- 标题
- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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Indoor light energy harvesting using infrared LED
摘要： Wireless sensor networks are mostly used at remote locations. the wireless sensor networks. Batteries are used to power Replacing batteries at remote locations is a costly and cumbersome process. Therefore, energy harvesting is a viable solution to charge these rechargeable batteries. This paper describes the design and experimental evaluation of indoor light energy harvesting system using infrared LED array, which consists of IR transmitters and IR receivers in series and parallel combination. Using the proposed design a considerable amount of energy can be obtained from ?uorescent lamps or tube lights, which can be used to charge super capacitors or batteries. A DC power of 462 μW has been generated using the proposed design. This system can be used in a wireless sensor network designed for automation of the light/fan in the rooms.
关键词： IR LED,Energy harvesting,energy storage,wireless sensor networks
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference (RAPID) - Miramar Beach, FL, USA (2019.8.19-2019.8.21)] 2019 IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference (RAPID) - Multispectral Plasmonic Perfect Absorbers Integrated with Room-Temperature VO <sub/>x</sub> Air-Bridge Bolometers
摘要： The roadmap evolution and historical milestones of electromagnetic energy conversion techniques and related breakthroughs over the years are reviewed and presented with particular emphasis on low-density energy-harvest technologies. Electromagnetic sources responsible for the presence of ambient radio-frequency (RF) energy are examined and discussed. The effective use and recycling of such an ambient electromagnetic energy are the most relevant and critical issue for the current and future practicability of wireless energy-harvesting devices and systems. In this paper, a set of performance criteria and development considerations, required to meet the need of applications of ambient electromagnetic energy harvesting, are also derived from the radiating source analysis. The criteria can be calculated from a simple measurement of the I–V nonlinear behavior of RF rectification devices such as diodes and transistors, as well as linear frequency behavior (S-parameters). The existing rectifying devices are then reviewed in light of the defined performance criteria. Finally, a technological outlook of the performances that can be expected from different device technologies is assessed and discussed. Since the proposed spindiode technology would present the most promising device platform in the development of the most useful ambient energy harvesters, a special highlight of this disruptive scheme is provided in the presentation of this work.
关键词： Schottky diode,magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ),energy harvesting,diodes,spindiode,backward diode,metal–insulator–metal (MIM),crystal rectifier,Ambient radio-frequency (RF) energy
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Sozopol, Bulgaria (2019.9.6-2019.9.8)] 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Peculiarities of propagation and long distance focusing of expanded Gaussian laser beams
摘要： This paper concerns with a wireless-energy-transfer (WET)-enabled massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system with superimposed pilot (SP)-aided channel estimation. Unlike the conventional WET-enabled frame transmission schemes, with the aid of SP, both the uplink (UL) channel estimation and wireless information transmission (WIT) that powered by the downlink (DL) WET can be operated simultaneously, and thus provide the potential for improving the UL achievable throughput. The impact that the SP has on the performance of such a WET-enabled massive MIMO system is mathematically characterized, and the optimal solution, including the SP power-allocation and the ratio of time-allocation between the duration of UL WIT and DL WET, is derived with regard to maximize the UL achievable throughput. Numerical results demonstrate the proposed SP-aided WET technique yields a superior performance than the conventional pilot-only-based schemes.
关键词： wireless information and power transfer,Energy harvesting,massive MIMO,throughput maximization,channel estimation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Spectral-Efficiency -Illumination Pareto Front for Energy Harvesting Enabled VLC Systems
摘要： The continuous improvement in optical energy harvesting devices motivates the development of visible light communication systems that utilize such available free energy. In this paper, an outdoor visible light communications (VLC) system is considered where a VLC base station sends data to multiple users that are capable of harvesting optical energy. The proposed VLC system serves multiple users using time division multiple access (TDMA) with unequal time and power allocation, which are allocated to achieve the system communications and illumination objectives. In an outdoor setup, the system lighting objective is to maximize the average illumination flux, while the communication design objective is to maximize the spectral efficiency (SE). A multiobjective optimization problem is formulated to obtain the Pareto front of the SE-illumination region. To this end, the marginal optimization problems are solved first using low complexity algorithms. Then, based on the proposed algorithms, a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker-based algorithm is developed to obtain an inner bound of the Pareto front for the SE-illumination tradeoff. The inner bound for the Pareto-front is shown to be close to the optimal Pareto-frontier via several simulation scenarios for different system parameters.
关键词： Pareto front,outdoor communication,illumination,multiobjective optimization,mass gathering events,spectral efficiency,energy harvesting,Visible light communication
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A 2.77 μW Ambient RF Energy Harvesting Using DTMOS Cross-Coupled Rectifier on 65 nm SOTB and Wide Bandwidth System Design
摘要： This paper proposes a structure of the μW RF energy harvesting (RFEH) system that is used for scavenging RF power from an ambient environment. A cross-coupled recti?er (CCR) with ?oating sub-circuit structures was utilized in the application of dynamic threshold MOSFET (DTMOS) on Silicon on Thin Buried Oxide (SOTB) to obtain high drain conductance of the MOSFET. A wide bandwidth matching between antenna and recti?er was designed to receive energy from the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) RF signal with a bandwidth of 15 MHz at 950 MHz band. Realistic measurements with a 950 MHz LTE mobile phone signal from the ambient environment indicate that an average DC output power of 2.77 μW is harvested with the proposed RFEH system at a level of ?19.4 dBm input power. The proposed RFEH system exhibits the best performance when compared to that of other realistic RFEH systems and is a potential candidate for battery-less Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
关键词： wide band matching circuit,DTMOS cross-coupled recti?er,ambient environment,LTE mobile phone signal,RF energy harvesting
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Angers, France (2019.7.9-2019.7.13)] 2019 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Perovskite Solar Cell Using Binary Iodide Gel Polymer Electrolytes
摘要： Spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency are two critical issues in the design of wireless communication networks. Recently, energy harvesting cognitive radio networks have been proposed to attempt to solve both the issues simultaneously. In this paper, we consider a cognitive radio network in which a primary transmitter mainly occupies the channel, and a secondary transmitter equipped with an energy harvesting device is allowed to opportunistically access the primary channel at any time if it is detected to be idle. Here, we assume that energy arrival process and primary channel state are random process and two-state time-homogenous discrete Markov process, respectively. Instead of the expected number of successful spectrum access attempts per time slot as a design criterion in current literature, we use the average channel capacity as the achievable throughput to jointly optimize energy harvesting and spectrum sensing subject to the constraints on the energy causality, collision, and temporal correlation of probability of sensing the idle/occupied channel, thus achieving or almost achieving both the energy efficiency and the spectrum efficiency in certain conditions. In addition, the corresponding optimum detection threshold and the maximum achievable throughput are obtained, which are substantiated by our comprehensive computer simulations.
