- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
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Degradation of carbamazepine by vacuum-UV oxidation process: Kinetics modeling and energy efficiency
摘要： Vaccum-ultraviolet (VUV) is effective for elimination of organic contaminants in aqueous environment and degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) by VUV irradiation was systematically investigated in this study. A dynamic kinetic model was developed to simulate the destruction of CBZ that is mainly initiated by hydroxyl radicals (HO?). The second-order rate constant of the reaction between CBZ and HO? was determined to be 1.4×109 M-1 s-1. Effect of initial CBZ concentration, VUV irradiation intensity and natural organic matter (NOM) were further investigated in several batch experiments. The predicted CBZ removal rates increased with the increasing VUV intensity, while decreased with the increasing initial CBZ and NOM concentrations. Based on the electrical energy per order (EE/O) calculation, the optimal VUV intensity was determined to be 7.5×10-8 Einstein s-1. Meanwhile, several intermediates/products were identified and their time-dependent evolution profiles were determined, and finally a plausible degradation pathway of CBZ was proposed. Ecotoxicity assessment indicated that the potential toxicity of CBZ and its oxidation products should be paid more attention in the VUV process.
关键词： Kinetic model,Degradation pathway,Energy efficiency,Hydroxyl radical
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Grid-forming Inverter Experimental Testing of Fault Current Contributions
摘要： This paper concerns with a relay-aided massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) cellular network. The exact closed-form expressions of both spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) are obtained for downlink single-cell multi-user multi-relay massive MIMO transmission in the pilot-contaminated regime, where the number of users is larger than the pilot sequence length. Based on the theoretical results of SE and EE, we investigate the effects of some system parameters [such as number of antennas at the base station (BS), transmit power at the BS, and transmit power of each relay station (RS)] on system performance, and achieve the tradeoff between SE and EE by power control. Specifically, the tradeoff problem is solved by joint optimization over transmit power P of the BS and transmit power pr of each RS, so as to maximize EE while satisfying the SE requirement. With the proposition that EE function is strictly quasi-concave with either P or pr, we propose two optimization methods: 1-D searching and alternate optimization. Comparatively, the former achieves a better performance, while the latter has a lower complexity. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the two methods.
关键词： spectral efficiency,energy efficiency,massive MIMO,Cellular networks,relay
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Fundamental Design Principles for Reflective Membranes in Thermal Noise Limited Cavities
摘要： In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the base station (BS) is a critical sensor node whose failure causes severe data losses. Deploying multiple fixed BSs improves the robustness, yet requires all BSs to be installed with large batteries and large energy-harvesting devices due to the high energy consumption of BSs. In this paper, we propose a scheme to coordinate the multiple deployed BSs such that the energy supplies required by individual BSs can be substantially reduced. In this scheme, only one BS is selected to be active at a time and the other BSs act as regular sensor nodes. We first present the basic architecture of our system, including how we keep the network running with only one active BS and how we manage the handover of the role of the active BS. Then, we propose an algorithm for adaptively selecting the active BS under the spatial and temporal variations of energy resources. This algorithm is simple to implement but is also asymptotically optimal under mild conditions. Finally, by running simulations and real experiments on an outdoor testbed, we verify that the proposed scheme is energy-efficient, has low communication overhead and reacts rapidly to network changes.
关键词： energy efficiency,communication,Wireless sensor networks,renewable load management,cooperative energy sources
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Forecasting the Performance of a Photovoltaic Solar System Installed in other Locations using Artificial Neural Networks
摘要： Photovoltaic solar energy has been spread all over the world, and in Brazil this energy source has been getting considerable space in the last years, being driven mainly by the energy crises. However, when installed in regions with low incidence of solar irradiation, this technology presents a loss of efficiency in the generation of energy. As an alternative to this consideration, a power prediction study could be conducted prior to its installation, based on local climate information that directly influences power generation, verifying the feasibility of system implementation and avoiding unrewarded investment. Therefore, the objective of this work is to predict the viability of the installation of a photovoltaic system of 3kWp in different places, with the assist of an Artificial Neural Network. Thus, the feedforward network was used for the training, being trained and validated with the support of MatlabVR , and inserting samples of temperature and solar irradiation as input variables. Through the performance methods, the results are favorable for this application, presenting validations with RMSE% in the range of 13-20% and R of not less than 0.93. The predictions presented RMSE% around 19-25% and average powers close to the real values generated by the PV system.
