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[Nanostructure Science and Technology] Nanowire Electronics || X-Ray Spectroscopic Analysis of Electronic Properties of One-Dimensional Nanostructured Materials
摘要： Recent studies of the control of the shape and size of nanomaterials have enabled researchers to explore the development of energy storage and conversion applications in unprecedented detail. Nanomaterials can be exploited into green energy strategies if their surface architectures can be controlled by various treatment processes. Their remarkable behaviors arise in part from their small size, large surface area, and quantum con?nement. Nanomaterial science has various implications for environmental science and sustainability. Physical and chemical routes for controlling morphologies, crystal structures, and physical and chemical properties can be exploited to improve performance, expand the function, and extend lifetime of devices with energy storage and conversion applications. Such devices that involve nanomaterials include storage and conversion devices (energy storage, hydrogen generation, water-splitting and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC)), optical and electronic devices (semiconductors, photoelectrocatalytic, and waveguides), and environmental devices (sensors and adsorption/separation), among others. Such applications typically rely on emerging electrode designs, which support the realization of energy storage and conversion devices, whose manufacture can be done more ef?ciently by nanotechnology. The unique features of nanomaterials have been in the development of energy storage and conversion proved to be useful.
关键词： supercapacitors,nanomaterials,conversion,water-splitting,X-ray absorption spectroscopy,energy storage,MnO2,TiO2
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Drivers, barriers and enablers to end-of-life management of solar photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems: A systematic literature review
摘要： Distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are a low-cost form of renewable energy technology that has had an exponential rate of uptake globally in the last decade. However, little attention has been paid to the potential environmental and human health related impacts associated with PV systems, if not managed properly at the end-of-life (EoL). Rare materials such as ruthenium, gallium, indium, and tellurium are essential components in PV panels, while battery energy storage systems (BESS) are composed of various chemistries (i.e. lithium-ion, lead acid, nickel cadmium, salt water, and flow batteries). An appropriate EoL management strategy for solar photovoltaic systems (i.e. PV modules, BESS) is necessary, not only to prevent and/or mitigate future environmental problems but also to reduce demand on rare earth materials. Drawn from a portfolio of 191 papers collected from Scopus and Web of Science databases between 2000 and 2018 (by 30 June 2018), a systematic quantitative literature review on solar energy systems EoL studies was conducted to examine the temporal trend of current research as well as methodological and geographical distributions of the published articles. Research has been concentrated within Europe, some parts of Asia, and North America, with experimental and modelling/simulation methods being mostly applied. The focus of this study was to compile and synthesise reported drivers, barriers, and enablers to EoL management of PV panels and BESS in the context of the circular economy. A conceptual framework is proposed to facilitate the transition of current PV system material flows and supply chain management practices to circular economy concepts. This paper also presents a future research agenda.
关键词： battery energy storage system,recycling,solar panel,photovoltaic,end-of-life management,circular economy
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Thermal modelling of a flat plate solar collector with latent heat storage validated with experimental data in outdoor conditions
摘要： This paper presents a thermal modelling strategy to evaluate the performance of latent heat storage technique in a ?at plate solar collector (FPSC) with integrated phase change material (PCM). A thermal dynamic model is developed based in simpli?ed semi empirical correlations and includes heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation in each part of the device. Melting process of the PCM is described with energy balances for a set of discrete spatial layers to calculate temperature and liquid fraction. The model is validated with experimental data gathered under outdoor conditions from a real ?at plate solar collector prototype modi?ed to incorporate PCM containers between the absorber plate and the insulation. As result of the validation process, the model shows the capability to estimate the global thermal performance of the device with good accuracy compared with the experimental measurements and using minimal computational resources. Comparisons between estimations of the model and test data are presented for 20 days, real conditions include days with both high and low incident radiation and two di?erent PCMs. Predicted temperature of glass cover, absorber plate, water outlet and PCM are obtained with a maximum error of 4.62%. The model was employed to analyze the collector thermal performance. Temperatures, heat transfer, stored energy of collector main components and liquid fraction of PCM are estimated and analyzed in two cases: under clear sky condition without strong changes of solar radiation and under scattered weather with solar radiation variation. Two PCMs with di?erent melting points (45 °C and 60 °C) are analyzed and compared with results without PCM by using the model to evaluate their performance.
