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Wet Chemical Synthesis of Entangled Nano-fibrous Conducting Polyaniline (PANI) Mesh: Effect of Heating and Stirring
摘要： An effect of heating and stirring in a facile wet chemical route to synthesize entangled nano-fibrous mesh of doped polyaniline (PANI) was reported. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of PANI nano-fibers were found to be dependent on synthesis temperature and stirring. The XRD analysis confirms nano PANI formation with 2θ peaks around 15°, 21°, and 25° for (011), (020), and (200) crystal planes, respectively. The average crystallite size varies between 25 nm to 60 nm due to change in synthesis conditions. The SEM analysis reveals the clustered granule formation for PANI sample synthesized at 28 and 60 ℃ under continuous stirring, whereas, unstirred synthesis at 60 ℃ shows entangled nano-fibrous mesh morphology. The TGA study shows better thermal stability for PANI mesh over granular PANI. The FTIR spectra validates the emeraldine salt PANI formation with peaks corresponding to C-H, C-N, N=Q=N, N=B=N, and N-H vibration bands. The UV-Vis analysis shows the major absorbance peaks around λ: 340 nm (π- π* transition of benzenoid ring), and λ: 800 nm (π- π*, polaron-π* transitions). The dense entangled nano-fibrous coating of PANI synthesized at 60 ℃ without stirring shows highest electrical conductivity of 3.79 S·cm-1.
关键词： polyaniline,optical property,nano-fibrous mesh,electrical conductivity
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Improving light harvesting and charge extraction of polymer solar cells upon buffer layer doping
摘要： It is an important strategy to improve the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs) by incorporating metal nanoparticles into functional layers. Herein, gold (Au)@titanium dioxide (TiO2) plasmonic core-shell nanoparticles (PCSNPs) are synthesized and doped into zinc oxide (ZnO) as hybrid electron transport layer in PSCs. Improved light trapping and electrical conductivity are achieved through localized surface plasma resonance of Au@TiO2 PCSNPs. As a result, the short-circuit current density is apparently enhanced, while remaining the unchanged open-circuit voltage. The maximum PCE of 8.801% is obtained when 1.5 wt% Au@TiO2 PCSNPs are introduced into the ZnO layer. This study provides a new inspiration for the development of high efficiency PSCs.
关键词： Surface plasmon resonance,charge transport,Au@TiO2 PCSNPs,Light trapping,Electrical conductivity
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Electrical Properties of Pure NiO and NiO:Ag Thin Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition
摘要： The electrical properties of pure NiO and NiO:Ag films which are deposited on glass substrate with various dopant concentrations (1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt%) at room temperature and 450 °C annealing temperature will be presented. Further, the structural properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction and the surface morphology of the deposited samples was examined by SEM. The results of the Hall effect showed that all the films were p-type. Hall mobility decreases while both carrier concentration and conductivity increase with the increasing of annealing temperatures and doping percentage, Thus, the behavior of semiconductor, and also the DC conductivity from which the activation energy decreases with the doping concentration increase and transport mechanism of the charge carriers can be estimated.
关键词： Hall effect,Electrical conductivity,NiO:Ag thin films,Pulsed laser deposition
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Formation of flexible nano-organic films of 2,7,12,17-tetra-tert-butyl-5,10,15,20-tetraaza-21H,23H-porphine for promising optoelectronic applications
摘要： Porphyrin compounds are novel nonlinear materials that are being used in a wide range of optoelectronic applications. In this article, a film of 2,7,12,17-tetra-tert-butyl-5,10,15,20-tetraaza-21H,23H-porphine (TTBTP) was produced by a thermal evaporation technique. IR analysis confirmed that this method is an excellent method to obtain unassociated TTBTP films. The surface topography of the TTBTP was characterized by large spherical granules with a mean diameter of 50 nm. Also, using X-ray diffraction analysis, the size of the crystallite was estimated to be 18.20 nm. Moreover, optical absorption analysis showed that TTBTP films have indirect transition energy with two energy gaps of 1.80 ? 0.03 and 2.95 ? 0.03 eV. The electrical analysis showed that TTBTP film is a semiconductor material with two conduction mechanisms. These two mechanisms are extrinsic and intrinsic conductions with activation energies of 0.057 ? 0.006 eV and 0.556 ? 0.060 eV, respectively.
关键词： Optical properties,IR analysis,Electrical conductivity,Porphyrin,Organic film
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Rapid growth of large area graphene on glass from olive oil by laser irradiation
摘要： Although homogeneous, high quality graphene can be fabricated on a Cu or Ni sheet using the traditional chemical vapour deposition method at high temperatures (over 1000°C) and specific atmospheric conditions, their transfer to another substrate is difficult. In this paper a novel method of rapidly (i.e. 3–6 s of laser irradiation) producing a large area (>3 cm2) graphene film from olive oil on a glass surface (pre-coated with a 5–28 nm thick Ni film) with defocused, large area continuous laser irradiation is described. The turbostratic graphene film (6 layers) grown in such a way has shown high electrical conductivity (sheet resistance of around 20 ? sq?1) and an optical transmittance of 40–50%. With femtosecond laser patterning, 70% optical transparency was demonstrated. Continuous large area graphene was formed at relatively lower temperatures (<250°C) and without the need for specific atmospheric conditions. The basic process characteristics and mechanisms involved are discussed.