关键词： solar irradiation,renewable energy,electrical systems,energy efficiency,power forecasting,feedforward,artificial neural network,root mean square error,solar photovoltaic system,distributed generation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering - Asia (ISPCE-CN) - Kowloon, Hong Kong (2019.10.23-2019.10.25)] 2019 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering - Asia (ISPCE-CN) - Critical Study on the Relationship between Power Conversion Technique and Energy Efficiency on LED driver
摘要： In this paper, a critical study on the improvement of energy efficiency on the commercial light emitting diode (LED) driver along with the development of power conversion technique over the last two decades was conducted. A new classification of LED driver was proposed based on the new technologies and construction invented recently, and the past classifications of LED driver used. The corresponding energy efficiency on different types of LED drivers was studied accordingly. A new effective labeling scheme of energy efficiency on LED driver that will be suitable in Hong Kong from 2019 to 2029 was proposed based on the recent situation and the new classification. This proposed labelling scheme can be used as reference by the manufacturers of LED driver on the selection of power conversion techniques with various levels of energy efficiency.
关键词： energy efficiency,power conversion,LED driver
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Evaluation of the Energy Performance in LED Lamps with Integrated Driver through Multicriteria Analysis
摘要： The lighting industry is having a great change with the advancement of LED technology, allowing the consumer use a more efficient product with longer lifespan, varied colors and shapes. These facts are beneficial to the consumer, but bring with them, a greater difficulty in choosing the product of better energy performance. In this work, a multicriteria analysis will be performed to evaluate the energy performance of LED bulbs with integrated driver in the Brazilian market. In this research, a hybrid multi-criteria approach TOPSIS with entropy weights was used. For this, ten different suppliers with similar technical characteristics were chosen and the tests required by the Technical Regulation of the Quality in LED lamps with integrated driver, Inmetro Order no 389/2014 that regulate these product in Brazil were carried out. In addition to the energy efficiency results, the results of energy quality and the quality of the emitted light were also evaluated. Through these analyzes, a ranking was elaborated with the total energetic performance of the evaluated lamps, with the objective of support the end users about the best product, since; there are several technical parameters to be considered.
关键词： energy efficiency,power quality,LED,multicriteria analysis
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Quantum Rangefindng
摘要： Transformer parasitics such as leakage inductance and self-capacitance are rarely calculated in advance during the design phase, because of the complexity and huge analytical error margins caused by practical winding implementation issues. Thus, choosing one transformer architecture over another for a given design is usually based on experience or a trial and error approach. This paper presents analytical expressions for calculating leakage inductance, self-capacitance, and ac resistance in transformer winding architectures (TWAs), ranging from the common noninterleaved primary/secondary winding architecture, to an interleaved, sectionalized, and bank winded architecture. The calculated results are evaluated experimentally, and through finite-element simulations, for an RM8 transformer with a turns ratio of 10. The four TWAs such as, noninterleaved and nonsectioned, noninterleaved and sectioned, interleaved and nonsectioned, and interleaved and sectioned, for an EF25 transformer with a turns ratio of 20, are investigated and practically implemented. The best TWA for an RM8 transformer in a high-voltage bidirectional flyback converter, used to drive an electro active polymer based incremental actuator, is identified based on the losses caused by the transformer parasitics. For an EF25 transformer, the best TWA is chosen according to whether electromagnetic interference due to the transformer interwinding capacitance, is a major problem or not.