关键词： Flat plate solar collector,Thermal energy storage,Thermal model,Experimental validation,PCM
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Boosted electrochemical performance of TiO2 decorated RGO/CNT hybrid nanocomposite by UV irradiation
摘要： Titania decorated RGO/CNT hybrid electrode material was prepared for supercapacitor (SCs) application through facile hydrothermal approach. Combined act of 1D CNTs and 2D RGO assists the uniform in-situ growth of titania towards high surface area mesoporous self-assembled interconnected morphology which is confirmed from FESEM and BET surface area analysis. This interconnected porous network like structure can efficiently allow the better mass transport and decreased contact resistance towards high electrochemical utilization. Electrochemical measurements revealed the superior performance of hybrid nanocomposite comprising of titania/RGO/CNT (TG1C1) which exhibited maximum specific capacitance around 477 F/g at current density 1 A/g. However, this capacitance value was further enhanced up to 537 F/g after 1 hour of UV light irradiation. This enhancement could be ascribed to photo-catalytic effect of TiO2 and corresponding genesis of photo-excited electrons on TiO2 surface which further channelized through interconnected RGO and CNT morphology and hence results in improved specific capacitance. These observations were in good agreement with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. The hybrid nanocomposite also showed satisfying energy density and power density. It was also found that prepared hybrid nanocomposites were stable up to 2000 cycles with maximum specific capacitance retention of 92% of initial value.
关键词： Energy storage,RGO-CNT hybrid,Titania,Specific Capacitance
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Effects of Nanowire Length on Charge Transport in Vertically Aligned Gold Nanowire Array Electrodes
摘要： In this study, we demonstrate that vertically aligned gold nanowire array electrodes provide rapid ion and electron transport to the electrode-electrolyte interface. The charge-transport properties of the nanowire electrodes were investigated through cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under a constant-volume device configuration. The total charge stored in the corresponding devices increases monotonically with the length of the nanowires owing to the concomitant increase in the electroactive real surface area of the electrode. A remarkable feature of the electrodes is that the internal resistance associated with charge transport decreases with increasing nanowire length. The electric double-layer capacitance per unit electroactive surface area remains constant up to high charge/discharge rates. Our results demonstrate that charge migration occurs rapidly on the surfaces of the nanowires regardless of their length and the charge/discharge rate used. Thus, vertically aligned nanowire array electrodes show promise as current collectors for next-generation electrochemical energy-storage devices.
关键词： energy storage,electric double-layer capacitance,current collector,battery,supercapacitor
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems - Santiago, Chile (26–29 September 2017)] - Techno-economic analysis of a small scale solar power tower at varied locations
摘要： Location selection is an important factor for the effectiveness and cost of a solar electricity generation system. Latitude and weather impact efficiency and availability, and local labor rates have a further influence on cost. To explore the impact of these effects, we performed techno-economic analysis of a small-scale solar power tower concept in six different locations in the United States, Australia, and India. The specific configuration we considered has a nominal power rating of 100 kWe and 5 hours of thermal energy storage. Further, we considered two deployment strategies: a single stand-alone 100 kWe tower, and a 20 MWe cluster of many towers. For each scenario, we used a probabilistic analysis method to evaluate levelized cost of electricity. We found that this configuration has potential for cost-competitive electricity generation and the ability to improve grid flexibility for integration of intermittent renewables. In addition, solar resource, latitude, and local labor rates all have an impact on the levelized cost of electricity of the system.
关键词： levelized cost of electricity,solar power tower,thermal energy storage,techno-economic analysis,renewable energy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Current Trends towards Converging Technologies (ICCTCT) - Coimbatore, India (2018.3.1-2018.3.3)] 2018 International Conference on Current Trends towards Converging Technologies (ICCTCT) - Design. Performance Analysis and Optimization of a 100 MW Concentrated Solar Power Plant with Thermal Energy Storage
摘要： The energy demand of the middle east region is on the rise with an urgent need to tap the abundant renewable energy sources in the region.This is essential for the future development of the Middle- East region as it reduces the dependency on fossil fuels and eliminates the problems associated with air pollution and greenhouse gases. This paper presents the design, performance analysis and optimization of a 100 MWe parabolic trough based Concentrated Solar Power Plant with thermal energy storage for a location in Abudhabi which falls in middle east region. The thermodynamic aspect and annual performance of the proposed plant design is also analyzed using the SAM software.The annual energy generated from the CSP plant is found to be 333.15GWh with a gross to net conversion factor of 81.1%.The mean efficiency of the plant is found to be 14.35%. The performance of the proposed CSP plant is further optimized by varying the solar multiple and full load hours of TES. The proposed parabolic trough based CSP plant with thermal energy storage is found to be feasible for the location further in Abudhabi and encourages development of solar thermal power plants in the region.