关键词： graphene,electrical conductivity,transparent,low temperature,olive oil,laser
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Epitaxial growth and electrical performance of graphene/3Ca??SiC films by laser CVD
摘要： High electrical conductivity graphene/epitaxial-3CeSiC (G/epi-3CeSiC) composite films have the potential to the applications such as micro-electro-mechanical systems, distributed Bragg reflectors, solar cells, and photocatalysis in harsh environments. In this study, G/epi-3CeSiC composite films were prepared through laser chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) using hexametyldisilane (HMDS) as a safe single precursor. The electrical conductivity (s) of the composite films reached 2.23 (cid:1) 104 S/m, which is 2.2 times of the highest s reported for G/epi-3CeSiC composite. The deposition rate (Rdep) of the composite film with the highest s is 8.2 times of that of the G/epi-3CeSiC with the highest s ever reported. s of the pure epitaxial 3CeSiC film is only 81.2 S/m, which is the lowest value reported to date of 3CeSiC prepared through CVD using HMDS as a single precursor. Elimination of carbon is beneficial for increasing the breakdown field intensity and decreasing the leakage current of heterojunction when epitaxial 3CeSiC is used as semiconductor material.
关键词： Electrical conductivity,Deposition rate,Laser CVD,Graphene/SiC film,Epitaxial
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Multi-time scale coordinated scheduling for the combined system of wind power, photovoltaic, thermal generator, hydro pumped storage and batteries
摘要： The phenomenon of soil salinization in semi-arid regions is getting amplified and accentuated by both anthropogenic practices and climate change. Land salinization mapping and monitoring using conventional strategies are insufficient and difficult. Our work aims to study the potential of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for mapping and monitoring of the spatio-temporal dynamics of soil salinity using interferometry. Our contribution in this paper consists of a statistical relationship that we establish between field salinity measurement and InSAR coherence based on an empirical analysis. For experimental validation, two sites were selected: 1) the region of Mahdia (central Tunisia) and 2) the plain of Tadla (central Morocco). Both sites underwent three ground campaigns simultaneously with three Radarsat-2 SAR image acquisitions. The results show that it is possible to estimate the temporal change in soil electrical conductivity (EC) from SAR images through the InSAR technique. It has been shown that the radar signal is more sensitive to soil salinity in HH polarization using a small incidence angle. However, for the HV polarization, a large angle of incidence is more suitable. This is, under considering the minimal influence of roughness and moisture surfaces, for a given InSAR coherence.
关键词： interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) coherence,polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR),soil salinity,Electrical conductivity (EC)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Remarkable Oxygen-Evolution Activity of Ca2-xSrxFe2O6-δ
摘要： The unprecedented catalytic activity of an iron-based oxygen-deficient perovskite for oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) is reported, given the need for catalysts based on earth-abundant elements. In addition, systematic trends in oxygen-evolution activity as a function of composition, defect-order and electrical conductivity have been demonstrated, leading to a methodical increase in OER catalytic activity: Ca2Fe2O6-δ < CaSrFe2O6-δ < Sr2Fe2O6-δ. The latter material, which has the highest electrical conductivity and a unique type of defect-order, exhibits the best OER activity. In conventional experiments using glassy carbon electrode, this compound shows superior OER activity compared to the current state of the art catalysts, Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3?δ and RuO2. It also offers an additional advantage, namely high intrinsic electrical conductivity, which allows Sr2Fe2O6-δ to act as a catalyst without the need for glassy carbon electrode or carbon powder, that are frequently used for enhancing the charge transport in OER catalysts. Indeed, pure disks of this material exhibit an outstanding activity for OER, without any additives or need for electrode preparation.
关键词： oxygen-evolution reaction,perovskite phases,iron,defect-order,electrical conductivity
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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On the Theoretical and Experimental Control of Defect Chemistry, Electrical and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Hematite Nanostructures
摘要： Hematite (α-Fe2O3) is regarded as one of the most promising cost-effective and stable anode materials in photoelectrochemical applications, and its performance, like other transition metal oxides, depends strongly on its electrical and defect properties. In this work, the electrical and thermo-mechanical properties of undoped and Sn-doped α-Fe2O3 nanoscale powders were characterized in-situ under controlled temperatures (T = 250 to 400oC) and atmospheres (pO2 = 10-4 to 1 atm O2) to investigate their transport and defect properties. Frequency-dependent complex impedance spectra show that interfacial resistance between particles is negligible in comparison with particle resistance. Detailed defect models predicting the dependence of electron, hole, iron and oxygen vacancy concentrations on temperature and oxygen partial pressures for undoped and doped α-Fe2O3 were derived. Using these defect equilibria models, the operative defect regimes were established and the bandgap energy of undoped α-Fe2O3 and oxidation enthalpy of Sn-doped α-Fe2O3 were obtained from the analysis of the temperature and pO2 dependence of the electrical conductivity. Based on these results, we are able to explain the surprisingly weak impact of donor doping on the electrical conductivity of α-Fe2O3. Furthermore, experimental means based on the results of this study are given for successfully tuning hematite to enhance its photocatalytic activity for the water oxidation reaction.
关键词： dilatometry,α-Fe2O3,defect chemistry,photoelectrochemistry,electrical conductivity
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (MPTES) Concentration Effect on Selectivity and Electrical Response of Nanostructure
摘要： The surface modification by on Mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (MPTES) done to enhance electrical behavior of nano-IDE -based sensor, silicon based active area was coated with MPTES. The electrical properties of modified nano-IDE were tested using impedance analyser by observing the changes in impedance with the frequencies There was increase as the concentration of the MPTES increase from 1 to 5%. The electrical conductivity increases as mobility increase with the surface attenuation by the MPTES. This increase in concertation observed increase of the electrical conductivity with carrier mobility increment, this indicate decrease of the Si–arsenic bond length, which caused the bandgap to be shortened, likewise, The device behaviour to surface modification was capacitive reactive in natured.
关键词： impedance analyser,nano-IDE,electrical conductivity,Mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (MPTES),surface modification
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57