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An Alcohol-Soluble Polymer Electron Transport Layer Based on Perylene Diimide Derivatives for Polymer Solar Cells
摘要： Modular multilevel converter with integrated battery energy storage system (MMC-BESS) has been proposed for energy storage requirements in high-voltage applications with large-scale renewable energy resources. The MMC-BESS is essentially a three-port converter which can transfer energy between any two of the ac port, dc port, and BESS, constituting multimode operation of the system. Different from conventional MMCs, the state-of-charge (SOC) inconsistency among batteries would magnify the submodule capacitor voltage unbalance issue in the MMC-BESS. In this study, an improved capacitor voltage balancing method applicable for multimode operation of MMC-BESS is proposed by adjusting ac and dc modulation indexes simultaneously. After that, the ratio of ac and dc modulation indexes is optimised to enhance the tolerance of unbalanced power among SMs within phase arm, greatly improving the SOC equalisation rate. Based on the proposed capacitor voltage balancing method, the control structure is given and the dynamic model is conducted for the analytic design of the closed-loop controller. Finally, the simulations and experimental results validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
关键词： SOC equalisation,Multimode operation,Modular multilevel converter,Battery energy storage system,Capacitor voltage balancing
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Eleventh International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN) - Zagreb, Croatia (2019.7.2-2019.7.5)] 2019 Eleventh International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN) - Pricing-based shared energy storage optimization for residential users with photovoltaic generation system and demand-side load management
摘要： In this paper, we investigate a problem of optimal capacities of energy storage system for the residential users and an optimal unit price energy storage system for an aggregator. We suppose that the residential users have own photovoltaic generation system and a smart meter which can schedule activation of home appliances and controls. The aggregator participates in energy market to maximize his pro?t by selling the storage to the residential users. Each user determines his energy consumption schedule and a required amount of storage to minimize his energy cost depending on the unit price of energy storage, price pro?le of electricity from the main grid and his renewable power generation capacity. We consider electricity bill from main grid and storage bill from the aggregator as users’ energy cost. We formulate a problem for the aggregator to decide an optimal unit price of energy storage and a problem for each user to decide energy consumption schedule and a required amount of storage capacity. With numerical investigation, it is shown that the energy storage can reduce the energy load to main grid and shave peak power. As a result, by purchasing energy storage, users can save their energy cost by 43% in average compared to the case without energy storage.
关键词： home load management,Energy storage system,aggregator,residential photovoltaic generation,smart grids
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Singapore (2018.5.22-2018.5.25)] 2018 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Optimal Real-Time Scheduling of Energy Storage Systems to Accommodate PV Generation in Distribution Networks
摘要： The increasing penetration of renewables in the distribution networks (DN) can cause severe operation constraint violations, such as voltage violation and branch line overload. To deal with like photovoltaic (PV), a novel real-time scheduling (RTS) approach for energy storage systems (ESSs) in distribution networks is proposed in this paper. The distribution network operators (DNO) dispatch the PV, ESS and the substation together to minimized the weighted cost and ensure the security of system operation. The AC OPF in DN is formulated as a second-order cone programming (SOCP) problem where we can obain the global optimal solution using some off-the-shelf solvers. Case studies on 37-bus system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach as well as the exactness of the relaxation.
关键词： Active distribution network,photovoltaic,second-order cone programming,energy storage system
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Drivers, barriers and enablers to end-of-life management of solar photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems: A systematic literature review
摘要： Distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are a low-cost form of renewable energy technology that has had an exponential rate of uptake globally in the last decade. However, little attention has been paid to the potential environmental and human health related impacts associated with PV systems, if not managed properly at the end-of-life (EoL). Rare materials such as ruthenium, gallium, indium, and tellurium are essential components in PV panels, while battery energy storage systems (BESS) are composed of various chemistries (i.e. lithium-ion, lead acid, nickel cadmium, salt water, and flow batteries). An appropriate EoL management strategy for solar photovoltaic systems (i.e. PV modules, BESS) is necessary, not only to prevent and/or mitigate future environmental problems but also to reduce demand on rare earth materials. Drawn from a portfolio of 191 papers collected from Scopus and Web of Science databases between 2000 and 2018 (by 30 June 2018), a systematic quantitative literature review on solar energy systems EoL studies was conducted to examine the temporal trend of current research as well as methodological and geographical distributions of the published articles. Research has been concentrated within Europe, some parts of Asia, and North America, with experimental and modelling/simulation methods being mostly applied. The focus of this study was to compile and synthesise reported drivers, barriers, and enablers to EoL management of PV panels and BESS in the context of the circular economy. A conceptual framework is proposed to facilitate the transition of current PV system material flows and supply chain management practices to circular economy concepts. This paper also presents a future research agenda.
关键词： battery energy storage system,recycling,solar panel,photovoltaic,end-of-life management,circular economy
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Technoeconomic analysis of a grid-connected PV and battery energy storage system considering time of use pricing
摘要： This paper examines the technoeconomic optimization of the size of valve-regulated lead acid-type battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in order to minimize the total annual operating cost of a grid-connected photovoltaic BESS within the framework of system operational constraints, using the improved harmony search algorithm. The electricity cost is calculated using time of use pricing, where the price of energy varies according to the load demand. The concept of feed-in-tari? is discussed, where power can be bought from and sold back to the grid. A sensitivity analysis is performed for three cases: without storage, with storage and without peak load shaving, and with both storage and peak load shaving. The total annual operating cost of the system is calculated for all three cases and cost savings are compared. The simulations, performed with MATLAB, show a good optimization performance.
关键词： technoeconomic analysis,Battery energy storage system sizing,time of use pricing,peak load shaving,photovoltaic system
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14