关键词： achievable throughput,detection threshold,energy harvesting,spectrum sensing,Cognitive radio network
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Bulk Power System Dynamics with Varying Levels of Synchronous Generators and Grid-Forming Power Inverters
摘要： The conversion of electrical to mechanical power on a sub-centimeter scale is a key technology in many microsystems and energy harvesting devices. In this paper, we present a type of a capacitive energy conversion device that uses capillary pressure and electrowetting to reversibly convert electrical power to hydraulic power. These microhydraulic actuators use a high surface-to-volume ratio to deliver high power at a relatively low voltage with an energy conversion efficiency of over 65%. The capillary pressure generated grows linearly with shrinking capillary diameter, as does the frequency of actuation. We present the pressure, frequency, and power scaling properties of these actuators and demonstrate that power density scales up as the inverse capillary diameter squared, leading to high-efficiency actuators with a strength density exceeding biological muscle. Two potential applications for microhydraulics are also demonstrated: soft-microrobotics and energy harvesting.
关键词： microsystems,electrocapillary,soft robotics,PDMS,actuator,energy conversion,microfluidics,electrowetting,energy harvesting,porous materials,Microhydraulics,microrobotics
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Towards Energy Neutral Wireless Communications: Photovoltaic Cells to Connect Remote Areas
摘要： In this work, we have designed, developed and deployed the world’s first optical wireless communication (OWC) system using off-the-shelf lasers and solar photovoltaics. Four bidirectional OWC prototypes have been installed on the Orkney Islands of Scotland at a 30 m link distance for the provision of high-speed internet access to two residential properties. The silicon-made solar panels can harvest power up to 5 W from sunlight and they offer data rates as high as 8 Mb/s. Using additional analogue processing, data rates higher than the existing landline broadband connection are achieved. This breakthrough opens the development path to low cost, self-powered and plug-and-play free-space optical (FSO) systems.
关键词： communication systems,free-space optical communication,light communication,solar energy,optical wireless communications,energy harvesting
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - AlGaAs/InGaP MBE-grown heterostructures for 1.73eV Solar Cells With 18.7% Efficiency
摘要： In this paper, the energy recovery in microstrip passive circuits from the power losses into heat is studied. For this purpose, a thermoelectric generator (TEG) based on the Seebeck effect principle is used, which converts part of the power dissipated into heat to dc electrical power. A solution integrating the TEG with the microstrip circuit is proposed, and design guidelines in order to optimize the recovered power keeping a good isolation between the RF signal and the TEG system are provided. As will be shown, under moderate applied signal powers of just 1–5 W, the levels of recovered power in microstrip passive circuits can be notable. As a demonstrator circuit, an integration device formed by an embedded microstrip bandpass filter for WiMAX applications and a TEG is designed, fabricated, and characterized (thermal and electrically). Different scenarios are considered, depending on frequency and thermal loads. For an applied in-band CW input signal power of 2 W at 3.48 GHz, a recovered power of around 250 μW has been continuously supplied to the electrical load. Several aspects, such as efficiency and future improvements, are also discussed.
关键词： power applications,Average power handling capability (APHC),microwave devices,planar circuits,energy recovery,electro-thermal analysis,energy harvesting
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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A Review on Practical Considerations and Solutions in Underwater Wireless Optical Communication
摘要： Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) has attracted increasing interest in various underwater activities because of its order-of-magnitude higher bandwidth compared to acoustic and radio-frequency technologies. Testbeds and pre-aligned UWOC links were constructed for physical layer evaluation, which verified that UWOC systems can operate at tens of gigabits per second or close to a hundred meters of distance. This holds promise for realizing a globally connected Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT). However, due to the fundamental complexity of the ocean water environment, there are considerable practical challenges in establishing reliable UWOC links. Thus, in addition to providing an exhaustive overview of recent advances in UWOC, this paper addresses various underwater challenges and offers insights into the solutions for these challenges. In particular, oceanic turbulence, which induces scintillation and misalignment in underwater links, is one key factor in degrading UWOC performance. Novel solutions are proposed to ease the requirements on pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) for establishing robustness in UWOC links. The solutions include light-scattering-based non-line-of-sight (NLOS) PAT-relieving communication modality as well as scintillating-fiber-based photoreceiver and large-photovoltaic cells as the optical signal detectors. Naturally, the dual-function photovoltaic–photodetector device readily offers a means of energy harvesting for powering up future IoUT sensors.
关键词： non-line-of-sight,Underwater wireless optical communication,energy harvesting,turbulence,fiber detector
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52