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Fabrication and characterization of metal oxide and lignocelluloses fibers based working electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)
摘要： This study presents the fabrication of flexible composite sheets of titanium dioxide (TiO2) by incorporation of natural lignocelluloses fibers extracted from the self-growing plant, Typha Angustifolia to address the inherent rigid structure and superior absorption properties of the working electrode. Furthermore, fabricated TiO2 based composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy and employed as a working electrode for DSSC after deposition on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate. SEM morphology reveals that LC fibers acted as a thread to bind the TiO2 nanoparticles and also with better voids for adsorption of electrolyte whereas FTIR spectroscopy confirms the successful formation of the paper composite. J-V measurements reveal the high efficiency of 2.95% for TiO2/LC flexible and environmentally safe composite which can be feasible for modern bendable DSSC.
关键词： Working Electrode,TiO2,Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell,lignocelluloses fibers
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Boosted Reactivity of Low-Cost Solar Cells over a CuO/Co <sub/>3</sub> O <sub/>4</sub> Interfacial Structure Integrated with Graphene Oxide
摘要： Developing cost-effective and environment-friendly counter electrodes (CEs) with high performance is central for the commercial application of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this work, the porous interfacial CuO/Co3O4@GO (CCO@GO) hybrid was fabricated by encapsulating the self-assembled CuO/Co3O4 nanosphere in graphene oxide (GO) and acted as a CE for the first time. Further measurements verified that the optimized CCO@GO hybrid not only provided a higher specific surface area (86.7 m2?g?1) with more exposed catalytic sites, but also significantly enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE = 8.34%) of DSSC, which was higher than that of the Co3O4-based CE (2.66%) and commercial Pt CE (7.85%). The results indicate that the interfacial CuO/Co3O4@GO hybrid synergistically accelerates the diffusion of I3?/I? redox couple and transmission of electrons, thus promoting the reaction kinetics. This work provides a remarkable way for exploring economical high-performance Pt-free CEs for DSSCs, as well as contributes to the further development for other energy-related fields.
关键词： DSSCs,interfacial structure,transition metal oxides,CuO/Co3O4@GO,counter electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Modification of reduced graphene oxide layers by electron-withdrawing/donating units on molecular dopants: Facile metal-free counter electrode electrocatalysts for dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： Small molecules of aniline (AN) and nitrobenzene (NB) doped on reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGO) represent the attractive Pt-free and earth abundant counter electrodes (CEs) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope confirm a very thin layer structure with wrinkled and folded nanosheets. The binding between AN or NB and rGO is confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In this work, two different redox electrolytes are investigated: I?/I3? and [Co(bpy)3]3+/2+. Compared to rGO electrode-based DSSCs, the AN-rGO (1:10) and NB-rGO (1:10) electrode-based DSSCs applying I?/I3? and [Co(bpy)3]3+/2+ electrolytes show 40–50% and 30–35% increase in power conversion efficiency, respectively. Furthermore, both AN-rGO (1:10) and NB-rGO (1:10) perform stably upon electrochemical continuous test. Such excellent photoelectric performance correlates with the induced charge transfer between reduced graphene oxide and the molecules which effectively promotes the reduction and regeneration of I?/I3? and [Co(bpy)3]3+/2+ ions.
关键词： Electrocatalyst,Dye-sensitized solar cell,Molecular dopant,Reduced graphene oxide,Counter electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Highly efficient bio-based porous carbon hybridized with tungsten carbide as counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell
摘要： Bio-based porous carbon (CMA and CTA) are successfully prepared from waste carton via microwave-assisted activation (MA) and two-step chemical activation (TA) methods, respectively. The as-prepared CTA sample exhibits higher specific surface area (824.16 m2 g?1) and larger total pore volume (0.71 cm3 g?1), as compared with those of the CMA sample (655.36 m2 g?1 and 0.62 cm3 g?1, correspondingly). The higher specific surface area could provide more catalytic sites; thus, the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) assembled with a CTA counter electrode (CE) deliver a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.76%, surpass the CMA-based DSSC (6.19%). Further, tungsten carbide (WC) are introduced into CTA and CMA to form hybrid catalysts (WC/CTA and WC/CMA, respectively) in order to improve their catalytic activities. Benefitting from the synergistic effect of bio-based porous carbon and WC, the DSSCs with WC/CTA and WC/CMA CEs exhibit superior PCE values of 7.32% and 6.85%, respectively, close to Pt (7.51%). This work provides an effective strategy for synthesizing low-cost and high-performance hybrid catalysts from bio-based carbon to achieve resource utilization of biomass waste in new energy fields.