关键词： optimization,Renewable energy,thermal energy storage,parabolic trough,Concentrated Solar Power
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Use it or lose it: The influence of second order effects of practical components on storing energy harvested by pyroelectric effects
摘要： Harvesting energy using the pyroelectric effect has seen growth as a potential energy source for low power applications, such as self-powered and autonomous wireless sensor networks. The scavenged energy is generally at low power levels, from mW to less than μW. While the voltages generated by pyroelectrics can be appreciable, the electric currents can be low in the order of nano-amps. In the case of pyroelectric harvesting the frequency of operation can also be low, typically much lower than 1 Hz, due to the slow temperature oscillations and transients in systems of large thermal mass. The combination of low power levels and low frequency of operation means that methods of storing electrical energy generated by pyroelectrics and the influence of inherent second order losses is of importance to create efficient harvesting devices. This paper examines the second order characteristic effects of practical capacitors and diodes for storage. The stored energy decay characteristics for commercially available components are examined and the data is used to characterise the second order effects. Selected components are then used in a pyroelectric harvesting system to determine potential improvements by appropriate selection of components with low loss.
关键词： pyroelectric,Energy-harvesting,energy-storage
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference On Advances in Communication and Computing Technology (ICACCT) - Sangamner, India (2018.2.8-2018.2.9)] 2018 International Conference On Advances in Communication and Computing Technology (ICACCT) - Optimal Sizing of Battery-Ultracapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage Device in a Standalone Photovoltaic System
摘要： In standalone renewable energy systems, it is most essential to deploy energy storage devices to compensate for the intermittent and random output power generation. Since the last few years, hybrid energy storage devices (HESDs) composed of two or more energy storage technologies are being adopted in these power systems. In this paper, a standalone photovoltaic system with battery-ultracapacitor HESD has been considered for case study. A suitable problem formulation with the necessary objective function and constraints has been developed for the system. A variant of one of the popular meta-heuristic techniques, particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been used to address the optimization problem. The simulation results along with the convergence characteristics of the algorithm have been presented. It is observed that the proposed technique can produce comparable results.
关键词： Battery,standalone photovoltaic system,ultracapacitor,hybrid energy storage,particle swarm optimization (PSO)
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Experimental study on microcapsules of Ag doped ZnO nanomaterials enhanced Oleic-Myristic acid eutectic PCM for thermal energy storage
摘要： Novel microcapsules of Ag doped ZnO nanomaterials enhanced Oleic-Myristic acid eutectic phase change materials (PCMs) were synthesized by in-situ polymerization process. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that Ag doped ZnO nanomaterials has a hexagonal wurtzite structure. Nano enhanced composite PCMs are prepared by mixing different weight percentage of nanomaterials with Oleic-Myristic acid eutectic mixture act as core material. Microscopic analysis reveals the formation of uniform spherical structure of Melamine-Formaldehyde shell over the core material with a perfect core-shell structure. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis showed that microencapsulated PCMs (MEPCMs) melts and freezes in the range of 4.37-5.81 °C and 10.84-11.86 °C with the latent heat of 75.39-79.35 J/g and 74.9-77.95 J/g. MEPCMs have better thermal conductivity, stability and reliability determined by thermal conductivity, thermogravimetric and thermal cycling analysis. Based on the results, MEPCMs with Ag doped ZnO nanomaterials could be suggested as the potential core material for low temperature thermal energy storage applications.
关键词： Thermal stability,Ag doped ZnO nanomaterials,Thermal energy storage,Eutectic mixture,Microcapsules
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46