关键词： energy efficiency,switch-mode power converters,transformer winding architectures,Actuator,high-voltage dc–dc converters,high-voltage transformer,transformer parasitics
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 PhotonIcs & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Spring (PIERS-Spring) - Rome, Italy (2019.6.17-2019.6.20)] 2019 PhotonIcs & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Spring (PIERS-Spring) - Compact Trible-band Microstrip BPF Utilizing Interdigital-coupled Lines Feeding Structure
摘要： In this paper, we study the joint pilot assignment and resource allocation for system energy efficiency (SEE) maximization in the multi-user and multi-cell massive multi-input multi-output network. We explicitly consider the pilot contamination effect during the channel estimation in the SEE maximization problem, which aims to optimize the power allocation, the number of activated antennas, and the pilot assignment. To tackle the SEE maximization problem, we transform it into a subtractive form, which can be solved more efficiently. In particular, we develop an iterative algorithm to solve the transformed problem where optimization of power allocation and number of antennas is performed, and then pilot assignment optimization is conducted sequentially in each iteration. To tackle the first sub-problem, we employ a successive convex approximation (SCA) technique to attain a solvable convex optimization problem. Moreover, we propose a novel iterative low-complexity algorithm based on the Hungarian method to solve the pilot assignment sub-problem. We also describe how the proposed solution approach can be useful to address the sum rate (SR) maximization problem. In addition to the algorithmic developments, we characterize the optimal structure of both SEE and SR maximization problems. The numerical studies are conducted to illustrate the convergence of the proposed algorithms, impacts of different parameters on the SR and SEE, and significant performance gains of the proposed solution compared the conventional design.
关键词： Energy efficiency,multi-cell,massive MIMO,power allocation,pilot contamination,pilot assignment
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Switching-off conventional lighting system and turning-on LED lamps in Kazakhstan: A techno-economic assessment
摘要： Growth of the global population is directly associated with the increase in energy consumption. This pattern can be predominantly seen in emerging economies. However, coping with economic growth while pledging to combat global warming is not a dilemma in the Republic of Kazakhstan, which launched in 2012 a strategy plan determined to have a 50% of its total energy demand supplied by renewables in 2050. A significant amount of energy consumption is generally attributed to lighting systems since developing countries are still utilizing non-efficient illuminants, including incandescent, tungsten halogen, and high-intensity discharge light bulbs. This paper presents the potential impact brought by switching current energy-intensive lighting technologies used in most of the territory of Kazakhstan to LED technology, scrutinizing three subsectors: residential, commercial/industrial and outdoor illumination, and considering the incentives of DAMU fund (available to develop green businesses) as well as realistic financial parameters. The study depicts a large margin of profit for the investors and resulted in an NPV equal to 412 bln, 81 bln, and 29.9 bln KZT for residential, commercial/industrial and outdoor sectors, respectively. The largest B–C ratio is found for outdoor facilities (21.8), followed by the residential sector (15.4) and the commercial sector (8.4).
关键词： LED,RETScreen,Energy efficiency,Illumination
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - Nara, Japan (2019.5.19-2019.5.23)] 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - High detectivity AlInSb mid-infrared photodiode sensors with dislocation filter layers for gas sensing application
摘要： An Enhanced-Internet that provides ultra-low-latency guaranteed-rate communications for Cloud Services is proposed. The network supports two traffic classes, the Smooth and Best-Effort classes. Smooth traffic flows receive low-jitter GR service over virtual-circuit-switched (VCS) connections with negligible buffering and queueing delays, up to 100% link utilizations, deterministic end-to-end quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees, and improved energy efficiency. End-to-end delays are effectively reduced to the fiber “time of flight.” A new router scheduling problem called the Bounded Normalized-Jitter integer-programming problem is formulated. A fast polynomial-time approximate solution is presented, allowing TDM-based router schedules to be computed in microseconds. We establish that all admissible traffic demands in any packet-switched network can be simultaneously satisfied with GR-VCS connections, with minimal buffering. Each router can use two periodic TDM-based schedules to support GR-VCS connections, which are updated automatically when the router's traffic rate matrix changes. The design of a Silicon-Photonics all-optical packet switch with minimal buffering is presented. The Enhanced-Internet can: 1) reduce router buffer requirements by factors of ; 2) increase the Internet's aggregate capacity; 3) lower the Internet's capital and operating costs; and 4) lower greenhouse gas emissions through improved energy efficiency.
关键词： energy efficiency,DiffServ,cloud,low latency,Buffer sizes,routing,data centers,Future Internet,cloud computing,quality of service (QoS),scheduling
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59