关键词： Electrocatalyst,Counter electrode,Bio-based carbon,Tungsten carbide,Dye-sensitized solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A facile hydrothemal synthesis of MoS2@Co3S4 composites based on metal organic framework compounds as a high-efficiency liquid-state solar cell counter electrode
摘要： A hollow Co3S4 polyhedral loads MoS2 nanosheet composite MoS2@Co3S4-0.5 is prepared by hydrothermal method using Co-based metal organic framework material ZIF-67 as precursor. Hollow Co3S4 polyhedron and uniformly distributed MoS2 nanosheet structure can not only prevent MoS2 aggregation, but also increase the specific surface area of the material and expose more catalytically active sites. The composites afford a promising synergistic effect on the catalyzing of triiodide reduction. As a counter electrode material applied to dye-sensitized solar cells, MoS2@Co3S4-0.5 exhibits excellent catalytic activity, achieving a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 7.86%, which is superior to 6.99% of Pt counter electrode performance in dye-sensitized solar cells. This indicates that MoS2@Co3S4-0.5 composite material can be used to replace precious metal Pt as an efficient and low-cost counter electrode material in dye-sensitized solar cells.
关键词： metal-organic framework,facile hydrothemal synthesis,transition metal sulfide,dye-sensitized solar cells,counter electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Electrodeposited MoS2 counter electrode for flexible dye sensitized solar cell module with ionic liquid assisted photoelectrode
摘要： Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) offers great advantages includes low cost materials, economic fabrication, suitable for low-light conversion, flexibility option, color design possibilities, etc. In the present study, a semi-transparent, molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) flexible counter electrode (CE) is realized through electrodeposition method. Low temperature processed TiO2 solution is used for photoelectrode (PE) preparation. Conductive ionic liquid (BVImI + LiI) is used to modify the surface of photoelectrode for alteration of conduction band level of PE, towards enriched electron injection rate into TiO2. Flexible dye-sensitized solar cell (f-DSSC) fabricated by sandwich the photoelectrode and counter electrodes, and an ionic liquid electrolyte is injected. The surface modified photoelectrode (SM-PE) assisted test cell (0.16 cm2 active area) witnessed an enhanced current density value 12.46 mA/cm2 and power conversion efficiency (PCE) 4.84% is higher than the normal PE based f-DSSC (11.56 mA/cm2 and 4.35%). For comparison, platinum-based f-DSSC with SM-PE is fabricated, is attained 6.08% of PCE. The f-DSSC sub-module with MoS2-CE gave 4.21% of PCE, the results are presented.
关键词： Surface modification of PE,Imidazolium iodide,Flexible DSSC,Semi-transparent flexible DSSC module,MoS2 counter electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Controlling In‐Ga‐Zn‐O Thin‐Film Resistance by Vacuum Rapid Thermal Annealing and Application to Transparent Electrode
摘要： This study reveals that an amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide film shows a large resistance change under vacuum rapid thermal annealing, whereas a zinc tin oxide film shows little resistance change under the same treatment. Based on these findings, the applicability of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide thin films to a transparent source/drain electrode in zinc tin oxide thin-film transistors is investigated. The optical transmittance of the amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide and amorphous zinc tin oxide films in the visible region is greater than 85%. Furthermore, a zinc tin oxide thin-film transistor with an amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide source/drain electrode exhibits superior operation characteristics than devices with indium tin oxide source/drain electrodes, such as a lower threshold swing (from 369.96 to 315.45 mV dec?1), higher mobility (from 28.47 to 36.187 cm2 V?1 s?1), and higher on/off current ratio (from 1.25 × 107 to 3.56 × 107). In addition, in positive and negative bias temperature stress tests, the zinc tin oxide thin-film transistor with an amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide source/drain electrode shows almost equal stability compared to the zinc tin oxide thin-film transistor with an indium tin oxide source/drain electrode.
