbS2 thin film have been systematically studied. We used a two-step sulfurization method. Step 1 at lower temperature was to encourage complete saturation of the as-deposited film with sulfur vapor. And step 2 at higher temperature was to promote the formation and crystallization of CuSbS2. The sulfurization temperature of step 2 is very important for the formation of device-grade CuSbS2 films. With the increase in sulfurization temperature, impurities such as Sb2S3 decreased and the crystallinity of CuSbS2 improved. Until 400 °C, impurities disappeared and phase-pure well-crystallinity CuSbS2 thin films were obtained. When the sulfurization temperature is higher than 400 °C, CuSbS2 gradually changes to Cu3SbS4. The CuSbS2 films sulfurized at 400 °C with optimum band gap of 1.53 eV are p type, and absorption coefficient is larger than 105 cm?1 in the visible light wavelength range. The temperature dependence of electrical conductivity of CuSbS2 has been studied for the first time. At measurement temperatures higher than 140 K the electrical conductivity of the CuSbS2 film is dominated by band conduction and nearest neighbor hopping (NNH). However, at temperatures below 140 K the conduction is predominantly affected by variable range hopping (VRH). Finally, thin-film solar cells based on the sprayed CuSbS2 absorber layers with a maximum photoelectric conversion efficiency of 0.34% have been fabricated.
关键词： sulfurization,CuSbS2,thin-film solar cells,spray pyrolysis,electrical conductivity
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52