关键词： Zn-Sn-O (ZTO),In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) S/D electrode,thin-film transistors (TFT),vacuum rapid thermal annealing
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Non-parabolic potential dependence of optical second harmonic generation from the Si(111) electrode/electrolyte interface
摘要： We performed potential dependent second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements on the Si(111) electrolyte interface at different azimuthal angles and for different polarization combinations. When the external potential was biased from the equilibrium potential to the flatband potential (Efb), the SHG intensity decreased linearly with the potential when the azimuthal angle was oriented at 301. This linearity extends well beyond the linear region of the Mott–Schottky plot as measured traditionally by capacitance measurements. When the external potential was scanned from Efb toward more negative potentials, the response of SHG intensity showed quadratic behavior and can be described by the parabolic model. The non-parabolic potential dependence cannot be explained with the parabolic model proposed from previous literature. Such asymmetric behavior only implied that the interfacial structure of the Si(111) electrode changes from semiconductor to metal with the applied electric potential biased negatively, i.e. with accumulation of electrons in the surface region. The anisotropic contribution from the Si(111) electrode can also significantly affect the SHG response as seen where the minimum of the potential dependent SHG curve shifts away from Efb.
关键词： potential dependence,Si(111) electrode,electrolyte interface,non-parabolic behavior,second harmonic generation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Structure-activity relationships of hierarchical three-dimensional electrodes with photosystem II for semi-artificial photosynthesis
摘要： Semi-artificial photosynthesis integrates photosynthetic enzymes with artificial electronics, which is an emerging approach to reroute the natural photoelectrogenetic pathways for sustainable fuel and chemical synthesis. However, the reduced catalytic activity of enzymes in bioelectrodes limits the overall performance and further applications in fuel production. Here, we show new insights into factors that govern the photoelectrogenesis in a model system consisting of photosystem II and three-dimensional indium tin oxide and graphene electrodes. Fluorescence microscopy and in situ surface-sensitive infrared spectroscopy are employed to probe the enzyme distribution and penetration within electrode scaffolds of different structures, which is further correlated with protein film-photoelectrochemistry to establish relationships between the electrode structure and enzyme activity. We find that the hierarchical structure of electrodes mainly affects the protein integration, but not the enzyme activity. Photoactivity is more limited by light intensity and electronic communication at the biointerface. This study provides guidelines for maximizing the performance of semi-artificial photosynthesis and also presents a set of methodologies to probe the photoactive biofilms in three-dimensional electrodes.
关键词： semi-artificial photosynthesis,Photosystem II,inverse opal,graphene electrode,indium tin oxide electrode
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Nascent SEI-Surface Films on Single Crystalline Silicon Investigated by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
摘要： Silicon is a promising high capacity host material for negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries with low potential for the lithiation/delithiation reaction that is outside the stability window of organic carbonate electrolytes. Thus, the use of such electrodes critically depends on the formation of a protective solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) from the decomposition products of electrolyte components. Due to the large volume change upon charging, exposure of the electrode material to the electrolyte must be expected, and facile re-formation of SEI is a scope for improving the stabilities of such electrodes. Here, we report the formation of incipient SEI layers on monocrystalline silicon by in-situ imaging of their passivating properties using scanning electrochemical microscopy after potentiodynamic charging to different final potentials. The images show a local initiation of the SEI growth at potentials of around 1.0 V vs. Li/Li+ in 1 M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate.
关键词： silicon electrode,single crystalline electrode,solid electrolyte interphase,scanning electrochemical microscopy,incremental charging
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36